4、学习全词:(1)背景介绍,让学生看课文中的年代,然后让学生回忆1925年的毛泽东的情况,老师适当提示,让学生了解其背景。(出示幻灯片)(2)学生自由朗读,结合注释和背景理解诗词。(3)师生共同理解全词①先让学生齐读前三句,思考正确的语序,并用正常的语序解释。②品味第三到第十句,这里是教学的一个重点,要让学生先读,再理解,在此基础上训练学生的想象能力。③分析上阙中的最后三句。④小结上阙。提出了一个问题“谁主沉浮”让学生在文中找内容回答,然后转入下阙内容的分析。⑤分析下阙内容,回答“谁主沉浮”的问题,突出本文主旨5、描绘诗词形象:学生用自己的语言把上阙的内容生动地描绘出来。6、欣赏学生优秀作品。(根据时间具体而定,也可以作为课后作业)
四、教学方法和学法。课前学生搜集有关《诗经》的资料必不可少。另外,时隔数千年,年代久远,文字的障碍很大,然而,过分纠缠于文字的疏通会破坏诗歌的“气”,丧失诗歌的“神”,所以在学习时,应舍去条分缕析的理论评价,指导学生结合注释疏通文字,然后引领他们经由文字再现形象和事件,经由形象和事件领略情感,感受其中浓浓的诗情。诵读的环节是重要的,配以二胡独奏《长相思》,营造意境,学生沉浸在音乐营造的意境中反复吟咏,读出节奏,读出音调,读出感情,细细体味,让或优或喜的情愫萦绕心间,我们就触到了先民的灵魂。比兴手法为《诗经》独创,重章叠句同样别致而新鲜,教学过程中结合具体语境让学生自己去发现并进行讨论,不搞枯燥的知识传授。还引入讲故事、改写两种活泼的学习形式,从而达到加深理解的目的。
3、拓展延伸,启迪心智,创设课堂训练营。三、说学法1、纸上得来终觉浅,圈点、勾画、批注法,学好文言基本功。2、自主合作加探究,眼耳口脑手并用,破疑解难在其中。四、说课时安排《鸿门宴》篇幅较长,文言知识较丰富,文章内涵丰厚,因此我设计用五课时教学本文。第一课时:了解作家作品,积累文言知识,感受作者隐忍发愤的著书精神(初读)第二课时:理清故事情节,概括人物形象,学习客观地评论历史人物,(熟读)第三课时:进一步梳理文言知识,精读课文,要求读透。(精读)第四课时:通过对人物、事件的赏析,加深学生对人物的理解,锻炼学生的开放性思维,由学生自主认识到人物的性格,悲剧的原因等问题。(赏读)第五课时:补充课本教学内容:同学生一起阅读古今关于刘邦项羽的一些篇章:让学生投入进来,把握自己眼中的项羽。(展读)在文言文学习的过程中,采取五步学习法:初读-熟读-精读-赏读-展读(板书)
一.教材理解教材地位与作用:本单元“阅读与鉴赏”部分,本单元要求学生能在了解诗歌创作的时代背景的情况下通过反复诵读诗歌,把握其中丰富的意象,领悟诗歌独特的意境和诗人所要表达的情感。《雨巷》是现代派大师戴望舒的成名作和前期的代表作,他曾因此而赢得了“雨巷诗人”的雅号。本单元以《雨巷》为例子给学生展示了象征主义诗歌的特点,《雨巷》运用了象征性的抒情手法。诗中那狭窄阴沉的雨巷,在雨巷中徘徊的独行者,以及那个像丁香一样结着愁怨的姑娘,都是象征性的意象。这些意象又共同构成了一种象征性的意境,含蓄地暗示出作者即迷惘感伤又有期待的情怀,并给人一种朦胧而又幽深的美感。富于音乐性是《雨巷》的另一个突出的艺术特色。诗中运用了复沓、叠句、重唱等手法,造成了回环往复的旋律和宛转悦耳的乐感。因此我把本课的教学重点和难点确定为:教学重点:通过反复诵读,领略诗歌的音乐美以及分析其成因教学难点:分析意象以及其象征意义初步掌握鉴赏诗歌的方法
[教学反思]人教版高中语文必修二第三单元安排了《兰亭集序》《赤壁赋》《游褒禅山记》三篇古代山水游记散文,它们借游赏之事,探索生命的意义、治学的道理。师者,所以传道、授业、解惑也。高中的教材选用的都是历史经典名篇,每一篇都闪烁着儒道释等百家光辉的思想。编者要老师传道的意图很明显。即非如此,看着这些影响历代、影响世界的如日月之耀眼光华的伟大思想就躺在我们的教科书里,又如何能不讲呢?所以,我将本课的教学重难点拟定为:帮助学生建立积极的生死观,掌握多角度看问题的正确的思想方法。当然,也让学生领会了融写景、抒情、说理于一炉的大家手法。整堂课各教学环节,环环相扣,过渡自然,读、思、议、写训练到位,而且全部围绕“生死观”展开,如一篇形散神不散的散文。
学法指导:高一学生对文言文阅读已具备了一些基础知识和积累,但对如何学习文言文,还是一个新课题,因此教师应引导学生掌握学习方法,运用已有的知识框架同化新信息,建立新的智能,逐步走向独立学习的境界。一、引导学生利用课文注释,使用工具书自己翻译,必要时教师进行点拨、解难,培养自学能力。二、告诉学生翻译文言文要遵循的原则。三、调动学生思考、讨论、交流的积极性,教师适时点拨,培养学生发现问题、解决问题的能力。四、提示学生反复诵读课文,体会文章所阐述的道理。五、鼓励学生及时归纳学习文言文的方法,注意积累文言文知识。教学程序:教学本课可安排2课时。第一课时:1、导入新课:首先给学生介绍毛泽东的七绝诗《为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照》:“暮色苍茫看劲松,乱云飞渡仍从容。天生一个仙人洞,无限风光在险峰。”学生通过诵读领会了“无限风光在险峰”一句的含义。随后因势利导,引出课题,指出今天我们要学习的王安石的《游褒禅山记》,就含有类似的深邃哲理。
