一、教材分析及学生分析:数学课程标准在各个学段中,安排了“数与代数”、“空间与图形”、“统计与概率”、“实践与综合应用”四个学习领域。其中“统计与概率”中统计初步知识在一、二年级已经涉及,但概率知识对于学生来说还是一个全新的概念,它是学生以后学习有关知识的基础,并且概率问题是一个与社会生活关系密切的重要问题。因此在第一学段中对于“不确定现象”由感性升华到理性认识非常重要。对于三年级的孩子来说,由于他们的年龄和思维特点,他们一般只能在感性的层面理解可能性的知识,因此,在教学中,我们密切关注并考虑学生已有的经验知识,在学生已有的经验体会的基础上,设计各种活动丰富学生的经验积累,从而进行可能性知识的构建。
(一)说教材《百分数的一般应用题》是在学生学过用分数解决问题和百分数的意义、百分数和分数、小数的互化的基础上进行教学的。主要内容是求常见的百分率,也就是求一个数是另一个数的百分之几的实际问题,这种问题与求一个数是另一个数的几分之几的问题相同。所以求常见的百分率的思路和方法与分数解决问题大致相同。通过这部分教学,既加深了学生对百分数的认识,又加强了知识间的联系。这部分教材在安排上有以下一些特点:1、从学生已有的知识和生活经验出发,帮助学生理解数学。2、设置数学活动生活情境,培养学生的解决问题意识和探究精神。(二)说学生对学生来说,利用已有的知识和生活经验,依据数量关系列式解答并不困难,但要求学生找准谁和谁比,很重要。二、说教学目标与重难点根据以上分析,我确定了本节课的教学目标如下:1、使学生加深对百分数的认识,理解生活中的百分率的含义,掌握求百分率的方法。2、依据分数与百分数应用题的内在联系,培养学生的迁移类推能力和数学的应用意识3、让学生在具体的情况中感受百分数来源于生活实际,在应用中体验数学的价值。重点:解答求一个数是另一个数的百分之几的应用题。
(1)猜想设疑。组织学生进行游戏实践,结果可能是选择和少的那队赢了。为什么选择和多的那队没胜,选择和少的那队却胜了呢?这里面又藏着什么奥秘呢?“猜想”是有方向的猜测和判断,是学生有效学习的良好准备。这里通过引导学生大胆猜测,由猜测结果与实际结果不同而引发学生的认知冲突,进而激发学生的求知欲,为后面的教学埋下了伏笔,从而很自然的过渡到下一个环节。(2)统计实验。这部分教学让全体学生参与获得知识的全过程,并在实验中与统计知识有机结合起来,提高了学生综合运用知识的能力。同时让全体学生参与实验统计,实验数据更加充分,实验结果与预测更加接近,从而达到实验目的。
2.生活情境导入:昨天,老师去逛了逛家电商场,并记下了几种家电的价格,其中,电视机4000元,冰箱2000元,热水器800元,电饭煲300元,电水壶70元,电风扇90元,出示PPT课件。根据这些信息,你能提出哪些关于加减法的数学问题呢?将自己提出的问题写在练习本上,并列式计算。(二)新课探究,整理归纳1.指导学生提出问题,并板书,(1)电视机比冰箱贵多少元?(2)电视机和热水器总共要多少元?(3)冰箱比热水器贵多少元?2.让学生回顾以前学过的旧知识,列式并解答问题。并说说自己的算法,课堂上交流算法,教师板书,让学生充分体会算法多样化。在讲例题时,不仅在于怎样解,更在于为什么这样解,而及时对解题方法和规律进行概括,有利于学生的思维能力。
3、小结比较观察三种方法,提出问题:为什么同一个问题有三种不同的解决方法?学生交流,教师小结:先解决的问题不同,选择的信息不同,图形拼摆的不同,解决的方法就不同,体现数形结合的思想。相同点是:无论思路如何,都是用连乘的方法解决问题。板书课题:解决问题——两步连乘应用题生活中还有很多这样的清况,想不想再尝试一下。(三)联系生活,优化方法,拓展深化,学校有特异为这些参加比赛的同学们购买了矿泉水,出示画面:共有20箱矿泉水,每箱24瓶,每瓶2元,请问学校共要支付多少钱?学生独立完成观察和思考的角度不同,先后选择的信息不同,所以同一道题有不同的解决方法。看来大家多用连乘的方法解决问题有了进一步的理解。生活中类似这样的问题很多,再来看一看:学校定好了水,付了钱,总得运回来吧.出示搬运车搬水到卡车上的画面:搬运车一次搬4摞,一摞3箱,一箱24瓶,请问搬运车一次能搬多少瓶?
