教学目标1、通过教学,学生懂得应用加法运算定律可以使一些分数计算简便,会进行分数加法的简便计算.2、培养学生仔细、认真的学习习惯.3、培养学生观察、演绎推理的能力.教学重点整数加法运算定律在分数加法中的应用,并使一些分数加法计算简便.教学难点整数加法运算定律在分数加法中的应用,并使一些分数加法计算简便.教学过程设计一、复习准备(演示课件:整数加法运算定律推广到分数加法)下载1.教师:整数加法的运算定律有哪几个?用字母怎样表示?板书:a+b=b+a(a+b)+c=a+(b+c)2.下面各等式应用了什么运算定律?①25+36=36+25 ②(17+28)+72=17+(28+72)③6.2+2.3=2.3+6.2 ④(0.5+1.6)+8.4=0.5+(1.6+8.4)教师:加法交换律和结合律适用于整数和小数,是否也适用于分数加法呢?这节课我们就一起来研究.二、学习新课(继续演示课件:整数加法运算定律推广到分数加法)下载1.出示:下面每组算式的左右两边有什么关系?
一、创设情境,猜想验证1.猜一猜,摸一摸。一盒粉笔若干支,5种不同的颜色。至少摸几支能保证:(1)2支同色的。(2)3支同色的。(3)4支同色的。2.想一想,摸一摸。请学生独立思考后,先在小组内交流自己的想法,再动手操作试一试,验证各自的猜想。在这个过程中,教师要加强巡视,要注意引导学生思考本题与前面所讲的抽屉原理有没有联系,如果有联系,有什么样的联系,应该把什么看成抽屉,要分放的东西是什么。二、观察比较,分析推理1.说一说,在比较中初步感知。2.想一想,在反思中学习推理。三、深入探究,沟通联系四、对比练习,感悟新知1.说一说。把红、黄、蓝、白四种颜色的球各10个放到一个袋子里。至少取多少个球,可以保证取到两个颜色相同的球?2.算一算。向东小学六年级共有370名学生,其中六(2)班有49名学生。请问下面两人说的对吗?为什么?五、总结评价六、布置作业
1、同学们都听说过“曹冲称象”的故事吧!曹冲是怎么称出大象的重量的呢?让我们一起来回顾这一过程。2、曹冲是把大象的重量转换成了什么的重量呢?【他是把大象的重量转换成了与它重量相等的石头的重量】因为当时没有那么大的称能直接称出大象的重量,所以曹冲就用石头的重量代换了大象的重量,称出了石头的重量也就知道了大象的重量。3、同学们,你们大概还不知道吧,曹冲确实非常了不起,他运用了一种重要的数学思考方法——等量代换。【板书:数学广角——等量代换】这节课我们就来学习如何用“等量代换”的方法解决问题。二、引导探究发现规律1、今天这节课,老师给同学们带来了神秘的礼物。猜猜,什么样的孩子能够得到它们?全班?个大组,哪组的成员在参与过程中积极主动,认真动脑思考,遵章守纪,老师就奖励这个组一个青苹果,三个青苹果可以换一个红苹果,两个红苹果可以换取一份神秘的礼物。看看哪个组能得到礼物。有信心吗?老师相信你们是最棒的。
一、初步感知间隔的含义1、请同学们伸出右手,张开,数一数,5个手指之间有几个空格?在数学上,我们把 空格叫做间隔,也就是说,5个手指之间有几个间隔?4个间隔是在几个手指之间?2. 其实,这样的数学问题,在我们的生活中,随处可见。谁能举几个这样的例子3、看图:在画面上我们看到春天桃红柳绿,到处是一派生机勃勃的景象,你们知道吗?3月12日是什么日子,这一天全国上下到处都在植树,为保护环境献出自己的一份力量。 出示图:这里从头到尾栽了几棵树,数一数,它们之间又有几个间隔呢?你发现了什么?谁来说一说?同时板书。4、那你能像这样用一个图表示出来吗?请你们选择一种动手画一画吧!5、汇报:画了8棵树,他们之间有7个间隔数,9棵树之间有8个间隔。……6、你发现植树棵树和间隔数之间有什么规律呢?(自己先想想,再把你的想法和伙伴们互相交流一下)。反馈:谁来说说你的发现?评价:哦,这是你的发现……你还能用一个算式来概括。边板书边说:同学们都发现了从头到尾栽一排树时,植树棵树比间隔数多1,(指表格),也可以写成两端要栽时,植树棵数-间隔数+1,间隔数=植树棵树-1。
1、结合具体生活场景,能运用所学的乘法口诀解决简单的实际问题,通过图与式的对应,进一步理解乘法的意义。 2、能熟练运用口诀进行计算,提高灵活运用口诀解决实际问题的能力。 3、体会数学与实际生活的联系,培养用数学的意识,体验口诀在解决问题中的作用。 运用所学乘法解决简单的实际问题。 结合实际情景理解乘法的意义。 1、口算: 5×2=10 6×2=12 8×5=40 2×7=14 5×9=45 3×5=15 2×6=12 2×9=18 4×2=8 2、谈话导入:在前面的学习中,我们认识了乘法,而且还学习了2和5的乘法口诀。这节课,老师想请同学们用这些跟乘法有关的知识来帮助老师一起解决生活中遇到的问题,一起来看一看吧。快乐休息时间到了,学校的大操场突然热闹起来了,你们一定非常喜欢课件活动吧!看,操场上同学们有的在玩老鹰捉小鸡的游戏,有的在进行乒乓球比赛,有的在跳绳,还有的在踢毽子……真热闹啊!
