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湖南省邵阳市2017年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料二从公元 476 年西罗马帝国灭亡到 14～16 世纪文艺复兴之前， 欧洲是政教合一的封建时代，宗教裁判所可以仅仅因为布鲁诺信奉哥白尼的日心说这样一个科学学说，而把他视为异端判处死刑，烧死在罗马鲜花广场上。因此，欧洲中世纪的科技经济发展和社会进步都受到了极大的阻碍，史称“黑暗的中世纪”。而这一千年，中国国家长期统一，经济持续发展，中华封建文明在大踏步前进……以四大发明为标志的传统技术更为世人所称道……只是到了近代才落后于西方。——摘编自王渝生《传统文化与中国科技发展》（1）根据材料一并结合所学知识，指出中国古代科技在世界科技史上的地位变化情况。（4分）（2）根据材料二并结合所学知识，概述公元401～1500年中国古代科技发展的主要原因。（6分）（3）下图是某校初三·三班吕亚楠同学制作的中国“古代四大发明”手抄报照片，其中“四大发明是什么”的答案有点模糊不清，请你补充完成。（ 4 分）
湖北省黄冈市2017年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料一十八世纪，封建王朝统治下的法国是个农业国，但资本主义工商业已经有了很大的发展，资本主义的发展，要求冲破封建制度的束缚。1789年7月，法国大革命爆发。……十九世纪上半期，俄国资本主义已经有所发展。在欧洲工业革命的影响下，还出现了手工劳动逐步被机器生产取代的趋势。但俄国落后的农奴制限制了自由劳动力的供应和国内市场的开拓……1861年，沙皇亚历山大二世批准了废除农奴制的法令。﹣﹣摘编自《世界历史》九年级上册教材
湖南省郴州市2017年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
21.“封侯非我意，但愿海波平”是明朝抗倭英雄戚继光的豪迈诗句。22.三大战役中，解放华北全境的战役是辽沈战役。23. 1997年7月1日，香港顺利回归祖国。24.日本的大化改新，标志着日本从奴隶社会开始向封建社会过渡。25.殖民扩张和掠夺是英国最早成为资本主义工业强国的重要条件之一。26.1861年，沙俄政府在废除农奴制的法令中规定，农奴在获得“解放”时，可以无偿得到一块土地。27.萨拉热窝事件是第二次世界大战的导火线。28. 1942年1月，美、英、苏、中等26个国家在华盛顿签署了《联合国家宣言》，标志着世界反法西斯同盟正式建立。29.湘南起义的主要领导人是朱德、陈毅。30.湖南的地方剧种丰富多彩，有湘剧、花鼓戏、祁剧、豫剧等。
云南省昆明市2016年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料一11世纪中期，印刷技术出现了重大突破，平民毕昇经过反复实验，发明了活字印刷术，毕昇的这一发明，是印刷史上的重大事件，对文明的传播、交流和发展，产生了深远影响。﹣摘自中华书局版《中国历史》（七年级下册）（1）根据材料一，指出印刷技术出现重大突破的标志是什么？这一重大突破产生了怎样的影响？材料二19世纪下半期，科学技术的突破，带来了社会生产力的极大发展和人们物质生活水平的提高。与此同时，科学技术的成果和巨大的生产力也被应用于军事领域、潜艇、飞机、坦克等新式武器的相继问世，使战争扩展到海底和空中；电报、电话和无线电等新的通讯工具的出现，使战争可以在更大范围展开，科学技术的成果这一人类智慧的结晶被用于军事，预示着未来的战争更加残酷。﹣摘自岳麓书社《20世纪的战争与和平》（2）材料二中“19世纪下半期，科学技术的突破”被称为什么？科学技术成果的应用，对未来战争产生了怎样的影响？
新疆维吾尔2017年中考语文真题试题（含解析）
观沧海曹操东临碣石，以观沧海。水何澹澹，山岛竦峙。树木丛生，百草丰茂。秋风萧瑟，洪波涌起。日月之行，若出其中；星汉灿烂，若出其里。幸甚至哉，歌以咏志。
湖南省张家界市2019年中考语文真题试题（含解析）
读书不能死章句，需要思考一个“活”字。李白在《嘲鲁儒》中说：“鲁叟谈五经，白发死章句。问以经济策，茫如坠烟雾。”诗人对那些夸夸其谈而没有真才实学的“鲁叟”进行了辛辣的嘲讽。这些人谈起五经头头是道，问起经世济民之策却茫然无知。他们拿腔拿调，架子十足，却死于章句，不知时变。陆游《冬夜读书示子聿》中的观点，则更加值得那些“鲁叟”们深思。他说“纸上得来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行”，言词朴素，满含哲理，诗中提出的理论与实践相结合的观点，至今犹有现实意义。只有在实践中才能得真知、悟真谛，真正学有所获，学有所用。
2022年吉林省中考英语真题（原卷版）
Taiping nijiaojiao is made of the mudfrom the local mountain. It takes more than ten steps to make the clay toy, andthe key step is to knead (捏) it with your hands. You can knead the clay toyinto anything, like animals and plants. The blowhole is the most difficult partto make, for the size of the blowhole makes a difference to the sound. Whilecoloring, you can use traditional cultural elements (元素) thatcarry good meanings. It’s hard to make taipingnijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel proud of yourself.
