四、说教学程序(一).温故知新、导入新课复习提问:基因突变导致生物变异的原因是什么?回答:基因突变是基因结构发生改变,从而使遗传信息改变,使蛋白质结构改变、生物性状改变,即生物发生了变异。那么,基因是什么?它和染色体又有何关系?回答:基因是有遗传效应的DNA片断,染色体是DNA的载体,基因在染色体上呈线形排列。引出新知:对于一个生物体来说,正常情况下,其染色体的结构和数量都是稳定的。但在自然条件或人为因素的影响下,染色体的结构和数量均会发生改变,从而导致生物性状的改变,这就属于染色体变异。(二).把握重点、突破难点重点的把握:1、染色体结构的变异播放影片:猫叫综合征幼儿。让学生观察: 患儿哭声轻、音调高,很像猫叫。教师补充: 患儿的征状---两眼较低、耳位低下,存在着严重的智力障碍。阐述病因---染色体片段缺失
Step 7 Language points 1.Vocabulary (1) go through (2) set down (3) a series of (4) on purpose (5) in order to (6)at dusk (7)entirely (8)face to face 2.Important sentences (1)…I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. (2)There was a time when … (3)I stayed awake on purpose until … (4)It was the first time … that I’d seen the night … (5)It’s no pleasure looking through … Purpose: 1.Master the required vocabulary and sentence structures. 2.Use them freely. Step 8 Consolidation 1.Find out the topic sentences 2.Retell the text according to the topic sentences Purpose: I want to know if my students understand the text. Step 9 Discussion Imagine you have to go into hiding like Anne and her family, what would you miss most? Giveyour reasons. Purpose: Train Ss’ oral English ability. Step 10 Homework Write an article on Friends. Purpose: 1. Improve the Ss’ writing ability. 2 Train the Ss’ ability of self—teaching and looking up information by themselves. Part 5 Blackboard design(说板书设计)Unit 1 Friendship Reading Anne’s Best Friend 1.Main idea of each paragraph: Para. 1 Anne made her diary her best friend. Para .2 Anne wrote her feelings in her diary. Para .3 Anne missed nature. Para.4 Anne saw the night face to face Para.5 Anne wanted to experience nature outdoors. 2.Listening: Exx.1 P3 3.Discussion: Exx.3 P3 Purpose: 1.Make Ss familiar with the passage 2.Make the design inductive, instructive and artistic.
一. 教材分析1. 本单元的中心话题是“计算机(Computers)”,内容涉及计算机的发展历史,计算机的应用等。本节课是该单元的第一课时,我将Warming up, Pre-reading and Comprehending这四部分整合为一节精读课。其中。Reading部分是题为WHO AM I?的文章,以第一人称的拟人手法介绍了计算机发长演变的历史和计算机在各个领域的应用,其主旨是表达计算机的发展变化之快以及在生活中用途之广。而Warming up部分以图片的形式展现了计算机的发展历程;Pre-reading中的问题和排序分别是为了预测语篇的内容和测试学生对计算机历史了解的情况;Comprehending则通过各项练习训练学生的阅读技能,从而加深对文章的理解。可见这几部分是一个有机的整体。2. 教学目标:1) 语言目标:重点词汇及短语:abacus, calculate, calculator, PC, laptop, PDA, robot, analytical, technological, universal, mathematical, artificial, intelligent, network, explore, in common, as a result.重点句子:a. My real father was Alan Turing, who in 1963 wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and build a “universal machine” to solve any mathematical problem.