我们遇到的往往就是这样的方程组,我们要想比较简捷地把它解出来,就需要转化为同一个未知数系数相同或相反的情形,从而用加减消元法,达到消元的目的.请大家把解答过程写出来.解:①×3,得:6936xy??,③②×2,得:3486??yx,④③-④,得:2?y.将2?y代入①,得:3?x.根据上面几个方程组的解法,请同学们思考下面两个问题:(1)加减消元法解二元一次方程组的基本思路是什么?(2)用加减消元法解二元一次方程组的主要步骤有哪些?(由学生分组讨论、总结并请学生代表发言)[师生共析](1)用加减消元法解二元一次方程组的基本思路仍然是“消元”.(2)用加减法解二元一次方程组的一般步骤是:①变形----找出两个方程中同一个未知数系数的绝对值的最小公倍数,然分别在两个方程的两边乘以适当的数,使所找的未知数的系数相等或互为相反数.②加减消元,得到一个一元一次方程.③解一元一次方程.
Textbook: Senior English for China (Book 4), by Liu Daoyi Time Allotment: 1 period (40 minutes)Date: March 20, 2014Teaching aids: blackboard, Multi-media, Power Point, chalk I. Text Analysis (教材分析)This unit is about body language, and the text selected in the reading part demonstrates the difference and similarity of body language in many parts of the world. Through learning this passage, students are required to raise their awareness of using body language in different parts of the world. As body language is closely related to our daily life, it is easy to arouse students’ interest in learning this text. Reading skills and speaking training are designed around the text.II. Teaching Objectives (教学目标)By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:1. Language Skill Objective(语言技能目标): develop reading ability (skimming and scanning)as well as speaking ability.2. Cultural Knowledge Objective(文化知识目标): know about the cultural differences of using body language.3. Affective Objective(情感目标): increase students’ awareness of using body language correctly in different cultures. III.Teaching Focuses and Difficulties(教学重点和难点)1. Teaching Focuses(教学重点): the difference and similarity of body language in many parts of the world.2. Teaching Difficulties(教学难点): develop students’ reading abilities of skimming and scanning and ask the students to show their opinions with fluent English.
Good morning, distinguished judges:It’s my honor to talk about my teaching ideas with you. Today my topic is Women of Achievement. My presentation consists of six parts: the analysis of teaching material and student, teaching aims, key and difficult points, teaching and studying method, teaching procedures and blackboard design.First, let’s focus on the analysis of teaching material. This lesson is from New Senior English for China Student’s Book 4 Unit 1, the reading part. The main topic of the passage is the introduction of a student of Africanwildlife. After this lesson, the students will learn more information about her studying chimps in Africa, and their reading and speaking abilities can be developed as well.The next part is the analysis of students. My students are in senior high students. They have learnt English for many years, they’ve known many words and sentences, but their speaking and reading abilities are still not very good. So I will practice their speaking and reading abilities through different exercises.According to the New Standard Curriculum and the present situation, I set the teaching aims as follows: firstly, knowledge aims. Students can grasp some new words, such as worthwhile, move off. Moreover, students can understand the content of the passage and get familiar with the topic of studying chimps in wildlife. Secondly, ability aims. Students can use reading strategies such as skimming and scanning in reading process. Thirdly, emotional aims. Students can have the awareness of protecting animals and care about animals.Based on the above analysis, the key point of this lesson is to get the main idea and the detailed information from the passage; the difficult point is to talk about the wildlife protection and use reading strategies.
