4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who,其意思是问,对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
2. 您能看到, 我头发太长了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 无论什么时候, 只要您想回来就回来。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您仅有很少的头发要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 为您服务是我的荣幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
一、语文学习中学生自我评价能力的培养1.营造氛围,培养学生自我评价的意识。学生自我评价能力是教师长期培养的结果,而保护学生自我评价的热情,更是持续自我评价的保证。在我们的实际教育教学中,教师一直处于评价的绝对主体,很少去关注学生自我评价意识和能力的培养,学生常常不理解:为什么要认真听讲?为什么书写要工整、为什么发言要积极?为什么老师、父母对考试分数会有那么高的要求?当前出现的学生许多诸如“离家出走”、“毒杀亲人”等教育、行为、品德方面的问题,我想其中除了家长、教师的评价意识和评价艺术等原因之外,学生的自我评价意识的缺乏是根本的原因。所以我认为,学生自我评价意识的培养刻不容缓。(1)热情鼓励,提供成功的心理体验。在教学过程中,教师要善于发现、肯定学生自我评价的点滴进步,对于他们每一点进步都要真诚热情地鼓励。让学生觉得我这么做,这么想是对的。让学生在教师的鼓励中体会到强烈的爱,感受到自己的进步,增强自己的信心。“心若在,梦就在!”教师的热情鼓励是一种强大的催化剂,促使学生在学习中乐于自我评价。
教学目标:1、了解文学作品解读的个性化及其原因。2、探讨个性化解读遵循的基本原则,合理解读文学作品。教学重点:引导学生关注文学现象,培养他们对文学作品理解的多重思维能力。教学难点:把握个性化的度。避免偏激的理解、过度的张扬所谓个性,严重歪曲文学作品。教学方法:导读、计论、合作探究。教学时间:一课时教学过程:一、创设情境、揭题导入:记得有这样一个故事:一个小孩在四岁就能背《登鹳雀楼》,可平时只有在大人的要求下,他才背出来。直到六岁的某一天,他父母带他去旅游,在他登陆上山顶时,竟然随口背出:“欲穷千里目,更上一层楼”来。这说明了什么?……(讨论)文学作品解读的个性化。二、探讨个性化解读的原因1、读者的差异导致解读的个性化A、同一作品,阅读的时间不同,解读不同。如上面的例子。如《从百草园到三味书屋》和《风筝》主题的多元化理解。“温故知新”,名作重读,不但有趣,而且有益。B、同一作品,不同读者,解读不同。
《普通高中语文课程标准》关于“表达与交流”方面学生应达到的目标有如下的表述:“学会多角度地观察生活,丰富生活经历和情感体验,对自然、社会和人生有自己的感受和思考”,“进一步提高记叙述、说明、描写、议论、抒情等基本表达能力”。观察、感受、思考是写好作文的必要的积累与条件,而用最恰当的语言与形式传达自己的所得则属于“技巧”方面的范畴。教材“表达与交流”的编选采用的“话题探讨—写法借鉴—写作练习”的体例,其优点是就某一话题训练某一方面的写作能力,能使教与学具有较强的操作性,目标更具体,也就是“既讲‘写什么’,又讲‘怎么写’”,能克服“纯技术性训练”;不足在于容易造成教与学上的“只见树木、不见森林”现象。要让学生确实形成能力,举一反三,老师的备课量非常之大,好在现在网络发达,必修1和必修2还配了教案(不知为什么必修3和必修4没有),总算应对过来,因此,我在此所讲的教学设计之类的,有许多不是我个人的,是别人的成果,特此声明。
方法点拨教师:有的同学叙述事实论据时,不突出重点和精华,不注意取舍,水分太多,有许多的叙述描写,有时还有详细的故事情节,文章几乎成了记叙文,使文章的论点无法得到充分的证明,这是写议论文的大忌。那么:议论文中的记叙有哪些特点?同学各抒己见。投影显示:1.议论中的记叙不是单纯的写人记事,记叙文字是为议论服务的,其目的是为作者所阐明的道理提供事实依据。所以,在记叙时要求简洁、概括,舍弃其中的细节,仅仅交代清楚事件或者人物的概貌即可,一般不在各种描写手段上下功夫,只要把能证明观点的那个部分、侧面交代清楚就行了。2.议论文中的记叙性文字不得超过总字数的1/3,否则视为文体不当。能力提升一、教师:了解了议论文中的记叙的特点,接下来我们看看今天的话题:“爱的奉献”,你想从哪个角度立论?有哪些素材?
