Step 3 Meaning1. 过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用在宾语从句中。一般由“would/should +动词原形”构成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。2. was/were going to+动词原形: 表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作, 常用于口语中, 表示预言、意图或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期开始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用来表示即将发生的动作, “刚要/正要做……”。注意该结构不与任何时间状语连用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾计划做某事”, 如果表示“本来计划做某事, 动作没实现”, 则需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她说她本来想告诉我关于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等动词的过去进行时: 表示就过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。She was coming later. 她随后就来。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我刚穿上外套要去看我的一个朋友。
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who,其意思是问,对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
2. 您能看到, 我头发太长了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 无论什么时候, 只要您想回来就回来。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您仅有很少的头发要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 为您服务是我的荣幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.报纸报道说有一百多人在暴风雨中丧生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时,以及by、before后面接过去的时间时,主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10岁前就已经被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生产了好几吨大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引导的定语从句中,主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虚拟语气中,条件句表示与过去事实相反,且主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一点得到他的指示,我早就完成这项任务了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快点的话,我就不会误了火车。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚会,你就会见到他的。
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2.动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动词ing②名词所有格+动词ing③代词宾格+动词ing④名词+动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗?无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了,他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
本节内容是复数的三角表示,是复数与三角函数的结合,是对复数的拓展延伸,这样更有利于我们对复数的研究。1.数学抽象:利用复数的三角形式解决实际问题;2.逻辑推理:通过课堂探究逐步培养学生的逻辑思维能力;3.数学建模:掌握复数的三角形式;4.直观想象:利用复数三角形式解决一系列实际问题;5.数学运算:能够正确运用复数三角形式计算复数的乘法、除法;6.数据分析:通过经历提出问题—推导过程—得出结论—例题讲解—练习巩固的过程,让学生认识到数学知识的逻辑性和严密性。复数的三角形式、复数三角形式乘法、除法法则及其几何意义旧知导入:问题一:你还记得复数的几何意义吗?问题二:我们知道,向量也可以由它的大小和方向唯一确定,那么能否借助向量的大小和方向这两个要素来表示复数呢?如何表示?