一. 教材分析1. 本单元的中心话题是“计算机(Computers)”,内容涉及计算机的发展历史,计算机的应用等。本节课是该单元的第一课时,我将Warming up, Pre-reading and Comprehending这四部分整合为一节精读课。其中。Reading部分是题为WHO AM I?的文章,以第一人称的拟人手法介绍了计算机发长演变的历史和计算机在各个领域的应用,其主旨是表达计算机的发展变化之快以及在生活中用途之广。而Warming up部分以图片的形式展现了计算机的发展历程;Pre-reading中的问题和排序分别是为了预测语篇的内容和测试学生对计算机历史了解的情况;Comprehending则通过各项练习训练学生的阅读技能,从而加深对文章的理解。可见这几部分是一个有机的整体。2. 教学目标:1) 语言目标:重点词汇及短语:abacus, calculate, calculator, PC, laptop, PDA, robot, analytical, technological, universal, mathematical, artificial, intelligent, network, explore, in common, as a result.重点句子:a. My real father was Alan Turing, who in 1963 wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and build a “universal machine” to solve any mathematical problem.
When it comes to the students’ studying methods, I'd like to introduce my Ss first. The Ss have a good command of basic language points. They’re interested in learning English, and they take an active part in English class, so they will have fun in autonomous, cooperative and inquiry learning. I will just serve as a guide, showing them the way to explore how to make more progress in their English learning.Now it’s time for the most important stage of this lesson. My teaching procedures are arranged as follows:Step1.Leading-in (3 minute)Play a video of a wide variety of wildlife to introduce my topic. Step2. Speaking (12 minutes)We will use our textbook Page25. Let the Ss fast read the short paragraph to warm up. Ask them to talk about the report on some endangered wildlife in China with the dialogue patterns on the screen. Lastly, I will invite some groups to demonstrate their dialogues about saving wildlife in China.Step3.English play (3 minutes)Watch another video in praise of their excellent performance just now. It’s about Jack Chen’s(成龙)and Yang Ziqiong’s wildlife protection.Step4. Listening (twice 13 minutes)This time, I’ll ask the Ss to fill in the blanks of the monologue of the 2 movie stars above. Step5.Discussion (3 minutes)Which would you like to choose to wear, clothes made of cotton, artificial leather or animal skins? Why ?Step6. Summary (3 minutes)1. If there were no wildlife, there wouldn’t exist human beings. If the buying stops, the killing can, too.2. Animals are our friends. To love animals is to love ourselves. Stop hunting, killing and destroying wildlife.3. Let’s live in harmony with all the living things in the world. Step7. Music appreciation (3 minutes)Let the Ss appreciate the song Earth Song by Michael Jackson. Last but not the least, I will show you my blackboard design.