知识和技能 1.了解人类活动对生物圈影响的几个方面的实例。 2.掌握环境污染的产生及危害。 3.举例说明人类对生物圈中资源的合理利用。 过程与方法 1.能初步学会收集资料,养成良好的学习习惯,能够运用所学知识、技能分析和解决一些身边的生物学问题的能力。 2.培养学生初步具有近一步获取课本以外的生物学信息的能力。 情感、态度与价值观 1.让学生认识到环境保护的重要性,能够以科学的态度去认识生命世界,认同人类活动对生物圈的影响,形成环境保护意识,并使这种意识转变成真正的行动,培养学生保护环境的意识,增强爱国主义思想1.认同人类活动对生物圈的影响,形成环境保护意识 2.做到从实际行动出发保护环境1.采取让学生收集资料,整理资料,解疑
三、教学建议第一课时:1. Lead in (Vocabulary)A) Before class, teacher should collect some pictures of working places. For example: Bank, TV Station, Restaurant, Police Station, Hospital ...B) In class, show students the pictures (PowerPoint, OHP). Ask students to tell the name of the working places and the name of the jobs.Shop assistant, doctor, actor, reporter, police office, waiter, bank clerk, studentC) Do exercise 1a and 3a.2. Bingo GameAsk groups of students to make up pairs of cards with a job on one and the related workplace on the other. For example, waiter / restaurant, teacher / school, doctor / hospital. Encourage students to use both the job / workplace combinations in the book and the ones that students came up during class discussions. Be sure they have twice as many sets of cards as there are students in the group. They can make two sets of cards for a single job / workplace, if necessary. Then have each group mix up its set of cards and hand their cards out in random order. Each time a student gets a pair of cards that match, he or she can lay these cards down. The goal is to have no cards in your hand at the end.3. Task OneA) Ask students to work in pairs and ask the partner what does he / she want to be in the future.e. g. :What do you / does he / does she want to be?I want to be a.Why?Because it's (adj).B) Vocabulary: Section B, 1a4. Homework 1.2.