(六)说教学策略1.专题性海量的媒介信息必须加以选择或者整合,以项目为依据,进行信息筛选,形成专题性阅读与交流;培养学生对文本信息“化零为整”的能力,提升跨媒介阅读与交流学习的充实感。2.情境化情境教学应指向学生的应用,建构富有符合时代气息的内容,与生活经验更加贴合,对学生的语言建构与运用有所提升,在情境中能够有效地进行交流。3.任务化以任务为导向的序列化学习,可以为学生构建学习路线图、学习框架等具体任务引导;或以跨媒介的认识与应用为任务的设置引导;甚至以阅读和交流作为序列化安排的实践引导。4.整合性跨媒介阅读与交流是结合线上线下的资源,形成新的“超媒介”,也能实现对信息进行“深加工”,多种媒介的信息整合只为一个核心教学内容服务。5.互文性语言文字是语文之生命,我们是立足于语言文字的探讨,音乐、图像、视频等文本与传统语言文字文本形成互文,触发学生对学习内容立体化和具体化的感悟,提升学生的审美能力。
本节课在已学幂函数、指数函数、对数函数的增长方式存在很大差异.事实上,这种差异正是不同类型现实问题具有不同增长规律的反应.而本节课重在研究不同函数增长的差异.课程目标1.掌握常见增长函数的定义、图象、性质,并体会其增长的快慢.2.理解直线上升、对数增长、指数爆炸的含义以及三种函数模型的性质的比较,培养数学建模和数学运算等核心素养.数学学科素养1.数学抽象:常见增长函数的定义、图象、性质;2.逻辑推理:三种函数的增长速度比较;3.数学运算:由函数图像求函数解析式;4.数据分析:由图象判断指数函数、对数函数和幂函数;5.数学建模:通过由抽象到具体,由具体到一般的数形结合思想总结函数性质.重点:比较函数值得大小;难点:几种增长函数模型的应用.教学方法:以学生为主体,采用诱思探究式教学,精讲多练。教学工具:多媒体。
本节课是新版教材人教A版普通高中课程标准实验教科书数学必修1第四章第4.4.1节《对数函数的概念》。对数函数是高中数学在指数函数之后的重要初等函数之一。对数函数与指数函数联系密切,无论是研究的思想方法方法还是图像及性质,都有其共通之处。相较于指数函数,对数函数的图象亦有其独特的美感。学习中让学生体会在类比推理,感受图像的变化,认识变化的规律,这是提高学生直观想象能力的一个重要的过程。为之后学习数学提供了更多角度的分析方法。培养学生逻辑推理、数学直观、数学抽象、和数学建模的核心素养。1、理解对数函数的定义,会求对数函数的定义域;2、了解对数函数与指数函数之间的联系,培养学生观察问题、分析问题和归纳问题的思维能力以及数学交流能力;渗透类比等基本数学思想方法。3、在学习对数函数过程中,使学生学会认识事物的特殊性与一般性之间的关系,培养数学应用的意识,感受数学、理解数学、探索数学,提高学习数学的兴趣。
本节课选自《普通高中课程标准实验教科书数学必修1》5.6.2节 函数y=Asin(ωx+φ)的图象通过图象变换,揭示参数φ、ω、A变化时对函数图象的形状和位置的影响。通过引导学生对函数y=sinx到y=Asin(ωx+φ)的图象变换规律的探索,让学生体会到由简单到复杂、由特殊到一般的化归思想;并通过对周期变换、相位变换先后顺序调整后,将影响图象变换这一难点的突破,让学生学会抓住问题的主要矛盾来解决问题的基本思想方法;通过对参数φ、ω、A的分类讨论,让学生深刻认识图象变换与函数解析式变换的内在联系。通过图象变换和“五点”作图法,正确找出函数y=sinx到y=Asin(ωx+φ)的图象变换规律,这也是本节课的重点所在。提高学生的推理能力。让学生感受数形结合及转化的思想方法。发展学生数学直观、数学抽象、逻辑推理、数学建模的核心素养。
本节课选自《普通高中课程标准数学教科书-必修一》(人教A版)第三章《函数的概念与性质》,本节课是第2课时,本节课主要学习函数的三种表示方法及其简单应用,进一步加深对函数概念的理解。课本从引进函数概念开始就比较注重函数的不同表示方法:解析法,图象法,列表法.函数的不同表示方法能丰富对函数的认识,帮助理解抽象的函数概念.特别是在信息技术环境下,可以使函数在形与数两方面的结合得到更充分的表现,使学生通过函数的学习更好地体会数形结合这种重要的数学思想方法.因此,在研究函数时,要充分发挥图象的直观作用.课程目标 学科素养A.在实际情景中,会根据不同的需要选择恰当的方法(解析式法、图象法、列表法)表示函数;B.了解简单的分段函数,并能简单地应用;1.数学抽象:函数解析法及能由条件求函数的解析式;2.逻辑推理:求函数的解析式;
客观世界中的各种各样的运动变化现象均可表现为变量间的对应关系,这种关系常常可用函数模型来描述,并且通过研究函数模型就可以把我相应的运动变化规律.课程目标1、能够找出简单实际问题中的函数关系式,初步体会应用一次函数、二次函数、幂函数、分段函数模型解决实际问题; 2、感受运用函数概念建立模型的过程和方法,体会一次函数、二次函数、幂函数、分段函数模型在数学和其他学科中的重要性. 数学学科素养1.数学抽象:总结函数模型; 2.逻辑推理:找出简单实际问题中的函数关系式,根据题干信息写出分段函数; 3.数学运算:结合函数图象或其单调性来求最值. ; 4.数据分析:二次函数通过对称轴和定义域区间求最优问题; 5.数学建模:在具体问题情境中,运用数形结合思想,将自然语言用数学表达式表示出来。 重点:运用一次函数、二次函数、幂函数、分段函数模型的处理实际问题;难点:运用函数思想理解和处理现实生活和社会中的简单问题.