Then I would ask them to think of a funny English or Chinese and tell it to partners. While telling stories, they can use expressions and some acting to help make the story funny. 5 minutes would be given to do this.Those stories they told there will be the material for their writing. Soletting them tell it at first is helpful. And they can make a difference between telling a funny story and writing it down. Generally speaking, it is difficult forstudents to write well because they don’t know what to write and how to write. Asking them to tell their own stories at first can help them come up with what to write.After their telling, I would invite someone to share his/her story with all of us and I would write it down on the blackboard.This example story would be used as a sample to illustrate the format of funny story. Different from a story from teacher or textbook, a story from students can obviously become a interesting material to draw students’ attention.Then I would ask the whole class to put this story into several parts. It might be a little bit difficult for them. So I would ask them to find out whether all the sentences are necessary. After delete some sentences, there are 6 sentences left behind. Then they can easily put them into three parts. After interaction with students, I would teach them the right terms for each part and conclude the format of funny story.This step is the key and difficult point in my lesson. So I mainly usetask-based teaching method in this part and the task for students was divided into several stages. With the separated difficult level, students can find there are usually three parts in writing. They can also learn to write without the unnecessary parts in the process of analyzing. And then I wouldn’t rush to tell them the right terms to them directly. Instead, I would ask them to name them by their own. A confused mind is better for acquiring knowledge.While-writing:Then I would give students 7 minutes to write down this story, without other requirements.With all the preparations in pre-writing, students’ difficulties were cleared. So it would be much easier for them to write down the story within 7 minutes. There are no other requirements because students’ first writing is actually a drafting. It would be revise and edit several times later. Writing, as a skill
The oldest and the most popular park in the worldenjoy the exciting activities thereget close to the life-size cartoon characters like Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck Step 3 Pre-reading1.What do you suppose a theme park is ?2.What do you think you can see in a theme park?(1.It is a kind of amusement park which has a certain theme – that the whole park is based on. 2.buildings, castles, statues, rare animals and birds, and so on.) Step 4 Reading ----- Theme Parks –---- Fun and More Than Fun1.Predict : Read the title and the pictures on P. 34 and PredictWhat is the meaning of the title “Theme Park – Fun and more than fun”?(The title means that theme parks are fun to visit, but that they can also be educational and can offer useful information.)2.Skimming Fast read and answer:What activities can we take in a theme park?Amusement park: Bumper car Merry-go-round slide bungee jumping Free-fall rides Horror films Pirate ship Ferris wheel roller coaster3.Scanning Read again and you will find various theme parks are mentioned in the passage . Then what are they ?Theme parks: Sports theme park History theme park Culture theme park Marine or Ocean theme Park Future park Science theme park Disneyland4.Careful reading and find the main idea of each paragraph:THEME PARKS---- entertaining/ educationalPara.1 Traditional parks are places to go for relaxation and to have time away from our busy lives.Para.2 Theme parks are different They’re large and full of things to do, see and buy.Para.3 Theme parks are built around a single idea or theme. One example is a sports park.Para.4 Another kind of theme park is historical more and cultural and can be educational.Para.5 Disneylandwas the first theme park. It is based on the fantasy life and characters of Disney’s films.Para.6 Some examples of educational theme parks include sea world parks and science parks.
Knowledge objectives:(1) to make Ss grasp the usage of words, expressions and sentence structures: statistics, struggle, thanks to, rid of, some patterns for persuasion, the “ing” form as subject and object;(2)to use learnt knowledge to persuade sb.Ability objectives:(1) to develop Ss’ reading skills(skimming, scanning, word guessing);(2) to improve Ss’ speaking, communicating and cooperating skills.Emotional objectives:to make Ss know the contribution of Yuan,and learn his spirit and his simple life time.Teaching important and difficult points:(1) some words, expressions and sentence structures mentioned above;(2)the content of the text;(3)training their reading and speaking skills.Teaching methods: CLT, TBLT,QT.Learning strategies: CLS, QLS, TBLS.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in: (1) teacher plays a piece of recent news from CCTV about the harvest of the super hybrid rice, and ask students whether they know Yuan or not, and talk about him and his contribution.(2)Brain storm: let Ss describe Yuan in their minds including his appearance, his living condition and so on.Step 2 fast reading tasks:(1)teacher introduces Yuan and super hybrid rice(2)make Ss read the text as fast as possible with questions. Such as: what’s the general ideaof this passage? What’s Yuan’ dream? (skimming and scanning skill)Step 3 intensive reading tasks(1)let Ss read the text silently, find topic sentence of each paragraph and draw the difficult sentences and the knowledge what they don’t understand.(words guessing)(2)teacher and Ss talk about the important words, expressions and sentences together, and ask Ss to retell the content of the text.(summarizing and paraphrasing)(3)teacher summarize this part.(4) read again following the courseware.