1 Each group choose one place to describe and what you are doing in it Choose one place, and describe what they are doing 2 Move around the room and give suggestions Talk about it and write it down 3 Ask one to show their works and act it Choose one of each group to make a report 4 Evaluate the best group and the best reporter Choose the best one Homework Ask your friends their ideal place and write about it教学反思:新课程标准中强调学生在课堂中的主体地位,在综合课中他们的主体地位就更加突出。在各个活动中给不同程度的学生不同层次的任务,让各层面的学生都有表现发挥的机会,从而产生对英语的兴趣。使用照片图片多媒体来辅助教学,效果更好。同时让了解其他国家风景,风俗的同学介绍ideal place,增加学生的背景知知识,实现跨学科交流的目的。教案点评:采用任务型教学模式,在各个活动中给不同程度的学生不同层次的任务,让各层面的学生都有表现发挥的机会,从而产生对英语的兴趣。使用照片图片多媒体来辅助教学,效果更好。让了解其他国家风景,风俗的同学介绍ideal place,增加学生的背景知识,实现跨学科交流的目的。
Teaching Goal:1. General aims:Talk about recent past events2. Particular aims:A. Language Focus.Talk about recent past events and think of the past events.B. Language goalsHow was….?It was …What did …do over the weekend?C. Language structures:(1). How was your weekend? I was great. Pay attention to no form.(2). What did you do over the weekend? I played soccer. We went to the beach.D. Useful words and phrases:Words: was, did, went, beach, over, project, test, wasn’t, false, number, geography, spend, week, most, mixture, their, had, little, cook, read, saw, change, everyone, sit, sat, no, anythingPhrases: did one’s homework, played soccer, cleaned my room, went to the beach, played tennis, went to the movies, on Saturday morning, over the weekend, cook … for, what about, do some reading, have a party, talk show, go shoppingE. Grammar language:Present simple past tenseRegular and irregular verbsF. Learning strategies:Tour and holidaysG. Interdiscipinary:H. Emotion and manner:Teaching time: 5 periodsTeaching procedures:Period One教学步骤、时间 教师活动 学生活动 媒体应用Step 1Free talk 3’ Ask some questions like:Who’s on duty today?What’s the weather like? Answer and talk about something.让同学们回答下列问题1. Do you like weekend? (Let some students answer)It takes them three minutes to talk about the question.2. Why do you like weekend? (let the students answer) Most of the students like the weekend此时教师用汉语问:“在周末期间问你干了什么?这句话用英语这么回答?Let the students guess.At last the teacher give them right answer3. What did you do over the weekend?(板书、学习)
所需要用到的句子:Who is that?That is Jack. I like him.Why do you like him?I like him because he is interesting.Task 4: 设计理想中的人类Step one: 设计理想中的人类的外貌。把全班同学分成若干小组,学生可以边说边在纸上画出他们的模样。Step two: 设计理想中人类的性格。学生们可以把那些能描述性格的单词写在图画的旁边。Step three: 每组选出一名同学,其他同组同学提问,他作简单回答,并说明原因。所需用到的句子:What does he or she look like?He or she ...What is he or she like?He or she is ...Why?Because ...Task 5: 挑战性活动调查性格是天生的还是后天形成的,让每个同学回家去调查一下自己成长过程中性格是否有变化,具体是怎样的,为什么会这样? Teaching Aims:1. Enable students to have a general understanding of how to talk about people's physical appearance.2. Enable students to tackle some essential vocabularies and patterns about describing people. Provide them with necessary skills and methods.3. Create various chances for students to describe the persons they're familiar with, such as classmates, family members, teachers, idols, etc.
Period 2 (3a----Section B 2c)Preview(Pre-task): Key points: What laAdd another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardnguage does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Preview(Pre-task): Add another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardKey points: What language does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Step 1 Revision1.Revisionand dictation of the new words 2.Revise the drills they learned yesterday.(by pairwork and grammar exercise)Step 2 Leading-inT has a conversation with one student. The conversation is following:---Do you have a pen pal?---Yes, I do.---What's your pen pal's name? ---His/Her name is....---Where is your pen pal from? ---He/She is from...---Where does he/she live? ---He/She lives in....---What language does he/she speak?He/She speaks...Write the new words on the Bb. They are following: EnglishChineseJapaneseFrenchStep 3 LearnLearn the new words with the whole class.Finish 3a with the students3b Pairwork T still does an example with one student Then the Ss practise in pairs. The example is following:--Curry Muray is my pen pal. He is from the United States.---What language does he speak?