①阐发话题式:就是用简练的语言对所给话题材料加以概括和浓缩,并找到一个最佳切入点加以深层次阐述。吉林一考生的满分作文《漫谈“感情”“认知”》的题记是:“同是对‘修墙’‘防盗’的预见,却产生‘聪明’或‘被怀疑’的结果。‘感情’竟能如此地左右着‘认知’,心的小舟啊,在文化的河流中求索。”这个题记通过对材料的简单解释,将“感情”与“认知”二者的关系诠释得非常明白,也点明了作者的态度和议论的中心。②诠释题目式:所拟题目一般都具有深刻性特点,运用题记形式对题目进行巧妙而又全面的诠释。云南一考生的满分作文《与你同行》的题记是:“他们一路同行,一个汲着水,一个负着火,形影相随。在他们携手共进时,就产生了智慧。”这个题记形象而深刻地对“与你同行”这个题目进行了解释,言简意赅,表明了考生对感情和理智关系的认识。
三、宗教改革:1、背景:(1)文艺复兴的影响。文艺复兴中,人文主义学者尽管对宗教保持较为温和的态度,但其以人为中心的思想极大地冲击了天主教的精神独裁,天主教的权威日益受到人们的怀疑。(2)天主教会对欧洲尤其是德意志的压榨。中世纪的天主教会对人民进行严密的精神统治,基督教信仰的核心是“原罪”和“灵魂救赎”,即人生下来就有罪,只有信仰上帝,跟随耶稣才能得救。就“灵魂救赎”而言,最初强调的是个人信仰的作用,后来,神学家们又加上了种种繁杂的宗教礼仪,而且必须得到神职人员的帮助,灵魂才能得救。在经济上,天主教会还是最大的封建主,占有大量的土地,并征收什一税,对各国人民大肆搜刮。罗马教廷每年从德意志搜刮的财富达30万古尔登(货币单位),相当于“神圣罗马帝国”皇帝每年税收额的20倍。德意志也成了被教会榨取最严重的地区,素有“教皇的乳牛”之称。
“千载琵琶作胡语,分明怨恨曲中论。”“怨恨”两字点明全篇主旨。千百年来,琵琶所演奏的总是从匈奴传来的撩人愁思的胡乐,正是昭君在诉说着她的怨恨!这两句从侧面烘托昭君的形象,既有对她的赞扬,又有对她的同情。读到这里,我们的耳边好像又响起了那深沉、幽怨的琵琶声!5、这首诗写的是昭君的怨恨,但首联一开始并没有写她的怨恨,写的是什么?这样写的目的又是什么?明确:群山万壑赴荆门山是群山起伏,连绵不绝;水是万壑争流,奔腾不息,直赴荆门山。其中的“赴”字用了拟人的手法,把迤逦不绝的千山万壑陡然间写活了,既有飞动之势,又有变幻之姿。从侧面烘托昭君的形象。两千多年前,一个青年女子远离父母之邦,嫁到异域,并在那里度过一生,确实需要巨大的勇气和毅力,而这雄伟的山川简直就是她那坚强的性格的象征。6、佳句鉴赏(这首诗歌当中,我认为有两句诗写得非常美,我自己很喜欢,不知道有没有同道中人?)
1、变换角度,多向思维(多向思维要求思维能针对问题,从不同角度,用多种方法去思考问题。对于作文而言,就是要使学生学会对同一问题,同一素材,同一题目,同一体裁的不同进行区分。)请学生从这则材料中分析出几个角度,准备课堂交流:19世纪法国著名科幻小说家儒勒?凡尔纳,一生写了104部科幻小说。当初他的第一部科幻小说《气球上的星期五》接连被15家出版社退回。他当时既痛苦又气愤,打算将稿子付之一炬。他妻子夺过书稿,给他以鼓励。于是他尝试着走进第16家出版社。经理赫哲尔阅读后,当即表示同意出版,还与儒勒?凡尔纳签订了为期20年的写作出版合同。这则材料叙述时没有一定的中心,属于开发性材料,分析材料中人物、人物关系、故事的不同侧面,可以从不同角度得出结论:
4、主旨 哪一联明确地点明全诗题旨?表达了作者的什么感情?试做分析 颈联。 菊花开在秋天,所以这 “ 丛菊 ” 回应了诗题中那个 “ 秋 ” 字。 “ 他日 ” 可以指过去也可以指未来,在这里是指过去。“丛菊两开”,指诗人于 765 年离开成都,原打算很快出峡,但这年留居云安,次年又留居夔州,见到丛菊开了两次,还未出峡,故对菊掉泪。秋菊两度盛开,使诗人再次洒下往日流过的眼泪。“开”字双关,一谓菊花开,又言泪眼随之开。此时他仍然滞留在他乡,他始终没有放弃回乡的打算。孤舟可以系住,使其不能泛诸中流,但诗人的心是系不住的。他的心早已越过江河,越过关山,飞到了长安。所以,一叶靠岸系绳的孤舟,始终都牵动着诗人的故园之思。这一联是全篇诗意所在。孤舟本来只能系住自己的行踪,却把诗人的思乡之心也牢牢地系住了,故见舟伤心,引出故园之思,表现出思乡之情的深沉浓烈和欲归不得的无奈与凄伤,为文章的主旨句。