Language learning needs a context, which can help the learners to understand the language and then can product comprehensible output, so computer has the advantages to make the materials attractive.Part 3 Learning MethodsTask-based, self-dependent and cooperative learningPart 4 Teaching ProcedureStep One Lead-in“Interest is the best teacher.” Therefore, at the very beginning of the class, I should spark the students’ mind to focus on the centre topic “the band”. I’ll show some pictures of food to attract their attention and then bring some questions.Question:What kind of food they like?What should go into a good meal?The answers must relate to the diet. After this, the students will be eager to know something about a balance diet and this is the very time to naturally lead the class into Step 2Step 2 Reading for information: skimming and scanning In this step, I use Task-based Language Teaching method, which can give students a clear and specific purpose while skimming and scanning the context.Task 1 General ideaThe students will be asked to just glance at the title and the pictures of the passage, and then guess what they will read in the text. And they’ll be divided into groups of four to have a discussion.The purpose is to inspire the students to read actively, not passively. In addition, the task is to develop the students’ reading skill by making prediction and to encourage the students to express their thoughts in English and cooperate with each other.Task 2 Main idea of each paragraphCooperative learning can raise the students’ interest and create an atmosphere of achievement. Based on this theory, I divide the whole class into 4 groups to skim the whole text and get the main idea of each paragraph.
通过写文章梗概,培养学生综合运用语言的能力,学习用恰当的英语描述科学家的故事。这是本课的教学难点。教师可以使用完形填空的方式来帮助学生整理语篇,从而来降低难度。本课的教学重点的突破方法是:在阅读前,让学生初步了解得出科学观点所需要的基本程序,从而轻松而自然地导入文章的阅读;在阅读过程中,由易到难设计快速阅读和精读的问题,层层推进各种阅读活动,让学生对阅读内容从整体感知到细节理解,最后深层读懂整篇文章,同时加强阅读策略的指导,让每个学生都主动参与课堂教学活动,最终达到提高阅读能力的目的。Step 4 Post-readingGroup Activities四人小组共同合作,在老师的适当指导下,就以下2个问题展开讨论,让学生就所知、所学、所感和所想融入话题,然后抽若干同学代表作小组发言。1. What do you think about John Snow, and what should we learn from him?2. Cholera was 19th century disease, which two diseases are similar to cholera today? Why?
Good afternoon, teachers, It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you.The content of my lesson is Senior English Book 3 Unit 5 Canada —— “The true North”.I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from five parts. Analysis of the teaching material,the teaching methods,the studying methods, the teaching procedure,and Blackboard design.First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Teaching Material:This unit is about the introduction of Canada. By studying of this unit,we’ll enable the students to learn the geography, population, main cities, and natural beauty, natural resources of Canada. Through the training of the unit, it also requires students to learn some Language skills such as the expressions of position and emotions.So it plays an important part in the English teaching in this book.After studying the teaching material and analyzing the rule of children’s growing of mind,I think the teaching aims are the followings:1.Knowledge objects:(1) make the students learn some new words and phrases(2) make the students understand the content of the lesson.2.Ability objects:(1)To develop the Ss’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Especially reading and speaking ability.