(二)分析课文,理清思路第1、2段为第一部分,主要是叙事、写景,先叙述集会的时间、地点,然后渲染出兰亭优美的自然环境。在这里足以“游目骋怀”“极视听之娱”,可以自由地观察、思考,满足人们目视耳闻的需求。这里正是与会“畅叙幽情”、尽兴尽欢的绝好处所。这些描写都富有诗情画意,作者的情感是轻松愉快的。第3、4段为第二部分,主要是抒情、议论,作者由美景妙时引发出乐与忧、生与死的感慨。他认为人生的快乐是有极限的,待快乐得到满足时,就会感觉兴味索然。往事转眼间便成为历史,人到了生命的尽头就会死亡。作者由“一死生为虚诞,齐彭殇为妄作”的认识,产生了一种珍惜时间、眷恋生活、热爱文明的思考。虽然文中的寿夭、生死不能自由决定,从而有些伤感,但作者仍然认识到盛衰、生死是必然的。人生无常,时不我待,故著文留传后世,以承袭前人,启示来者。
请一位朗诵水平较好的学生,有感情的朗读课文12自然段,其他同学完成一项任务:这一段可否去掉?为什么?学生思考、圈画、交流、讨论,然后小组发言,其他小组补充,教师从旁予以点拨,引导学生进一步明确作者的思想情感。明确:作者要创造一种文化氛围,于自然气息之外再添一重文化气息,与“故都”题旨暗合。从行文章法上看,这里是宕开文笔,纵横议论,显出深厚的文化底蕴和开阔的思路。这一段采用议论,通过古今中外的引证,说明感秋处处有,中国文人最突出,而秋“深味”非在中国北方莫属,这其实还是为了突出故都之秋。(设计意图:提高学生探究的能力,充分把握本文的教学内容,深刻体悟作者的情感,了解作者对秋的礼赞情感,从而突破教学难点。)
大家好,今天我说课的内容是人教版义务教育课程标准实验教科书数学一年级上册第五单元中的《加减混合》。一、教材分析(一)教学内容及重点难点与上一节课学习的连加、连减相同,加减混合也是由两个计算步骤构成的一个连续的口算过程,但不同的是对于一年级学生来说既要记住第一步计算结果,又要在第二步计算时应对跟第一步不同的运算方法有一定的难度。所以掌握加减混合运算过程是本课的重点和难点之一。 另一方面,教材有意地呈现了对比性很强的两组情境图帮助学生学习,情境图既有现实性和趣味性,又能直观地展示加减混合算式的计算过程和算理,充分体现数学来源于生活,又巧妙地利用生活经验来理解数学知识。但是教材是第一次出现组合型的情境图,学生对图中原来物体的个数很难理解,所以如何指导学生学会看这种组合型的情境图也是本节课教学的另一重难点。
五、说学情小学六年级的学生已具备初步的逻辑思维能力,但仍以形象思维为主,教材在小学中年级的数学教学中,已经逐渐借助推理与知识迁移来完成,并结合教材挖掘、创造条件开始渗透数形结合思想。进入中高年级后,学生逻辑思维能力已有一定发展,为了使学生更直观的理解知识,同时又满足学生逻辑思维能力的发展,因此本节教材在编排上体现了先“数”后“形”的顺序,把形象真正放在“支撑”地位,从而为培养学生的逻辑能力而服务。六、说教法学法为了在教学过程中充分体现学生的主体地位和教师的主导作用,本节采用教师引导和学生自主学习相结合的方法,培养学生积极探索和团结协作的精神,同时采用PPT课件直观形象的演示功能,强化理解,突破重点、难点并调动学生的学习积极性。1.将问题直接呈现在学生面前,引导学生对题目的内容进行理解,在明确了题目的要求之后,教师把时间还给学生,引导学生自主思考问题,通过具体形象教具的支撑帮助学生发展规律。2.利用小组合作学习,在合作交流中通过看一看,议一议,借助直观教具发现理解规律。3.利用微课对差生进行“补学”。在学生探究汇报之后,针对学习有困难的学生利用微课视频直观巩固知识。
