问:为什么会出现这样的情况,男女生之间的拉力存在着怎样的大小关系?进一步求证这两个力的大小关系经过共同讨论,得方案:把两个弹簧秤勾在一起,重现拔河比赛,分三种情况进行。(通过摄像头把弹簧秤的读数放大)两弹簧称勾在一起拉,处于静止不动时(即拔河比赛,双方处于僵持状态)两弹簧称勾在一起拉,并向一方运动(即比赛绳子被拉向一方时的状态)3、两弹簧称勾在一起拉,一方方向慢慢改变(两力方向始终在一条直线上)实验结论:两弹簧称的读数的变化总是相同的,大小相等,方向相反。得到牛顿第三定律:追问:既然两个力大小相等,那么拔河比赛为什么还存在胜负之分?讲清作用力与反作用力作用的受力物体不同,并和学生讨论如何做才会获胜。回应课前问题:“以卵击石”为什么鸡蛋碎?
进一步引导学生思考利用数学知识可写成等式F=kma学生很自然就会思考比列系数K应该是多少?通过教师引导学生举例各国长度单位不同(如英国:英里、码、英尺、英寸;中国:市里、市丈、市尺、市寸、市分 )导致交流不便。为了适应各国交流需要国际计量局规定了一套统一的单位,称为国际单位制 。取不同的单位制K是不同的,为了简洁方便,在选取了质量和加速度的国际单位(Kg, m/s2)时规定K=1。那么就有;F=ma为了纪念牛顿,就把能使1kg物体获得1m/s2加速度的力称做一牛顿,用符号N表示问题:实际物体受力往往不止一个,多个力情况应该怎么办呢?平行四边形法则进一步引导学生得出牛顿第二定律更一般的表达式: F合=ma思考.讨论我们用力提一个很重的箱子,却提不动它。这个力产生了加速度吗?要是产生了,箱子的运动状态却并没有改变。为什么?
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
The topic of this part is “Learn to make choices in life”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at the moral dilemmas, and this part is about making choices in life. The heroin is Lin Qiaozhi, a famous medical scientist, made a great contribution to our country’s medical care. Most importantly, her life experience can inspire our students whether in studying or the development of career. she had moral dilemmas and life choices, which are similar to the students who will step into society. Besides, Lin has quite good virtues like kindness, self-improvement, insistence, job-loving , generosity and responsibility, which is worth being learned.Concretely, this article is a biography about Lin Qiaozhi. The article tells her whole life according the timeline, among which the life choices is emphasized. For example, whether married or chased her dream, returned home or stayed abroad, family or public, her choices all reflected her faith, spirit, responsibility and devotion.1. Fast reading to get the detailed information about Lin Qiaozhi; careful reading to do the deductive information.2. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.3. Study the structure features and language features. 4. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.1. Learn the reading skills--deductive judgement according the context.2. Study the structure features and language features.3. Communicate about Lin’s life choices and reflect their own life choices.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat are some important life choices?Importance choices: university study, jobs and marriage partners. Because they can determine our future.
1. 这个寓言是一个关于一位国王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用这个故事让读者对于社区的问题负有个人责任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 这个故事十分成功的实现了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
1. 表示时间。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示条件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
4.They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside.[归纳]1.过去将来时的基本构成和用法过去将来时由“would+动词原形”构成,主要表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作(尤其用于宾语从句中),还可以表示过去的动作习惯或倾向。Jeff knew he would be tired the next day.He promised that he would not open the letter until 2 o'clock.She said that she wouldn't do that again.2.表示过去将来时的其他表达法(1)was/were going to+动词原形:该结构有两个主要用法,一是表示过去的打算,二是表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。I thought it was going to rain.(2)was/were to+动词原形:主要表示过去按计划或安排要做的事情。She said she was to get married next month.(3)was/were about to+动词原形:表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作,由于本身已含有“即将”的意味,所以不再与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.(4)was/were+现在分词:表示在过去看来即将发生的动作,通常可用于该结构中的动词是come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等瞬间动词。Jack said he was leaving tomorrow.
(一)储蓄存款1、储蓄存款的含义:讲解时让学生明白几个要点----谁在存?存什么?往哪存?有什么凭证?为什么存?并强调居民存款必须是合法拥有的,而且是有偿的。明确含义之后通过案例引导学生思考,人们都到哪些地方存款?学生活动:可以存入农业银行、建设银行、中国银行、工商银行信用合作社,邮政储蓄等;2、通过学生回答,我国的主要储蓄机构是各商业银行,并引导学生思考人们为什么将钱存入储蓄机构?储蓄的目的是什么?(可获得利息)从而引出3、利息含义及其计算公式,并熟悉利息计算公式4、提出问题:储蓄种类----定期,活期,让学生对比两种储蓄的异同并填表格。(二)我国的商业银行首先展示一组银行图标引导学生思考,哪些银行属于商业银行,从而引出第一个小问题----商业银行的含义。讲解定义,让学生抓住商业银行的业务和经营目标。
【课外延伸】阅读思考:1、改革开放以来,东西方文明的交流、碰撞更加剧烈。对于外来文化,目前有不同的观点,现引入两种观点:观点1:这是一种进步。改革开放以来,中国不断发展,这时候旧的文化显然是不合时宜的,西方文化的进入,给我们带来了新的生活方式和生活态度,中国逐渐改掉了一些陋习,与世界接轨。观点2:这是一种文化侵略。西方文化的进入,使中国传统文化一步步沦丧,特别是我们过着西方圣诞节时,中国的传统节日端午节已被韩国申报为非物质文化遗产。这告诉我们,我们应该保护我们的传统文化。面对东西方文化的交汇、碰撞,你认为该怎样正确看待外来文化和传统文化?请写篇小论文阐述你的观点。2、设计以下表格:利用搜集的资料按照“衣、食、住、行、风俗”五部分进行比较,再将现代社会物质生活和习俗细分为“辛亥革命前和辛亥革命后”两部分内容进行比较。
精讲拓宽:师:(精讲)英国位于大西洋中的不列颠岛上,东、南隔北海、多佛尔海峡、英吉利海峡与欧洲大陆相望,具备了扩大海外贸易的得天独厚的条件。新航路开辟以后,欧洲的商路和贸易中心发生了变化,主要商路从地中海转移到大西洋沿岸。英国积极参与了海外贸易的竞争。请同学们思考:英国资本主义是怎样发展起来的呢?生1:像荷兰一样,英国位于大西洋沿岸,具备了扩大海外贸易的得天独厚的条件。生2:更主要的是英国政府组建了东印度公司,大力发展海外贸易,进行海外殖民扩张。生3:英国是岛国,在资产阶级革命以后建立起来的资产阶级政府,十分重视海军建设,为争夺殖民地提供了军事保障。生4:还有一个原因不能忽视,那就是英国的煤炭和羊毛资源丰富,手工业发达,为它的海外殖民活动奠定了雄厚的物质基础。师:(过渡)其实,英国资本主义的发展过程,就是它殖民霸权地位的确立过程,也就是与其他殖民国家不断斗争并取得胜利的过程。英国先后与哪些国家发生过争夺战争呢?