(2) learn to talk about the characters of Canada in English(3)To train the Ss’ ability of working in pairs.3.Emotion objects:(1)Enable students to understand the characters of Canada..(2)Stimulate Ss to work hard to make China stronger.Part 2 Teaching Methods:I think helping students learn to master new words and phrases and improve the students’ reading and speaking ability is import and the difficult.According to the analysis of the teaching material and the import points and the difficult points,I will use the following teaching methods : question-guiding approach; fast-reading and careful reading; multi-media teaching methods; discussion
今天我们来介绍一下必修五第四单元的授课方式。这个单元的题目是Making the news。应该是学生比较感兴趣的话题,学生往往对新闻工作充满好奇,所以我们可以利用这个机会多设计一些师生互动和学生互动,来激发起学习的积极性,提高学习效率。同时我们可以利用这个单元不仅帮助学生掌握语言知识,培养语言能力,同时让其了解新闻工作的重要性,培养起社会智能感。这个单元分为六个课时,它的教学目标是这样的:语言目标是掌握词汇表中的常用单词和短语,掌握倒装句的一些基本用法。 技能目标是能初步掌握约会的基本句型并在真实的场景下正确运用。新闻报道类文章的写作技能。采访的基本规范和沟通技能。情感目标是对新闻报道的客观性和真实性有更好的理解。对新闻记者的职业有更深入的了解,并能体会其工作的重要性。下面我们来介绍一下第一课时的授课方式,第一课的教学目标是这样的第一课时的教学目标语言目标:单词:Occupation, journalist, editor, photographer, curious, personality, enthusiasm
Teaching Aims:Knowledge 1. Get the students to learn the useful new words and expressions in this section. Aims:2. Let the students learn about how the UK was formed and the four groups of invaders.1. Develop students’ reading ability and let them learn different Ability reading skills. Aims:2. Enable students to learn to talk about the United Kingdom and the Union Jack Emotional 1. Let students know more about the UK2. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning Aims:Teaching Important Points:1. Let the students learn about the countries of the United Kingdom and the Union Jack2. Get the students to read the passage and know about how the UK was formed and the four groups of invaders.3. Have the students learn different reading skills.Teaching Difficult Ponts:1. Develop students’ reading ability.2. Enable students to talk about the United Kingdom and the Union Jack.3. Let students learn how the UK was formed geographically and historically.Teaching Methods:Showing pictures, asking, exercising, listening, reading etc.Teaching Aids:A computer,a projector and a blackboard.Teaching Procedures: 1) Show a map of the world, ask students the following questions:Where is the UK?What’s the full name of the UK?2) Ask the students work in pairs to do the quiz on Page 9.Do you want to test how many things you know about the United Kingdom? Let’s have a small test.Using the map on P9, students answer the following questions:?How many countries does the UK consist of? What are they??England is divided into three main areas. Do you know what they are? 1) Scanning (10Minutes )Let the students hold the questions asked in pre-reading and read the passagequickly and then let them do the following exercise.Join lines to the right answer.
教学目标1、认识长度单位毫米,建立1毫米的长度概念,会用毫米厘米度量比较短的物体的长度。2、培养学生的估测意识和能3、培养学生的动手实践和合作学习的能力,并感受生活中处处有数学。教学重点:认识长度单位毫米,会用毫米度量物体长度。教学难点:培养学生的估测方法。教学过程一、引言二、估测数学书的长、宽、厚的长度。师:请同学们观察数学书的长、宽、厚,并估一估大约有多长,然后把估测的结果填入下表?估计实际测量数学书的长数学书的宽数学书的厚生1:数学书的长大约是21厘米、宽大约是14厘米、厚有1厘米。师:你是怎么想的?生1:因为1厘米大约有一个指甲长那么长,数学书的长大约就有21个指甲长那么长,数学书的宽有14个指甲长那么长,数学书的厚有1个指甲长那么厚。
教学内容:课本P104、108页。教学目标:1、通过复习使学生加深了解统计的意义。2、巩固学生对条形统计图的认知,明确用1格表示2个单位的表现形式,能根据统计图提出问题。3、在学习过程中培养学生的实践能力与合作意识。教学重点、难点:1、在复习中进一步了解统计的意义,加深对条形统计图的认识。2、能根据条形统计图的条件提出数学问题。教学过程:一、复习统计1、观察讨论(1)、教师出示条形统计图:这张图叫什么名字?它有什么作用?仔细观察统计图你有哪些发现?(2)、学生观察讨论,思考,依据自己的体验回答。仔细观察统计图,在小组内交流自己的发现。(3)、组织全班汇报交流,梳理统计图信息。2、回答问题根据条形统计图上的信息,你能回答下列问题吗?1)、最受二年级同学欢迎的饮料是什么?你是怎么看出来的?2)、喜欢哪两种饮料的人数同样多?你是怎么知道的?