Purpose of my design:To ask the students to do these two tasks will make the Ss predict the story of this passage. As a result, it will deepen Ss’ memory of this story because they will have their own understanding of this story.Step 3. While-readingTask 1. (Individual work _____min)Skimming: ask students to skim the text and the main ideas of each paragraph in this passage. Please read it quickly and then match the sentences with the letters.Task 2. (Individual work _____min)Scanning: read the text quickly and decide the whether the following statements are true or false and give reasons.Task 3. (Pair work _____min)Listen to the tape and fill in the banks. Then read the paragraph with expression to your partner.Task4 (individual work min)Listen to the tape again and write down the main idea in one sentence.Purpose of my design: Enable students to understand the given material better by using different reading skills. And proper competition can arouse the Ss’ interest in English learning. “Task-based” teaching method is used here todevelop the Ss’ ability of communication and also their ability of co-operation will be well trainedStep 4. Post-readingTask 1. (Individual work, pair work, group work, class work; _____min)Discussion (group of 4):1. If you were Hippomenes, would you run against Atlanta?2. Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race? Why or why not?Step 5. HomeworkPlease read the story again carefully after class and imagine: What will happen during the race between Hippomenes and Atlanta? Who do you think will win the race? Do you think Atlanta would marry Hippomenes? Write an end for the story with thses questions.Purpose of my design: Homework is so important and necessary for to master the knowledge they learned after class. It will check whether the Ss achieve the teaching aims.Part 5 Blackboard design
Then I would ask them to think of a funny English or Chinese and tell it to partners. While telling stories, they can use expressions and some acting to help make the story funny. 5 minutes would be given to do this.Those stories they told there will be the material for their writing. Soletting them tell it at first is helpful. And they can make a difference between telling a funny story and writing it down. Generally speaking, it is difficult forstudents to write well because they don’t know what to write and how to write. Asking them to tell their own stories at first can help them come up with what to write.After their telling, I would invite someone to share his/her story with all of us and I would write it down on the blackboard.This example story would be used as a sample to illustrate the format of funny story. Different from a story from teacher or textbook, a story from students can obviously become a interesting material to draw students’ attention.Then I would ask the whole class to put this story into several parts. It might be a little bit difficult for them. So I would ask them to find out whether all the sentences are necessary. After delete some sentences, there are 6 sentences left behind. Then they can easily put them into three parts. After interaction with students, I would teach them the right terms for each part and conclude the format of funny story.This step is the key and difficult point in my lesson. So I mainly usetask-based teaching method in this part and the task for students was divided into several stages. With the separated difficult level, students can find there are usually three parts in writing. They can also learn to write without the unnecessary parts in the process of analyzing. And then I wouldn’t rush to tell them the right terms to them directly. Instead, I would ask them to name them by their own. A confused mind is better for acquiring knowledge.While-writing:Then I would give students 7 minutes to write down this story, without other requirements.With all the preparations in pre-writing, students’ difficulties were cleared. So it would be much easier for them to write down the story within 7 minutes. There are no other requirements because students’ first writing is actually a drafting. It would be revise and edit several times later. Writing, as a skill
Teaching plan for Unit 1 book3Good morning, teachers. It’s my great pleasure to be here because I can share my lesson with you and I can learn a lot from it. I’ll begin my lesson from the following four parts, the teaching material, the teaching methods, the studying methods and the teaching procedure.Firstly, let me talk about the teaching material. The content of my lesson is the reading passage festivals and celebrations of Unit 1 Festivals around the world. This passage is about festivals and celebrations. By studying this passage, we’ll enable the students to know that festivals exit everywhere, and many of festivals in different countries celebrate similar ideas. As we all know, the reading passage is the center of each unit. If the Ss can learn it well, it will be helpful to make the Ss learn the rest of this unit.After studying the teaching material, I think the teaching aims are as the followings:1. Knowledge aims:(1) The Ss can master the usage of the important words andexpressions.(2)The Ss can use the __________________ (grammar) in the proper situation.Make students know about the festivals all over the world and the detail of the festivals, such as origin, content, and the date of the holiday festivals.2. Ability aims:(1) Students can talk about festivals and celebrations in English(2) To improve the student’s reading ability, especially their skimming and scanning ability.3. Emotion aims:Make the Ss know about the foreign festivals, and respect other countries’ custom.Next, let’s come to the important points and the difficult points.The important point is how to make the Ss understand the text better and the difficult point is how can they talk about it. secondly, Teaching Methods:1. task-based Language Teaching2. Computer assisted language teaching.3. question-and–answer methodThirdly, Studying Methods:
Knowledge objectives:(1) to make Ss grasp the usage of words, expressions and sentence structures: statistics, struggle, thanks to, rid of, some patterns for persuasion, the “ing” form as subject and object;(2)to use learnt knowledge to persuade sb.Ability objectives:(1) to develop Ss’ reading skills(skimming, scanning, word guessing);(2) to improve Ss’ speaking, communicating and cooperating skills.Emotional objectives:to make Ss know the contribution of Yuan,and learn his spirit and his simple life time.Teaching important and difficult points:(1) some words, expressions and sentence structures mentioned above;(2)the content of the text;(3)training their reading and speaking skills.Teaching methods: CLT, TBLT,QT.Learning strategies: CLS, QLS, TBLS.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in: (1) teacher plays a piece of recent news from CCTV about the harvest of the super hybrid rice, and ask students whether they know Yuan or not, and talk about him and his contribution.(2)Brain storm: let Ss describe Yuan in their minds including his appearance, his living condition and so on.Step 2 fast reading tasks:(1)teacher introduces Yuan and super hybrid rice(2)make Ss read the text as fast as possible with questions. Such as: what’s the general ideaof this passage? What’s Yuan’ dream? (skimming and scanning skill)Step 3 intensive reading tasks(1)let Ss read the text silently, find topic sentence of each paragraph and draw the difficult sentences and the knowledge what they don’t understand.(words guessing)(2)teacher and Ss talk about the important words, expressions and sentences together, and ask Ss to retell the content of the text.(summarizing and paraphrasing)(3)teacher summarize this part.(4) read again following the courseware.