本节课选自《普通高中课程标准实验教科书数学必修1本(A版)》的第五章的4.5.3函数模型的应用。函数模型及其应用是中学重要内容之一,又是数学与生活实践相互衔接的枢纽,特别在应用意识日益加深的今天,函数模型的应用实质是揭示了客观世界中量的相互依存有互有制约的关系,因而函数模型的应用举例有着不可替代的重要位置,又有重要的现实意义。本节课要求学生利用给定的函数模型或建立函数模型解决实际问题,并对给定的函数模型进行简单的分析评价,发展学生数学建模、数学直观、数学抽象、逻辑推理的核心素养。1. 能建立函数模型解决实际问题.2.了解拟合函数模型并解决实际问题.3.通过本节内容的学习,使学生认识函数模型的作用,提高学生数学建模,数据分析的能力. a.数学抽象:由实际问题建立函数模型;b.逻辑推理:选择合适的函数模型;c.数学运算:运用函数模型解决实际问题;
本节内容来自人教版高中数学必修一第一章第一节集合第二课时的内容。集合论是现代数学的一个重要基础,是一个具有独特地位的数学分支。高中数学课程是将集合作为一种语言来学习,在这里它是作为刻画函数概念的基础知识和必备工具。本小节内容是在学习了集合的含义、集合的表示方法以及元素与集合的属于关系的基础上,进一步学习集合与集合之间的关系,同时也是下一节学习集合间的基本运算的基础,因此本小节起着承上启下的关键作用.通过本节内容的学习,可以进一步帮助学生利用集合语言进行交流的能力,帮助学生养成自主学习、合作交流、归纳总结的学习习惯,培养学生从具体到抽象、从一般到特殊的数学思维能力,通过Venn图理解抽象概念,培养学生数形结合思想。
它位于三角函数与数学变换的结合点上,能较好反应三角函数及变换之间的内在联系和相互转换,本节课内容的地位体现在它的基础性上。作用体现在它的工具性上。前面学生已经掌握了两角和与差的正弦、余弦、正切公式以及二倍角公式,并能通过这些公式进行求值、化简、证明,虽然学生已经具备了一定的推理、运算能力,但在数学的应用意识与应用能力方面尚需进一步培养.课程目标1.能用二倍角公式推导出半角公式,体会三角恒等变换的基本思想方法,以及进行简单的应用. 2.了解三角恒等变换的特点、变换技巧,掌握三角恒等变换的基本思想方法. 3.能利用三角恒等变换的技巧进行三角函数式的化简、求值以及证明,进而进行简单的应用. 数学学科素养1.逻辑推理: 三角恒等式的证明; 2.数据分析:三角函数式的化简; 3.数学运算:三角函数式的求值.
(4)“不论m取何实数,方程x2+2x-m=0都有实数根”是全称量词命题,其否定为“存在实数m0,使得方程x2+2x-m0=0没有实数根”,它是真命题.解题技巧:(含有一个量词的命题的否定方法)(1)一般地,写含有一个量词的命题的否定,首先要明确这个命题是全称量词命题还是存在量词命题,并找到其量词的位置及相应结论,然后把命题中的全称量词改成存在量词,存在量词改成全称量词,同时否定结论.(2)对于省略量词的命题,应先挖掘命题中隐含的量词,改写成含量词的完整形式,再依据规则来写出命题的否定.跟踪训练三3.写出下列命题的否定,并判断其真假:(1)p:?x∈R,x2-x+ ≥0;(2)q:所有的正方形都是矩形;(3)r:?x∈R,x2+3x+7≤0;(4)s:至少有一个实数x,使x3+1=0.【答案】见解析【解析】(1) p:?x∈R,x2-x+1/4<0.∵?x∈R,x2-x+1/4=(x"-" 1/2)^2≥0恒成立,∴ p是假命题.