(4)学校买10套课桌用500元,已知桌子的单价是凳子的4倍,每张桌子多少元?三、作业。第四课时课题:可能性和编码复习目标:1、认识简单的可能性事件。2、会求简单事件发生的可能性,并用分数表示。3、通过日常生活中的一些事例,使学生初步体会数字编码思想在解决实际问题中的应用。4、让学生学会运用数进行编码,初步培养学生的抽象、概括能力。一、基本练习。1、盒子中有红、白、黄、绿四种颜色的球各一个,只取一次,拿出红色球的可能性是多少?白色呢?2、商场促销,将奖品放置于1到10号的罐子里,幸运顾客有一次猜奖机会,一位顾客猜中得奖的可能性是多少?3、盒子中有红色球8个,蓝色球10个,取一次,取出红色球的可能性大还是蓝色球?4、说出下面各组数据的中位数。
出示:1、某校有男生500人,女生有450人,女生是男生的百分之几?你能把这道题改编成另外二道一步计算的百分数应用题吗?2、某校有男生500人,女生人数是男生的90%,女生有多少人?3、某校有女生450人,是男生的90%,男生有多少人?师:你觉得这三题有什么相同的地方和不同的地方?同:都以男生的人数为单位“1”异:条件与问题不同出示:1、完成书本124页第14题。2、2000年我国农村居民人均纯收入为2253元,1999年为2210元。2000年比1999年增长百分之几?3、一本书有240页,小林第一天看了 ,第二天看了12.5%,第三天应该从第几页看起?4、边长1厘米的正方形面积比边长2厘米的正方形面积少百分之几?5、修一条公路,实际造价84万元,比原计划增加了5%,增加了多少万元?出示:1、花园小学五年级男生有150人,女生人数是男生的 ,已知五年级人数占全校学生人数的25%。全校有多少名学生?2、书本124页第15、16、17题。
【新知识点】认识扇形统计图统计填写扇形统计图根据扇形统计图所提供的数据回答问题【单元教学目标】1,认识扇形统计图,了解扇形统计图的特点.2,能够看懂并会填扇形统计图.3,会根据扇形统计图所提供的数据回答一些简单的问题.4,进一步了解统计在实际生活中的地位和作用.5,通过对相关素材的整理和分析,使学生受到一定的思想教育.【单元教学重难点】重点:学生掌握扇形统计图的特点和作用.难点:在学习中体会各种统计图的不同特点.【教学建议】学生已经系统地学习过有关条形统计图和折线统计图的知识,也初步认识了扇形,而且也学习了有关百分数的知识,所有这些都为学校继续学习统计图的最后一部分内容——扇形统计图打下了良好的基础.【课时安排】
教具、学具准备:各种形状的纸、树叶、绳子、直尺、卷尺等。教学过程:一、今天,老师给大家带来了一些物品和平面图形,你们认识吗?(逐一出示)谁知道周长是什么意思?请你具体指一指,你所喜欢的图形的周长是指什么样的长度。(一生指)二、探究求长方形和正方形周长的计算方法长方形和正方形的周长怎么求呢?正方形的周长只要量一条边长,乘4就可以了。(板书:边长×4)如果量出正方形的边长是5厘米,它的周长是多少?5×4=20(厘米)。长方形的周长呢?量出四条边的长度,加起来就好了。长+宽+长+宽(板书)。如果长是6厘米,宽是4厘米,它的周长就是:6+4+6+4=20(厘米)。只要量两次就可以了,量一个长再乘2,量一个宽再乘2就行。长×2+宽×2。即:6×2+4×2=20(厘米)。如果让你求长方形的周长,必须要知道什么条件?正方形呢?想清楚了,我们来解决一些实际问题。
教学追记:本堂课,在我带领着学生利用教具进行操作,在此基础上,让学生自主发现圆的面积与拼成长方形面积的关系,圆的周长、半径和长方形的长、宽的关系,并推导出圆的面积计算公式。教学环形的面积计算时,我充分放手给学生,让学生通过思考讨论领悟出求环形的面积是用外圆面积减去内圆面积,并引导他们发现这两种算法的一致性,同时提醒学生尽量使用简便算法,减少计算量。圆的周长和面积的练习课教学目标:1、通过教学使学生理解并掌握圆的周长和面积计算方法。2、培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力,发展学生的空间观念。3、灵活解答几何图形问题。教学重点:认真审题,分辨求周长或求面积。教学过程:一、复习。1、求出下面圆的周长和面积并用彩笔描出周长,用阴影表示出面积。