Don’t fight. =You can’t fight. (板书,教读)教师把这些句子板书在黑板上,并请学生大声整齐地读祈使句和“can’t”句型,并让学生注意两种句型表达形式的不同和转换,“Don’t …=You can’t…”;并对学生说:These are our school rules. (板书,教读) You can’t break the school rules. Don’t break the school rules.(板书,教读)步骤3 :Practicea. T: Now, each of the students is breaking one of these rules.Please finish 1a.学生看图,完成1a的内容,检查答案并大声朗读校规。b. 听录音,完成1b,选出四位学生都违反了哪条校规;听之前,学生要读会英文名。c. 请两位学生朗读1c部分的句型;要求学生两人一组对话表演,SA扮演外校转来新生,SB告知本校校规。(学生可经过讨论,多说出他们想到的校规,不必只限于书上;教师应给予帮助)2) 第二课时(2a~4)步骤1 :warming up of revisionT: What are the rules at your school?学生使用“can”或祈使句表达各条校规;其中老师可引出“eat in the cafeteria outside”的表达。步骤2 :Practicea.T: Christina is an exchange student. She doesn’t know the rules. Let’s listen, what activities they’re talking about?学生听第一遍时,完成2a;第二遍时,完成2b;b. 请学生领读2c部分,看着2a完成的表格,理解2c活动的要求;分成小组针对2a进行问答;
教学过程Step 1: warming-up Sing a song---------“food and drink” Step 2: Revision1 Dictation2 Revise: What kind of noodles would you like?I’d like …What size bowl of noodles would you like?I’d like…Step 3: Presentation1 show pictures of food, ask students say the words.2 Students read the newspaper ad in 3a. Fill in blanks with words in the box. Then read the ad together, the teacher explains some difficult language points.3 Check the answers Step 4 PracticeAsk students to finish 3b in the same way according to 3a. Students read the short passage and fill in the blanks .At last, check the answers.Step 5 productionAsk students to write their own ad for dumplings, noodles, drinks, and other foods they know. Then ask students to read their partner’s ad. Then order food and drink from their partner.Step 6 Home workGroup work – make an ad about “food and drink”
2.1Match the country with the language.Step II Reading3a? let the students read the letter fast and answer the questions.? Let the students ask more questions about the letter as possible as the can.Step III Writing3b.Step IV. Pairwork2cStep V Listening2a, 2bStep V. HomeworkExercises book(1) P3Exercises book (2) P3Period FourStep I . Dictate the words and sentences in Unit1.Step II. Self-checkStep III. Check the answers for Exercises book in the unit.Step IV. Home workRevise and preparation for unit 2.教学反思:通过本单元的学习,学生基本可以谈论人们的国籍,居住城市及其所说的语言,通过书信方式去介绍自己并寻找笔友。但在涉及到国外的一些城市时,学生对这方面的知识相对欠缺,能介绍的城市并不多,也反应出学生课前预习不充分,这跟学生学习条件也有关,大多数学生无法通过网络获取所需信息。因此,在以后的教学中要多指导学生通过计算机网络获取信息,拓宽知识面。