论证方法之引证法如何用好引证法:1.所引用的名言警句等针对性要强。每句名言都产生于特定的背景,都应用于特定的交际目的,即使谈同一个问题,也有不少名言可供选取。2.要简洁,不宜过多。议论是在发表自己的见解而不是在介绍他人的见解。引用他人的话,目的是为了让读者更加信服自己的话。3.要注意直接引用和间接引用的区别。直接引用务求文字、甚至标点均准确无误;间接引用只须述其大意,但要注意人称的转换。论证方法之喻证法喻证法是用设喻来论证论点的方法。在议论文中,设喻可以使论点更易懂、更风趣、更容易获得读者的认同。喻证法能化抽象为具体、化艰深为浅显、化枯燥为生动。论证方法之喻证法如何用好喻证法:1.以小见大,就近取譬。要精选生活中细小的、人们熟悉的事物做为设喻的喻体。2.喻体不求形似,只求神似。做为喻证的喻体与做为比喻的喻体不同。比喻的喻体是为了强调特征,描绘事物,侧重形似,以形比形;而喻证的喻体是为了阐发观点,以正视听,力求神似,以义取形。
一、知识与技能1、知道伽利略的理想实验及其主要推理过程和推论,知道理想实验是科学研究的重要方法2、理解牛顿第一定律的内容及意义;理解力和运动的关系,知道物体的运动不需要力来维持。3、理解惯性的概念,知道质量是惯性大小的量度;会用惯性解释一些现象。二、过程与方法1、观察生活中的惯性现象,了解力和运动的关系2、通过实验加深对牛顿第一定律的理解3、理解理想实验是科学研究的重要方法三、情感态度与价值观1、通过伽利略和亚里士多德对力和运动关系的不同认识,了解人类认识事物本质的曲折性2、感悟科学是人类进步的不竭动力[教学重点]1、理解力和运动的关系2、对牛顿第一定律和惯性的正确理解3、理想实验[教学难点]1、力和运动的关系2、惯性和质量的关系[课时安排]1课时[教学过程][引入]
一、知识与技能1、知道伽利略的理想实验及其主要推理过程和推论,知道理想实验是科学研究的重要方法2、理解牛顿第一定律的内容及意义;理解力和运动的关系,知道物体的运动不需要力来维持。3、理解惯性的概念,知道质量是惯性大小的量度;会用惯性解释一些现象。二、过程与方法1、观察生活中的惯性现象,了解力和运动的关系2、通过实验加深对牛顿第一定律的理解3、理解理想实验是科学研究的重要方法三、情感态度与价值观1、通过伽利略和亚里士多德对力和运动关系的不同认识,了解人类认识事物本质的曲折性2、感悟科学是人类进步的不竭动力[教学重点]1、理解力和运动的关系2、对牛顿第一定律和惯性的正确理解3、理想实验[教学难点]1、力和运动的关系2、惯性和质量的关系
实验目标:1、知道打点计时器的构造和原理,学会使用打点计时器,能根据打出的纸带计算打几个点所用的时间,会计算纸带的平均速度,能根据纸带粗略测量纸带的瞬时速度,认识v-t图象,并能根据v-t图象判断物体的运动情况。2、通过速度测量过程的体验,领悟两个方法:一是用图象处理物理数据的方法;二是极限法或说无限趋近法,加强一个认识,实验是检验理论的标准。实验器材:电源(220v电源或学生电源),打点计时器,纸带,刻度尺(最好是塑料透明的),导线实验准备:1、仔细观察电磁打点计时器和电火花计时器,对照课本,比较它们的异同。2、两类打点计时器的打点时间间隔是多少?3、分析纸带时,如何计算纸带的平均速度。4、严格地说,瞬时速度我们引进测量出来的,你知道用什么方法求出的速度可以代替某点的瞬时速度吗?
实验目标:1、知道打点计时器的构造和原理,学会使用打点计时器,能根据打出的纸带计算打几个点所用的时间,会计算纸带的平均速度,能根据纸带粗略测量纸带的瞬时速度,认识v-t图象,并能根据v-t图象判断物体的运动情况。2、通过速度测量过程的体验,领悟两个方法:一是用图象处理物理数据的方法;二是极限法或说无限趋近法,加强一个认识,实验是检验理论的标准。实验器材:电源(220v电源或学生电源),打点计时器,纸带,刻度尺(最好是塑料透明的),导线实验准备:1、仔细观察电磁打点计时器和电火花计时器,对照课本,比较它们的异同。2、两类打点计时器的打点时间间隔是多少?3、分析纸带时,如何计算纸带的平均速度。4、严格地说,瞬时速度我们引进测量出来的,你知道用什么方法求出的速度可以代替某点的瞬时速度吗?5、从器材上读取的数据是原始数据,原始数据是宝贵的实验资料,要严肃对待,要整齐的记录,妥善保存。