通过写文章梗概,培养学生综合运用语言的能力,学习用恰当的英语描述科学家的故事。这是本课的教学难点。教师可以使用完形填空的方式来帮助学生整理语篇,从而来降低难度。本课的教学重点的突破方法是:在阅读前,让学生初步了解得出科学观点所需要的基本程序,从而轻松而自然地导入文章的阅读;在阅读过程中,由易到难设计快速阅读和精读的问题,层层推进各种阅读活动,让学生对阅读内容从整体感知到细节理解,最后深层读懂整篇文章,同时加强阅读策略的指导,让每个学生都主动参与课堂教学活动,最终达到提高阅读能力的目的。Step 4 Post-readingGroup Activities四人小组共同合作,在老师的适当指导下,就以下2个问题展开讨论,让学生就所知、所学、所感和所想融入话题,然后抽若干同学代表作小组发言。1. What do you think about John Snow, and what should we learn from him?2. Cholera was 19th century disease, which two diseases are similar to cholera today? Why?
Teaching Aims:Knowledge 1. Get the students to learn the useful new words and expressions in this section. Aims:2. Let the students learn about how the UK was formed and the four groups of invaders.1. Develop students’ reading ability and let them learn different Ability reading skills. Aims:2. Enable students to learn to talk about the United Kingdom and the Union Jack Emotional 1. Let students know more about the UK2. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning Aims:Teaching Important Points:1. Let the students learn about the countries of the United Kingdom and the Union Jack2. Get the students to read the passage and know about how the UK was formed and the four groups of invaders.3. Have the students learn different reading skills.Teaching Difficult Ponts:1. Develop students’ reading ability.2. Enable students to talk about the United Kingdom and the Union Jack.3. Let students learn how the UK was formed geographically and historically.Teaching Methods:Showing pictures, asking, exercising, listening, reading etc.Teaching Aids:A computer,a projector and a blackboard.Teaching Procedures: 1) Show a map of the world, ask students the following questions:Where is the UK?What’s the full name of the UK?2) Ask the students work in pairs to do the quiz on Page 9.Do you want to test how many things you know about the United Kingdom? Let’s have a small test.Using the map on P9, students answer the following questions:?How many countries does the UK consist of? What are they??England is divided into three main areas. Do you know what they are? 1) Scanning (10Minutes )Let the students hold the questions asked in pre-reading and read the passagequickly and then let them do the following exercise.Join lines to the right answer.