一、教材地位《音乐与影视艺术》是人教版高中历史必修(III)第八专题中的第三节内容。音乐、影视艺术属于意识形态范畴,是当时政治、经济的反映,是社会进步的产物。19世纪以来的音乐与影视艺术糅合了近代科学技术的元素,直接引领着文明发展趋势和社会风尚,满足人们不同层次的审美需要和精神追求。音乐、影视艺术在人类日常生活中无处不在,已经成为人们日常生活中的重要组成部分,所以具有重要地位。本课分三个部分介绍了19世纪和20世纪音乐的发展与变化以及影视艺术的产生发展。下面我就谈谈对这节课的教学思路。二、教材分析1、课标要求课标的要求是:列举19世纪以来有代表性的音乐作品,理解这些音乐作品的时代性和民族性。了解影视艺术产生与发展的历程,认识其对社会生活的影响。2、教学目标根据新课标、教材内容、学生实际,确定教学目标如下:(1)知识与能力:①列举19世纪以来有代表性的音乐作品,理解这些音乐作品的时代性和民族性。
(二)?过程与方法? 4.?观察生活中的惯性现象,了解力和运动的关系? 5.?通过实验加深对牛顿第一定律的理解? 6.?理解理想实验是科学研究的重要方法? (三)?情感态度与价值观? 7.?通过伽利略和亚里士多德对力和运动关系的不同认识,了解人类认识事物本质的曲折性? 8.?感悟科学是人类进步的不竭动力
培养学生合作交流意识和探究问题的能力,这一部分知识层层递进,符合学生由特殊到一般、由简单到复杂的认知规律。4、互动探究(1)极限思想的渗透让学生阅读“思考与讨论”小版块.培养学生的自学和阅读能力提出下列问题,进行分组讨论:a、用课本上的方法估算位移,其结果比实际位移大还是小?为什么?b、为了提高估算的精确度,时间间隔小些好还是大些好?为什么?针对学生回答的多种可能性加以评价和进一步指导。让学生从讨论的结果中归纳得出:△t越小,对位移的估算就越精确。渗透极限的思想。通过小组内分工合作,讨论交流,培养学生交流合作的精神,以及搜集信息、处理信息的能力;通过小组间对比总结,使学生学会在对比中发现问题,在解决问题过程中提高个人能力;
设计意图:几道例题及练习题,其中例1小车由静止启动开始行驶,以加速度 做匀加速运动,求2s后的速度大小?进而变式到:小车遇到红灯刹车……,充分体现了“从生活到物理,从物理到社会”的物理教学理念;例题及练习题由浅入深、由易到难、各有侧重,体现新课标提出的让不同的学生在物理上得到不同发展的教学理念。这一环节总的设计意图是反馈教学,内化知识。(6) 小结归纳,拓展深化我的理解是,小结归纳不应该仅仅是知识的简单罗列,而应该是优化认知结构,完善知识体系的一种有效手段,为充分发挥学生的主题作用,从学习的知识、方法、体验是那个方面进行归纳,我设计了这么三个问题:① 通过本节课的学习,你学会了哪些知识;② 通过本节课的学习,你最大的体验是什么;③ 通过本节课的学习,你掌握了哪些学习物理的方法?
一、教材分析人教版高中思想政治必修4生活与哲学第一单元第三课第二框题《哲学史上的伟大变革》。本框主要内容有马克思主义哲学的产生和它的基本特征、马克思主义的中国化的三大理论成果。学习本框内容对学生来讲,将有助于他们正确认识马克思主义,运用马克思主义中国化的理论成果,分析解决遇到的社会问题。具有很强的现实指导意义。二、学情分析高二学生已经具备了一定的历史知识,思维能力有一定提高,思想活跃,处于世界观、人生观形成时期,对一些社会现象能主动思考,但尚需正确加以引导,激发学生学习马克思主义哲学的兴趣。三、教学目标1.马克思主义哲学产生的阶级基础、自然科学基础和理论来源,马克思主义哲学的基本特征。2.通过对马克思主义哲学的产生和基本特征的学习,培养学生鉴别理论是非的能力,进而运用马克思主义哲学的基本观点分析和解决生活实践中的问题。3.实践的观点是马克思主义哲学的首要和基本的观点,培养学生在实践中分析问题和解决问题的能力,进而培养学生在实践活动中的科学探索精神和革命批判精神。