2022年海南省中考英语真题（原卷版）
YangHongwei, 56, was born into a kite-making family in Weifang. When she was young,she often saw kites with bright colors and different shapes in hergrandfather’s workshop.
2022年河南省中考英语真题（原卷版）
In the large yard stood thirteen trees ofdifferent sizes. One day, while Joey was playing with his sister under thetrees, he noticed that a tree trunk (树干) had a sad look. He raninto the house to tell his mom about it. She told Joey to find the reason whyit was sad.
2022年河北省中考英语真题（原卷版）
As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and helearned the Earth is in ___12___ condition. He felt worried, and hewanted to ___13___ the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water nearNorth Pole（北极）todraw people’s attention to the melting glaciers（融化的冰川）.
2022年福建省中考英语真题（原卷版）
Thinking that her dream could never come true,Kelly was in low spirits and ____18____ her studies at school. Hermother did all she could to cheer her up, ____19____ Kelly refused tochange. She even took out all her anger and ____20____ on her mother.
2022年安徽省中考英语真题（原卷版）
During 1907-1909, British explorer EarnestShackleton explored Antarctica on foot. In 1911, two explorers—a British mannamed Scott and a Norwegian named Amundsen—raced 1, 400 kilometres to the SouthPole (南极).Amundsen arrived first.
2022年北京市中考英语真题（原卷版）
When itcomes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. Alife filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, whatmakes a meaningful life?Manyresearchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): havinglong-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s lifefits together and “makes sense”.But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimeslife enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open toappreciating (欣赏) suchexperiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We callthis experiential appreciation (EA).
2022年江苏省镇江市中考英语真题（原卷版）
The fantasticman-made “forest” is a Singapore landmark. It is made from steel and concrete(水泥) covered in localflowers and plants. At night, 18 solar-powered tree-like towers which get theirenergy from the sun often light up the city.
2022年江苏省连云港市中考英语真题（原卷版）
There was an old oak tree in the garden. Holly’sfather wanted to cut it down and build a new office there. Holly felt sad anddidn’t agree. She moved into the old tree house which was her favourite place in the world.One day, it rained all night.
2022年江苏省徐州市中考英语真题（原卷版）
Dudiscovered his interest in folding paper in his childhood. After Du went tocollege in 2017, he had enough time to take the hobby seriously. He learnedfolding from online teachers and experts. Later he copied patterns from books.He spent almost three years improving his basic skills by making copies ofother artists’ designs. Then he made his own creations.
2022年江苏省泰州市中考英语真题（原卷版）
Shuttlecock exercise doesnot require equipment(装备) and is perfect for people to perform at home.Liu Genghong helps you to keep going until the last minute, and you can burnyour fat fast.
2022年江苏省无锡市中考英语真题（原卷版）
Studying is not always the most interesting taskwithin your day, but it is a necessary one. Even though it is required,everyone has got bored at one time or another while studying.
2022年江苏省苏州市中考英语真题（原卷版）
We’re leaving Qinghai Station. The scenery alongthe way is some of the wildest in all of China. Keep your eyes open as we racethrough this beautiful land. You might see a rare Tibetan antelope（藏羚羊）fromyour window.
2022年江苏省常州市中考英语真题（原卷版）
At 9 a.m. , he drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xi’an, ShaanxiProvince, to teach students about Shaanxi kuaiban. It is a traditional Chineseform of storytelling to the rhythm(节奏) of bamboo clappers(响板), whichthe art form is named after. Sometimes, he helps students prepare forcompetitions. Usually, his classes run until about 6. p.m. , and then hereturns home to prepare classes for the next day.