另一方面,其余的人反对这个计划,因为它可能会导致一些不好的影响。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我坚信探索太空不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源而且能够帮助我们更好地走进未来。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法,我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。9.From my point of view,it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much,which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看来,年轻人过度依赖手机是不对的,因为它们可能会对他们的身心健康都有害。最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活;也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力;影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。注意:1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点,可适当发挥,使上下文连贯;
Step 3 Meaning1. 过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用在宾语从句中。一般由“would/should +动词原形”构成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。2. was/were going to+动词原形: 表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作, 常用于口语中, 表示预言、意图或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期开始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用来表示即将发生的动作, “刚要/正要做……”。注意该结构不与任何时间状语连用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾计划做某事”, 如果表示“本来计划做某事, 动作没实现”, 则需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她说她本来想告诉我关于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等动词的过去进行时: 表示就过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。She was coming later. 她随后就来。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我刚穿上外套要去看我的一个朋友。
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who,其意思是问,对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
2. 您能看到, 我头发太长了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 无论什么时候, 只要您想回来就回来。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您仅有很少的头发要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 为您服务是我的荣幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
1. 这个寓言是一个关于一位国王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用这个故事让读者对于社区的问题负有个人责任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 这个故事十分成功的实现了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world,making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability. Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money,they can buy nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood. With money they can own luxurious cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only road to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world, which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and knowledge. People are so preoccupied with struggling for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. What happiness can they feel living as lonely miserable creatures without love or friends in the world even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?In my opinion, people can’t do anything without money, but money is not everything. What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will add to your own happiness. If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy. In a word,you should have money spent for more people. Only then can money be the source of your happiness.Step 8 Homework4 students in a group, one acts Roderick, one Oliver, one servant and the fourth one acts Henry Adams, then listen to the tape, pay more attention to the difference between American English and British English in pronunciation, stress, tone.
