【北魏改革】材料一 孝文帝日:“今欲断北语,一从正音。其年三十以上,习性已久,容或不可卒革。三十以下,见在朝廷之人,语音不听仍旧,若有故为,当加降黜,各宜深戒。”——引自《资治通鉴》(1)北魏是我国古代北方少数民族鲜卑族建立的北朝政权,它在孝文帝改革时对鲜卑等少数民族实行汉化政策。材料一体现了汉化政策的哪一方面?汉化政策产生了怎样的影响?(4分)【唐皇长策】材料二 自古皆贵中华,贱夷狄,朕独爱之如一,故其种落皆依朕如父母。——唐太宗(2)材料二体现了唐朝政府对于民族关系怎样的态度或政策?试举唐与吐蕃交往的一例予以说明。(4分)
材料二 鸦片战争一阵疾风,吹荡了沉寂的知识界,一批关心国家命运的仁人志士,看到了英美等国的政治体制与中国的不同之处:议会制度、总统禅让等。他们的思想深处,滋生着对民主制度的欣慕和对专制制度的不满之情。——熊月之《中国近代民主思想史》(1)材料一中文字所述“商船”采用何种动力?“给予”一词应如何理解?签订上图条约的这场战争前后,清政府对西方列强的态度有何变化?并对这种变化加以评析。(5分)(2)列举20世纪初先进的中国人因“对民主制度的欣慕”而提出的主张。依据材料二,结合所学知识,分析推动近代中国政治进步的因素。(3分)(3)综合上述材料,你对中国近代社会的总体发展有何认识?(2分)
38.在世界文明坐标中确立中国符号,融入中国元素,是增强民族自信,提升国家“软实力”的重要途径。阅读下列材料,回答问题。材料一 为政以德,譬如北辰(北辰:北极星),居其所而众星拱(拱:围绕)之。子为政焉用杀?子欲善而民善矣。——《论语·为政》(1)材料一是哪位思想家的言论?(1分)他是哪一学派的创始人?(1分)材料二 (唐太宗)见新进士缀行而出,喜曰:“天下英雄入吾毂中(原指箭射出去所能达到的范围,后用以比喻牢笼,圈套)矣”……正所谓“太宗皇帝真长策,赚得英雄尽白头”。——《唐摭言》(2)材料二内容涉及的是哪一选官制度?(1分)这一制度诞生于什么时期?(1分)材料三 见右图(3)中国书画艺术可谓源远流长,翰墨飘香,请据图写出“书圣”王羲之的作品名称。(1分)
16.(4分)阅读材料,回答问题。1920-1924年苏俄(联)农民平均税款 年份1920-19211921-19221922-19231923-1924平均税款(卢布)10.306.113.983.06——据《一个大国的崛起与崩溃》相关内容编制(1)根据材料,指出1920-1924年苏俄(联)农民平均税款的变化。(2分)
In the late autumn, John was badly ill andbecame bedridden (长期卧床的).After the doctor visited John several times, he told Sue, “His condition isquite ___22___.John seems to have lost all will to live. If he doesn’t want to live, medicineswill not help him.”
YangHongwei, 56, was born into a kite-making family in Weifang. When she was young,she often saw kites with bright colors and different shapes in hergrandfather’s workshop.
In the large yard stood thirteen trees ofdifferent sizes. One day, while Joey was playing with his sister under thetrees, he noticed that a tree trunk (树干) had a sad look. He raninto the house to tell his mom about it. She told Joey to find the reason whyit was sad.
As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and helearned the Earth is in ___12___ condition. He felt worried, and hewanted to ___13___ the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water nearNorth Pole(北极)todraw people’s attention to the melting glaciers(融化的冰川).
Long ago, a poor old couple lived on the coast.One day, an old storyteller came to their village. The old couple gave him ameal. In return, he gave them a coffee mill (磨粉机)and said, “Say, ‘Mill, please grind (磨粉)’,”
In the large yard stood thirteen trees ofdifferent sizes. One day, while Joey was playing with his sister under thetrees, he noticed that a tree trunk (树干) had a sad look. He raninto the house to tell his mom about it. She told Joey to find the reason whyit was sad.
As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and helearned the Earth is in ___12___condition. He felt worried, and he wanted to ___13___ the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in waternear North Pole(北极)todraw people’s attention to the melting glaciers(融化的冰川).
The app — called Sit With Us — is ___15___. If a student is having lunch in the afternoon,he or she can create an invitation. Other students can open the app and ___16___ that invitation. They can then use the app todecide when and where to ___17___.
Thinking that her dream could never come true,Kelly was in low spirits and ____18____ her studies at school. Hermother did all she could to cheer her up, ____19____ Kelly refused tochange. She even took out all her anger and ____20____ on her mother.
At the age of nine, Kelly dreamed of being abasketball player. But one day when she was playing basketball, she hurt herleft leg ____16____.
Antarctica lies in the most southern part of theworld. It is the coldest area on Earth. There isn’t much rain, but there is alot of snow and wind. The lowest temperature was on 21 July in 1983 at -89.2℃!
During 1907-1909, British explorer EarnestShackleton explored Antarctica on foot. In 1911, two explorers—a British mannamed Scott and a Norwegian named Amundsen—raced 1, 400 kilometres to the SouthPole (南极).Amundsen arrived first.
Taiping nijiaojiao is made of the mudfrom the local mountain. It takes more than ten steps to make the clay toy, andthe key step is to knead (捏) it with your hands. You can knead the clay toyinto anything, like animals and plants. The blowhole is the most difficult partto make, for the size of the blowhole makes a difference to the sound. Whilecoloring, you can use traditional cultural elements (元素) thatcarry good meanings. It’s hard to make taipingnijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel proud of yourself.
“Red Trip” in TonghuaTonghua is a good choice to have a “red trip”. It is aplace full of “red stories”. The well-known national hero Yang Jingyu oncefought here. Experience the “red spirit”!
爱莲说周敦颐水陆草木之花,可爱者甚蕃。晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来,世人甚爱牡丹。予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染,濯清涟而不妖,中通外直,不蔓不枝,香远益清,亭亭净植,可远观而不可亵玩焉。
“......不瞒二位先生说,此五省读书的人,家家隆重的是小弟,都在书案上,香火蜡烛,供着“先儒匡子之神位'。”牛布衣笑道:“先生,你此言误矣!所谓“先儒'者,乃已经去世之儒者,今先生尚在,何得如此称呼?”匡超人红着脸道:“不然!所谓“先儒'者,乃先生之谓也!”牛布衣见他如此说,也不和他辩。