第一个板块是“脑筋急转弯”,激发学习兴趣。目的有两个:一是拉近与学生的距离,二是为本节课做铺垫。第二板块是自主探究,优化策略。这一部分内容通过“操作感悟——抽象内化——巩固应用”三个片段,使学生在教师的点拨引导下,沿以下四个步骤:“一张和两张饼的烙法(基础)→三张饼的最佳烙法(难点)→双数饼、单数饼的烙法(提升)→最佳方案、双数饼:两张两张烙;单数饼:两张两张烙+最后3张饼交叉烙(优化)进行探究。1、探索烙3张饼的最少时间是本节课的重点也是难点,优化的数学思想只能是“渗透”而不能“明透”,也就是说只能让学生在潜移默化的过程中理解,而不能仅仅靠传授。因此,本课中蓄势----为探索最佳方法打基础的方法,自认为运用得恰到好处。例如,围绕“烙2张饼最少要花6分,为什么烙1张饼与2张饼所用的时间一样多呢?你们是怎么想的?”这个问题,让学生体会烙2张饼是用足了空间,而烙1张饼浪费了空间和时间,为探索烙3张饼埋下了伏笔。
(五)课前准备: 1、铺垫:让学生和家长一起收集历代有关合理安排的故事。 2、教具准备:圆形卡片、工序卡片、记录表格和多媒体课件等。 学具准备:让学生以小组为单位制作好图形卡片和工序卡片。 二、说教法和学法 在教学方法上,为了使学生能轻松、愉快地理解优化思想,根据学生的认知特点和规律,在本课的设计中,我使用了演示法和实验法,通过课件的情境演示和实物的操作为学生创设情境,让学生独立思考,然后动手操作,互相交流,最后找出最优方案的方式组织教学。 在学法方面,我设计了一系列贴近学生生活实际和年龄特点的教学活动,在这些活动中,着重以引导学生运用自主探究、合作探究两种学习方式交替学习,让他们真正以课堂的身份参与全程。并培养他们收集数据和分析处理数据的能力。
人民币的简单计算是在对人民币的认识后,是人民币的再进一步的认识。本节课的主要知识点主要有三个:一人民币单位间的换算、二进行简单的计算,三是知道商品价格的表示形式。同时通过这节课的学习,逐渐培养交往和社会实践能力,体会人民币在社会生活商品交换中的作用。为了达成以上的一些目标我是这样设计这节课。一、从学生经验入手直接引入商品价格,在学生回忆商品价格的表示方法中,唤醒学生的思绪,使学生觉得在所学的知识与实际生活的联系。让学生体验到数学与日常生活的密切联系。二、在操作中完成进率的换算。进率的换算在教学是一个重点也是难点,为此我在教学上通过不同的的付钱方法,深刻体会,这样的教学让说不清的关系,在操作讲解中得以内化。学生学了也不易忘记。
用米作单位,用分数怎么表示呢?(1/10米)师:1/10米也可以写成0.1米。师:请同学们看米尺,从0到30,从0到70,应该是几分米,十分之几米?用小数怎样表示呢?可先和同桌商量商量。学生同桌讨论后反馈师根据反馈结果提问:请同学观察一下1/10米和0.1米,3/10米和0.3米,7/10米和0.7米之间有什么关系?随学生的回答出示1/10米=0.1米 3/10米=0.3米 7/10米=0.7米。再让学生观察上面的等式,四人小组讨论你发现了什么?使学生通过讨论明确:分母是10的分数可以写成一位小数,一位小数表示十分之几。2、 认识两位小数 、三位小数师:我们已经知道了一位小数表示十分之几,那么请同学猜一猜两位小数与什么样的分数有关?三位小数与什么样的分数有关?(具体的步骤和前面相似)让学生根据一位小数表示十分之几,猜想出两位小数和什么样的分数有关?有意识地促进“迁移”,使学生在学会的同时学习能力也得到提高。关于计数单位的教学我个人认为还是放到52页小数数位顺序表这里教学比较妥当。
3、同学们,你们看今天老师带来了什么?(出示一个学生喜欢的玩具)这是昨天老师去商店时买的,猜猜看,这个需要多少钱?(学生猜,教师可提示,最后得出正确标价)今天我们也来开个小小商店玩一玩买卖商品的游戏,想玩吗?4、选营业员及经理。我觉得当营业员最重要的是精通业务,计算能力强。谁想来当?(等学生举手后,教师选出4人。)考虑到我们呆会儿买的人会比较多,每个柜台一个营业员忙不过来,我还准备再选4名商店经理,做好以下几项工作:1)做好接待服务工作,顾客有困难能主动帮助。2)做好买卖过程中的组织工作,让大家有秩序地买商品。3)当营业员计算碰到困难时,两人能商量着解决。觉得自己能做到以上三点的同学可举手参加竞选。(学生举手后,选出4名经理)