材料二这场运动的宗旨是提高产量、防止富裕农民重新冒头、争取更大程度的农业专业化,以及加速实现社会主义改造的进程……到1956年年底,约96%的农户正式成为合作社社员。 ——摘自徐中约著《中国近代史》材料三家庭联产承包责任制是我国农村集体经济的主要实现形式,主要生产资料仍归集体所有,在分配方面仍实行按劳分配原则……既发挥了集体统一经营的优越性,又调动了农民生产枳极性,是适应我国农业特点和农村生产力发展水平以及管理水平的一种较好的经济形式。 ——搞自《复兴之路》(中)(1)据材料一,图7中“改革”依据的是哪一部法律?(2分)
材料二 丝绸之路最初是军事路、外交路,汉武帝派使臣联合西域的大宛、乌孙、大月氏等国,成立了一个松散的合作联盟,旨在孤立和削弱匈奴势力。之后是民生路、商业路、世贸路,再之后发展成了当时世界上最繁忙的物流大通道。物质交流的同时,中国文化……基督文化也相互间交集共生。﹣﹣穆涛《汉代的政治丰碑和国家隐痛》
(1)以下表述,与材料一信息一致的,请在答题卡上相应的括号内划“√”;违背了材料信息的,请在相应的括号内划“×”;材料信息没有涉及的,请在括号内划“○”。(4分)①新中国的外交政策是和平共处五项原则。( )②新中国成立初期,团结亚、非、拉美国家是我国外交的重点。( )③美蒋特务制造了企图谋害周恩来等中国代表的“克什米尔公主号事件”。()④20世纪70年代, 我国结束了同美国、日本长期对立的僵局,实现了关系正常化。( )
【思想的光芒】材料一 老子,中国古代伟大的思想家,春秋时期楚国人。他曾做过周朝管理藏书的史官,孔子曾向他问礼,感叹他学问的高深。年老时,留下了五千言的名著。这部著作流传甚广。据联合国教科文组织统计,它是世界上被译成外国文字最多的著作之一。孔子,中国古代伟大的思想家和教育家,春秋时期鲁国人。弟子三千,其言行被编成《论语》一书。他为我国文化教育事业的发展作出了重要贡献,被后世尊称为“万世师表”。孔子的思想在中国和世界思想史上享有重要地位。(1)材料所述老子的“名著”是什么?(1分)作为“万世师表”的孔子,其思想的核心是什么?(1分)战国时在思想文化领域出现了“百家争鸣”的局面,请列举其中一个学派及其代表人物。(1分)【盛世的魅力】材料二 唐代我国社会经济发展繁荣。当时社会稳定,经济发展,士人读书风气盛行,教育事业也因此发展,文学艺术繁荣。中外交往出现了盛况空前的局面。日本、大食、天竺等国纷纷遣使到唐朝……日本先后13次派出遣唐使,使团庞大,居各国之首。(2)当时“士人读书风气盛行”的原因是什么?(1分)各国“纷纷遣使到唐朝”的目的是什么?(1分)日本仿效唐朝进行了什么改革?(1分)
材料一“为政以德,譬如北辰(北辰:北极星),居其所而众星拱(拱:围绕)之。”——《论语·为政》村料二 现代国家固然需要强调依法治国,但也要强调以德治国。法治与德治必须结合。法可厚,德可固法……坚持德治与法治统一,自律与他律并重,社会才能稳定有序。——唐志君《中国传统德治思想的现代选择》 请回答:(1)根据材料一指出孔子主要的治国思想是什么?( 2分)这一治国思想在汉、唐时期被统治者采用,举一例说明。(2分)(2)依法治国是近代资本主义国家的主要治国方略。美国独立后主要依据哪一宪法治国?(2分)法国哪一文件的颁布确立了资本主义的立法规范?( 2分)(3)根据材料二指出,在继承古代和近代治国思想的基础上,你认为当今我国应采用怎样的治国方略?(2分)
材料一 周以后的秦朝尽管存在时间短暂,却用一个组织得很严密的帝国结构取代了周的分封制…所有这些使中国得到了世界上最稳定、最持久的统治.﹣﹣斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》(1)秦朝在地方上以什么制度取代了分封制?它在中央还采取了什么措施? 材料二 唐王朝的都城长安,修建历时72年,规模宏大,布局严整,全城南北中轴线两侧东西对称,棋盘式的街道宽敞笔直;拥有百万人口,不仅是国内交通的枢纽,还是各民族交往的中心,身着各式服装的边疆各族人云集到这里;西域诸国的商贾通过丝绸之路前来此城的常达数千人,是当时世界上著名的国际性大城市…在当时统治者的励精图治下,该王朝出现了许多盛世局面…(2)根据材料,概括唐朝都城长安的特征.唐王朝出现了哪些盛世局面?