分析过焦作市的地理概况和产业优势后,就需要针对由于资源枯竭所带来的问题提出合理化的建议。既然是谈经济转型,就应该将话题的范围明确在这一领域内。通过材料3的相关内容,我们了解到焦作市需要在产业结构调整、培育新的优势产业、增强综合竞争力等三个整改方针上下功夫。因而引导学生针对优势与不足提出建议,以三个整改方针为基准,衡量建议的可行性是锻炼学生解决此类问题的有效途径。在此我将教会学生的是解决问题方法而非案例的内容,正所谓“授之以鱼,不如授之以渔”。接下来针对学生的建议和教材资料分析所罗列的10点整改思路,由学生自由发言提出看法,通过教师的指导和学生的讨论,进而确定经济转型建议的具体方案。最后注意将建议与产业优势相对照,看建议是否都是围绕着产业优势而提出的,这样做会加深学生的印象,通过建议和优势的对应关系,将不难找出此类问题的解题思路。
3.请几组同学表演这几个的场面,其他同学做评委,从模仿表演中享受学习音乐的快乐。五.课堂小结 (阶段目标:以“我的收获”(课件十)帮助学生总结所学内容,知道音乐中,不同的音乐要素可以表现不同的人物、场面)课后反思:(课件十一)在本节音乐欣赏教学中,我坚持以“听”为核心(因为音乐是一门听觉艺术),让学生“带着问题听”、“想着听”、“动着听”、“演着听”等多元化的“听”的形式。一系列“听”的任务不仅提高学生的注意力,而且提高学生“听”的兴趣与“听”的质量。而且我创造和谐的课堂气氛,积极引导学生把对音乐的内心感受大胆地用语言表达出来,让学生主动参与音乐快乐学习的实践中去,创建出有利于学生发展的生动活泼的音乐课堂情景,让学生的了解音乐,感受音乐,融入音乐。
三、聆听、表演《小宝宝睡着了》 1、聆听歌曲启发学生说说听到歌曲时感受到了什么?2、复听,跟着歌曲,轻柔地拍节拍。 3、听琴声逐句学唱歌曲。 4、指导学生用连贯、轻柔的声音,唱准、唱好歌曲。 5、重点引导学生说说结尾的处理方式——对比练习,看哪一种方法更恰当 6、引导学生用自己创作的方式为歌曲伴奏、伴舞。 四、小结。 教学反思:一年级课堂上会有一些学生在上课的时候出现喊唱的现象,我在歌曲处理这一环节对歌曲的意境作了这样的描述:静静的夜晚,天上的星星睡了、月亮睡了、地上的鸟儿、虫儿也都进入了梦乡,小宝宝也在悠荡的摇篮里,听着妈妈甜美的歌声,渐渐入睡了。同学们妈妈哄宝宝睡觉唱歌的声音应该是欢快的,还是轻柔的?经过我的描绘和讲解学生理解了在演唱摇篮曲时应该用轻柔的声音,要把每一句都连贯的唱起来,不仅句与句之间要连贯,第一、第二段也要衔接紧凑,轻轻的哼唱出来,体会妈妈哄小宝宝睡觉时是多么的温柔。
6.欣赏第二版本。 师:关于歌曲《我和你》,还有一个鲜为人知的小故事,歌曲的原唱其实另有他人。最初作曲家陈其钢选了非常有实力的两位歌坛新秀来演唱,导演张艺谋认为一定要选择知名度很高的歌手,两人还因此大吵了一架,据说原唱的歌声更加轻盈,更加动听,你们想听一听吗?7.演唱常石磊版。 师:大家知道了,为了更好地表现出这首歌的宁静简单的气质,我们的演唱要最大限度地轻盈、柔和,就像天使的声音一样纯净。下面该轮到同学们来演唱了。注意眼睛看老师的手势,控制好气息,有表情地演唱。8.钢琴伴奏演唱。师:通过演唱,同学们肯定都感受到了这首歌曲的动人之处。下面我想请同学们站起来,想象我们来到宽敞的户外,把心放在天地间,让我们跟着钢琴伴奏,用我们纯净美妙的歌声来演绎。
课堂上随机给出鼓励和肯定的语言更显教师的亲和力,营造出一个自由、民主的课堂教学氛围。如:“你很棒”“说得太好了”“掌声鼓励”等等,听似平淡无奇,但结合那时那景则显得老师语言的朴实与自然,学生同老师间的默契与和谐。听完朱老师执教的《西风的话》一课,通过认真反思我真切认识到:一堂好课是否愉悦高效,就看教师是否真正用心的地去诠释作品,真正用心地去备课。孙老师执教的《西风的话》平实、淡雅,教师教态自然大气,言谈中充满着激情,让我们的心不自觉跟着一起走。我想不出什么华丽的词藻来描述这堂课,但我却深深地被吸引,这应该就是生命课堂的魅力所在吧。听了孙老师执教的《西风的话》后收获很多,能于言表的也还没有表达充分,但更多的是带给我的触动和对自己所教学科如何“高效愉悦”的思索。也希望凭借着“高效愉悦”课堂活动的深入开展,让自己的美术课堂灵动起来,让我们的课堂真正成为孩子们探求知识的乐园。