4.They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside.[归纳]1.过去将来时的基本构成和用法过去将来时由“would+动词原形”构成,主要表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作(尤其用于宾语从句中),还可以表示过去的动作习惯或倾向。Jeff knew he would be tired the next day.He promised that he would not open the letter until 2 o'clock.She said that she wouldn't do that again.2.表示过去将来时的其他表达法(1)was/were going to+动词原形:该结构有两个主要用法,一是表示过去的打算,二是表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。I thought it was going to rain.(2)was/were to+动词原形:主要表示过去按计划或安排要做的事情。She said she was to get married next month.(3)was/were about to+动词原形:表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作,由于本身已含有“即将”的意味,所以不再与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.(4)was/were+现在分词:表示在过去看来即将发生的动作,通常可用于该结构中的动词是come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等瞬间动词。Jack said he was leaving tomorrow.
法律手段:制定和运用经济法规,包括经济立法、经济司法活动等行政手段:采取强制性的行政命令、指示、规定等运用举例:我国一些地区遭遇突如其来的“禽流感”,禽类养殖户损失惨重。国家采取了对疫区封锁,对疫区的养殖户进行经济补贴,以及国家出资统一对疫区进行消毒等措施进行防治,并规定任何人不得将家禽带出疫区,违者追究法律责任。请结合材料说明在防治“禽流感”、发展禽类养殖的过程中,我国政府分别采取了哪些措施教师分析:对疫区养殖户进行经济补贴体现经济手段;对违反规定者追究法律责任,体现法律手段;对疫区进行封锁体现行政手段。(四)反思总结,当堂检测。教师组织学生反思本节课的主要内容(参照板书),进行总结。设计意图:对本节课的内容进行小结,学生的概括过程也是检验学生对本节课理解程度的过程。再次明确学生是学习的主体,并能够发现,问题解决问题。
材料说明了什么?探究二:材料分析:2005年12月13日至18日,WTO第六次部长级会议在香港召开。会议经过谈判通过了《部长宣言》,规定发达成员和部分发展中成员2008年前向最不发达国家所有产品提供免关税、免配额的市场准入;发达成员2006年取消棉花的出口补贴, 2013年年底前取消所有形式农产品出口补贴。材料体现了世界贸易组织在国际经济贸易领域中发挥哪些作用?探究三:P97:A、这些图示,反映出我国利用外资哪些特点?。B、能为我国提高外资利用水平提出些建议吗?探究四:材料展示:我国是人口众多的发展中大国,全国居民每天消费总额达到37亿元。每天消费粮食75万吨,相当于一个县级商品粮基地的全年产量;每天消耗猪肉6万吨,食油1万吨,糖1.6万吨,鲜蛋1.8万吨。每天购买杂志600多万册,报纸5000多万份,需要400量中型载货汽车才能装载。
4.弘扬和培育中华民族精神,是坚持社会主义道路的需要在这里重点把握坚持社会主义道路为什么必须弘扬和培育民族精神这一知识点。由于中国走的是社会主义道路,而西方敌对势力不愿意看到社会主义中国发展壮大,加紧以各种手段和方式对我国实施西化、分化的政治战略。面对这种挑战,要顶住霸权主义的种种压力,抵制外来腐朽思想文化的影响,弘扬和培育民族精神显得更为重要和迫切。◇拓展延伸:当今世界,不同社会制度意识形态之间的斗争在一定范围内将长期存在,斗争的一种重要表现就是西方敌对势力对社会主义的中国实施西化、分化的政治战略。因此,必须通过弘扬和培育民族精神来坚定人们的社会主义信念,抵制外来腐朽思想文化的侵蚀。◇课堂练习:面对西方敌对势力对我国实施的西化、分化,我们必须()①大力弘扬和培育民族精神②加快社会主义现代化建设步伐,坚定人们的社会主义信念③借鉴西方文化中的先进成分④加强社会主义道德建设,提高抗侵蚀能力A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④D.①②③④
思考:洗衣机脱水时转速高时容易甩干衣物,还是转速低时容易甩干衣物?(2) 制作棉花糖的原理内筒与洗衣机的脱水筒相似,里面加入白砂糖,加热使糖熔化成糖汁。内筒高速旋转,黏稠的糖汁就做离心运动,从内筒壁的小孔飞散出去,成为丝状到达温度较低的外筒,并迅速冷却凝固,变得纤细雪白,像一团团棉花。5.离心现象的防止在水平公路上行驶的汽车,转弯时所需的向心力是由车轮与路面的静摩擦力提供的。如果转弯时速度过大,所需向心力F大于最大静摩擦力Fmax,汽车将做离心运动而造成交通事故。因此,在公路弯道处,车辆行驶不允许超过规定的速度。当高速转动的砂轮或者飞轮内部分子间相互作用力不足以提供所需向心力时,离心运动就会使他们破裂,甚至酿成事故。
(二)进行新课1、动能与势能的相互转化演示实验1:如右图,用细线、小球、带有标尺的铁架台等做实验。把一个小球用细线悬挂起来,把小球拉到一定高度的A点,然后放开,小球在摆动过程中,重力势能和动能相互转化。我们看到,小球可以摆到跟A点等高的C点,如图甲。如果用尺子在某一点挡住细线,小球虽然不能摆到C点,但摆到另一侧时,也能达到跟A点相同的高度,如图乙。问题:这个小实验中,小球的受力情况如何?各个力的做功情况如何?这个小实验说明了什么?学生观察演示实验,思考问题,选出代表发表见解。小球在摆动过程中受重力和绳的拉力作用。拉力和速度方向总垂直,对小球不做功;只有重力对小球能做功。实验证明,小球在摆动过程中重力势能和动能在不断转化。在摆动过程中,小球总能回到原来的高度。可见,重力势能和动能的总和保持不变。即机械能保持不变。
二、课堂教学(课前由科代表发回预习学案)1、教师根据预习学案检查结果提出问题(用多媒体展示),引导全班讨论(重点讨论:①、为什么动能的表达式一定是 mV2 ?你如何得出这个结论?②、力在一个过程中对物体所做的功,和物体在这个过程中动能的变化量有什么关系?你如何得出这个结论?这个做功的力和F=ma中的力F有什么关系)。有困难的小组应及时问老师。老师在这个过程中巡视指导。2、学生自主阅读课文“7 动能和动能定理”中的“动能的表达式”,然后完成如下练习(教师在此过程中巡视指导):2.1尝试推出动能的表达式(鼓励会推导的同学积极上台板演,老师引导讨论)。2.2写出动能的小结(认真阅读教材p66倒数第二段、第三段,结合你推导动能表达式的过程,认真思考后四人一组讨论:①、动能是矢量还是标量?②、动能的单位是什么?③、你认为应从哪几方面来理解动能?)
【学习内容分析】在行星运动规律与万有引力定律两节内容之间安排本节内容,是为了更突出发现万有引力定律的这个科学过程。如果说上一节内容是从运动学角度描述行星运动的话,那么,本节内容是从动力学角度来研究行星运动的,研究过程是依据已有规律进行的演绎推理过程。教科书在尊重历史事实的前提下,通过一些逻辑思维的铺垫,让学生以自己现有的知识基础身于历史的背景下,经历一次“发现”万有引力的过程,因此体验物理学研究问题的方法就成为主要的教学目标。【学情分析】在学太阳对行星的引力之前,学生已经对力、重力、向心力、加速度、重力加速度、向心加速度等概念有了较好的理解,并且掌握自由落体运动和圆周运动等运动规律,能熟练运用牛顿运动定律解决动力学问题。已经完全具备深入探究和学习万有引力定律的起点能力。所以在推导太阳与行星运动规律时,教师可以要求学生自主地运用原有的知识进行推导,并要求说明每一步推理的理论依据是什么,教师仅在难点问题上做适当的点拨。
1、教师先演示投影:把小钢珠放在黑墨水瓶盖里转一下(内有一点点墨水),再放在半圆形有机玻璃轨道上运动并飞出,让钢珠在白纸上留下痕迹,同样在3/5半圆周,4/5半圆周上运动飞出,让学生猜测飞出方向由什么特点?(有机玻璃板说明:厚约5毫米,略小于小钢珠直径,圆弧半径15厘米,MN边稍长些,以便过MN做直线,根据半径大小确定圆心O位置。)学生猜想:切线方向师:已知圆弧半径为15厘米。如何验证?请用几何方法作图验证。生:标出飞出点和圆心,做圆心和飞出点的连线,用量角尺量出该连线和飞出轨迹直线的夹角,是否90度。2、再分组实验,提醒同桌配合,小心钢珠滚跑。实验完毕,要求作图验证,并互相讨论交流。3、交流和结论:师:要引导学生得出正确的科学结论:“圆周运动的物体的速度方向为该点的切线方向”,而不能直接得出“曲线运动的的物体速度方向为该点的切线方向”。