材料一十八世纪,封建王朝统治下的法国是个农业国,但资本主义工商业已经有了很大的发展,资本主义的发展,要求冲破封建制度的束缚。1789年7月,法国大革命爆发。……十九世纪上半期,俄国资本主义已经有所发展。在欧洲工业革命的影响下,还出现了手工劳动逐步被机器生产取代的趋势。但俄国落后的农奴制限制了自由劳动力的供应和国内市场的开拓……1861年,沙皇亚历山大二世批准了废除农奴制的法令。﹣﹣摘编自《世界历史》九年级上册教材
材料二 二战后,为实现欧洲复兴,并增大在美苏两极格局中的发言权.欧洲各国摒弃前嫌,走上联合之路.法德两国共同推动的欧洲联合,一直到现在对整个欧洲都有强大的吸引力.(2)根据材料二并结合所学知识概括说明欧洲走上联合之路的原因.欧洲国家建立的联合组织是什么? 材料三 2001年“九一一事件”发生后,全球反恐斗争面临严峻的形势.在此形势下,美国不得不顺应多极化的发展趋势,主动寻求与联合国和国际社会的合作,特别是与中国和俄罗斯的合作,从而在国际反恐问题上达成了一定共识,有力的打击了国际恐怖势力.﹣川教版《世界历史》九年级(下)(3)根据材料三并结合所学知识指出当今世界人类面临的共同问题.请你为解决这些问题献计献策.
材料二 20世纪80年代初,大陆的统一观已经有了创新性的发展,不完全要求绝对的“政治上的服从”和制度上的一致,首创了一个国家中允许存在不同社会制度的理论。这一理论在香港和澳门获得了成功的实践。——据许士铃《国家统一是中华民族历史形成的国家观》⑵材料二中,大陆首创的“一个国家中允许存在不同社会制度的理论”是指什么(2分)分析这一理论提出的依据(2分)。
When itcomes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. Alife filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, whatmakes a meaningful life?Manyresearchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): havinglong-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s lifefits together and “makes sense”.But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimeslife enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open toappreciating (欣赏) suchexperiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We callthis experiential appreciation (EA).
The fantasticman-made “forest” is a Singapore landmark. It is made from steel and concrete(水泥) covered in localflowers and plants. At night, 18 solar-powered tree-like towers which get theirenergy from the sun often light up the city.
Slowlybut surely, Amy and her grandparents were making progress. Boxes of all sizeswere placed on top of each other throughout the house. Amy’s grandparents hadlived in the house for years and they had collected many things.
As thegovernment encourages the renaissance (复兴) of traditional culture,Hanfu is getting more and more popular with the teenagers. Every year, we canenjoy different Hanfu shows around the cities. And now quite a few Hanfu clubshave been set up in universities. Members usually wear Hanfu at theirgraduation ceremonies or during holidays. Some even wear Hanfu on regular days,too. And these fans created a special day—China Haniu Day to celebratetraditional Chinese clothing. It falls on the third day of the third month inChinese lunar calendar (阴历).
Electric cars may seem like a recent invention,but they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were ___16___electric cars on the road than gasoline(汽油)cars, because at that time,gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels(燃料), electriccars were more popular.
Each ofthem has their own experience- two people with synesthesia may both “feel”music, but they almost never feel the music in the same way. For example, onemay feel the music of the violin lightly brushing his face; the other may feelit on her ankle (脚踝). And one’s experience of synesthesia is alwaysthe same. If they see the number 5 in the color blue, then 5 is blue every timethey see it.
Theoil paper umbrella is a traditional Chinese handicraft(手工艺品).It has a history of over 1,000 years in China.In early TangDynasty, it was introduced to Japan and Korea, so it was called the “TangUmbrella”. Later oil paper umbrellas were spread to other Asian countries, suchas Vietnam, Thailand and Laos, and each had its own style. However, assteel-ribbed(钢骨的)umbrellas appeared in the last century, thehand-made oil paper umbrellas became less used in daily life. They were turnedinto decorative artifacts(装饰性工艺品).
Shuttlecock exercise doesnot require equipment(装备) and is perfect for people to perform at home.Liu Genghong helps you to keep going until the last minute, and you can burnyour fat fast.
We’re leaving Qinghai Station. The scenery alongthe way is some of the wildest in all of China. Keep your eyes open as we racethrough this beautiful land. You might see a rare Tibetan antelope(藏羚羊)fromyour window.
There was an old oak tree in the garden. Holly’sfather wanted to cut it down and build a new office there. Holly felt sad anddidn’t agree. She moved into the old tree house which was her favourite place in the world.One day, it rained all night.
Dudiscovered his interest in folding paper in his childhood. After Du went tocollege in 2017, he had enough time to take the hobby seriously. He learnedfolding from online teachers and experts. Later he copied patterns from books.He spent almost three years improving his basic skills by making copies ofother artists’ designs. Then he made his own creations.