结合我们学校的教学条件和我自身会弹琴的优势,我还设计了课堂弹奏活动,激励学生练习好了参加圣诞联欢晚会给大家表演节目。 我把第一段的乐谱进行了简化节奏让学生弹奏,在弹奏基本完成后还设计了学生边唱边弹,并且分组让学生用电子琴自带的的打击乐器进行合奏练习,让学生在学唱的同时更加深入的体会音乐欢快活泼的节奏特点,同时让学生感受合奏的整体的音响效果,培养了学生的动手能力和集体合作能力。 六、总结 本课以歌曲《铃儿响叮当》为主要内容,听、唱、弹等教学环节都围绕他展开,各教学环节的设计易于统一,各项活动的设计均以音乐审美为核心,教学中关注段落的划分,注重引导学生的参与,体验,引导学生积极探索创造学习,展现音乐的节奏之美。
一、教材分析:本节课选自北京师范大学教育出版社七年级上册第五章第三节,是学生学习一元一次方程的含义,并掌握了解法后,通过分析图形问题中的数量关系,建立一元一次方程并用之解决实际问题,是学生运用数学知识解决生活中实际问题中的典型素材,可提高学生解决问题的能力,提高学习数学的兴趣,形成学以致用的思想,认识方程运用模型的重要环节。二、学情分析:通过前几节解方程的学习,学生已经掌握了解、列方程的基本方法,在此过程中也初步掌握了运用方程解决实际问题的一般过程,基本会通过分析简单问题中已知量与未知量的关系列出方程解应用题,但学生在列方程解应用题时常常会遇到从题设条件中找不到所依据的等量关系,或虽能找到等量关系,但不能列出方程这样的问题,因此,在教师的引导下,通过学生亲自动手制作模型,自主探索在模型变化过程中的等量关系,建立方程,从而将图形问题代数化。
“蛟龙号”深潜器的总设计师——中船重工第七〇二研究所的徐芑南,他先后三次被评为江苏省和无锡市劳模,曾被评为上海市科技功臣,有十几个国家、部、省、市级科技进步奖项与他的名字相联。在徐芑南眼中,这些都只是“副产品”,为国家设计出最需要的潜水器,让中国具备从“浅蓝”走向“深蓝”的能力,这才是他最大的愿望。每当说到大洋的海底世界,徐芑南的语速快了起来:“海底有好多资源,等着我们去发现、去利用,我们不能落在别人的后面!”海底有石油,海底有许多未知的生物,还有锰结核、钴结壳、热液硫化物……“蛟龙号”的立项目的就是为了探明神秘的深海世界,造福人类。探究活动二:结合材料和教材,阐述创新与人类思维方式变革的关系。(设计意图)通过学生们感兴趣的材料,对本课的教学难点加以突破。
设计意图:在音乐欣赏中加入律动,使学生能更好的体验和感受音乐,感受在草原上的驰骋和两军交战的厮杀。律动还能活跃课堂,调动学生情绪。3、听完这段音乐,请你想一想(1)音乐把你带到了什么样的场景中?(2)乐曲中的马蹄节奏是由什么乐器演奏的?设计意图:发挥学生的音乐想象力和创造力。再现部1、听再现部音乐,提问:(1)嘎达梅林的草原主题和呈示部所出现的相比,在音乐情绪上有何不同?(2)英雄倒下了,嘎达梅林的主题出现了,它出现了几次?它在音乐情绪上是如何发展变化的?(3)乐曲最后是以什么主题结束的?预示着什么?设计意图:体会节奏、旋律、音色、力度等音乐要素在表现音乐情绪上的作用。2、引导学生说出乐曲的曲式结构设计意图:培养学生分析乐曲结构的能力。检验之前所学知识。
朗读后,可请学生谈谈自己对这首诗的理解。教师还可抓住歌词中“花非花”、“ 雾非雾”和“夜半来、天明去”启发学生理解诗词所比喻的短暂易逝,难持长久的含义。5.有情感地吟诵歌词,体会词曲音调的紧密结合。可先请学生根据诗中每个字的声调,适当地放慢速度、延长韵母来吟诵,然后请一组同学吟诵一句歌词,一组同学哼唱一句旋律,其他同学对照。感知词的声调和旋律的音调之间的联系。6.学唱歌曲,表现歌曲的意境。在学唱时,教师要注意引导学生用轻柔、优美的声音来演唱。每个字的字头可唱得稍为、虚幻而柔美些,体现、朦胧诗的意境,唱好歌中的力度变化。注意气息的运用,尤其是最后一句“去似朝云无觅处”的渐慢与渐弱的处理,气息要控制好。四、拓展根据教学提示的要求,复习和交流学生已掌握的有关诗词歌曲,可以个人或设计小组演唱等多种表演形式,与同伴分享和分组展示。
在教授第一段歌曲的过程中我先让幼儿通过观看课件,对雪花有一个比较直观的认识后,引导幼儿逐句的学习歌词,(课件的四个画面分别表现了四句歌词的内容),再引导幼儿将歌词串起来有一个完整的印象并能有节奏的朗诵出来。歌词掌握之后通过欣赏歌曲、教师范唱、整首教授(幼儿表演式和师生问答式)等多种方法和形式掌握歌曲第一段的演唱。第一段的歌曲掌握较好的基础上,用魔棒引出创编的内容:魔棒想考一考小朋友:“冬天天上会飘雪花,那么其他的季节天上还会下什么呢?”在引导幼儿回忆有关雨滴的记忆,让幼儿对照雪花的歌词创编雨滴,重点让幼儿表现小雨滴落下来,用动作表现出来。难点(是初步感受乐曲旋律,了解上行音和下行音的旋律特点)的解决也主要依靠课件中比较直观、形象的图谱配合教师的无伴奏清唱,让幼儿更清晰、明了的掌握上行音、下行音的旋律特点。