五、教学Section B-2c1. Pair work: What do you think of the belt/sunglasses/…? What does your father/mother/… think of your scarf/belt…?2. Group work(1). Teacher shows some different kinds of school uniforms (制服)and asks : “ What do you think of your school uniforms? If you have a chance to choose your school uniforms, what kind would you like to choose?”(2). Discuss in groups.(3).Get some Ss to report in class.说明:这一步旨在让学生运用已有的语言知识谈论对事物的看法和意见,并简单阐明理由,培养学生的主动思维能力和运用英语的能力。六、教学拓展调查电视节目的收视率任务:调查你周围的人对现在各种电视节目的反响。活动过程:1.教师布置任务,让学生调查周围的人(包括他的亲戚朋友和邻居)喜欢收看哪方面的电视节目。2.学生进行调查活动,运用本单元所学的句型What do you think of….? (Why?)What's your favorite game shows?What do you think of talk show?I doesn’t mind it.I like it.I love it.I can’t stand it.3.记录下排在前10位的TV Program,填写调查表,比较其收视率。
句型: Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.Did she go to Central Park?Yes,she did.No, she didn’t语法:一般过去时特殊疑问句、一般疑问句及肯、否定回答。课时安排4课时第一课时:Section A:la,1b,lc,2a,2b,2c 第二课时:Section A:3a,3b,4第三课时:Section B:1,2a,2b,2c第四课时:Section B:3a,3b,3c,4 and Self Check第一课时教学目标掌握描写假期生活的形容词。假期里自己所做事情的简单表达。谈论假期做的事情及当时情况。谈论假期时旅游的天气,旅游者以及食物等。教学过程一、导入播放一首英文歌曲:Let’s travel 说明:通过让学生听节奏欢快迪斯尼英语歌曲Let’s travel.引入本节课谈论的话题vacation and travel. 让歌曲使学生的思维活跃,增强课堂气氛,激发学生提高学习英语的兴趣。T:How is the trip ?Ss : It’s pretty good/ happy/exciting /relaxing/busy/dangerous/ fantastic说明:这个问题是为了操练形容词。建议让多个Ss作答。鼓励他们用不同的形容词。上述个别形容词本应在第二课时中出现,但可以在warming-up中第一次非正式出现。这些形容词也可在老师的评价语中适时出现,以加深学生对词汇的印象。
单元整体说明(一)单元教材分析本单元的核心话题是描述动物和表达个人喜好,以及句式why do you like…? Because…。这也是本单元的教学重点。通过本单元的学习,学生应能较流利地运用所学词汇和句型描述动物,表达个人喜好。(二)单元知识结构1.词汇动物名称 tiger, elephant, koala, dolphin, etc.词汇描述性形容词: smart, cute, ugly, clever, shy, etc.国家名: Australia, South Africa2.句型Why do you like koala hears? Because they are cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(三)单元整体目标1.Master the vocabulary2.Master and use: Why do you like koalas? Because they am cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(四)单元教学重难点一览(五)单元学情分析学生此前已经学过由why, where, what 引导的特殊疑问句句型,具有了学习本单元知识的认知前提。形形色色的动物能激发学生的好奇心,产生了解它们的欲望,这有利于本单元知识的教学和学生学习兴趣的培养。
五、细读诗歌,明确写法1.明确文章写法。这首诗中诗人描写的是自然界的道路,但是同时又暗含着诗人对人生之路的思考。这首诗中的这种写法与《假如生活欺骗了你》中的写法一样吗?为什么?预设 不一样。这首诗中诗人运用了大量形象阐释哲理,运用了许多咏物诗、哲理诗采用的象征手法,耐人寻味。对诗歌创作,弗罗斯特有独具一格的方法与原则,他认为诗歌应“始于愉悦,终于智慧”,应该给人以美的享受和思想上的启迪。从以上的学习中我们可以看出,诗人弗罗斯特用简单的语言、丰富的象征,巧妙地将自己对社会、自然、人生的了解和思考融入丰富的诗歌形象之中,运用人们熟悉又带有神秘色彩的自然场景,向人们阐释人生哲理,向人们展示他理解的人生,以及他对人生、对社会的探索。2.了解象征手法。象征是诗歌创作中经常运用的一种写作方法,诗歌一般都会通过一定的艺术形象,生动鲜明地将主题含蓄地表达出来。
四、品读揣摩诗歌情志1.读出意境画面。师:请同学们以小组为单位,齐声朗读诗歌,然后合作交流,探究下面问题。(1)诗人用了哪些意象来表现晚春景色?诗人用了什么手法来写晚春景物?取得了怎样的艺术效果?(2)诗歌一、二句写出了怎样的晚春景致?请同学们用自己的语言描绘出来。(3)诗的三、四句意蕴深刻,为历代传诵。请从修辞手法的角度对这两句诗进行赏析。(生齐读后,小组交流、讨论问题,师指导明确)预设 (1)诗人用了草树、杨花、榆荚等意象表现晚春景色。一个“斗”字,运用拟人的修辞手法,把花朵人格化,形象生动地写出了晚春时节花草树木争芳斗艳的美丽景象。花草树木仿佛都有了情思,有了个性,成了精灵,使描绘的晚春景致生动而有情趣。
在人物方面,刘慈欣的小说继承了古典科幻小说中的人物塑造规律,即无论是技术专家还是普通人,他们一定要在社会的变革中被推向改变世界的精英舞台。在情感线索方面,刘慈欣与其他新生代作家的主要区别是,他很少将男女关系置于情感的中心位置(虽然他的男女情感写得细腻而成熟)……在他的作品中,科学的诗意永远是一种基本情调。疑难探究如何理解小说中的“我”和小姑娘这两个人物形象?小说的主要人物是“我”与“她”(小姑娘)。“我”是小说的叙事者,也是小说中“行动着”的人,起着串联情节的作用。“我”的性格既有开朗热情的一面,也有灰色伤感的另一面,内心深处的悲悯情怀,使“我”这个形象更加丰满。小姑娘作为地航飞船的领航员,身处险境而不惊恐,不慌乱,还不告诉“我”自己所处的位置,不倾诉自己的郁闷,以大无畏的精神继续坚守岗位,不仅表现出勇敢、乐观、坚韧的品质,更带有一种悲壮的英雄主义色彩。