安装及运输费用为600x+800(12-x),根据题意得4000x+3000(12-x)≤40000,600x+800(12-x)≤9200.解得2≤x≤4,由于x取整数,所以x=2,3,4.答:有三种方案:①购买甲种设备2台,乙种设备10台;②购买甲种设备3台,乙种设备9台;③购买甲种设备4台,乙种设备8台.方法总结:列不等式组解应用题时,一般只设一个未知数,找出两个或两个以上的不等关系,相应地列出两个或两个以上的不等式组成不等式组求解.在实际问题中,大部分情况下应求整数解.三、板书设计1.一元一次不等式组的解法2.一元一次不等式组的实际应用利用一元一次不等式组解应用题关键是找出所有可能表达题意的不等关系,再根据各个不等关系列成相应的不等式,组成不等式组.在教学时要让学生养成检验的习惯,感受运用数学知识解决问题的过程,提高实际操作能力.
2、教学目标根据新课程理念,根据单元要求与课文教材特点,我确定以下三大目标:⑴知识目标:掌握重点字词,了解、把握课文内容、品味语言。⑵能力目标:学会小组自主合作探究,学会分析散文与语段、语言的方法。⑶情感目标:体会童年生活的情趣,关注自身的生活与成长,同时增加学生学习语文的兴趣,全面提高学生语文综合素养。3、教学重难点:本课是学生本学期的第一篇课文,也是本册、本单元的的第一篇课文。在上学期的语文学习的基础上,根据单元语课文特点,因此要把指导学生养成语文学习习惯与掌握学习方法作为本课教学重点。从理解课文方面看,难点在于让学生理解作者是怎样将美好的童年生活内容与情趣表现出来的,所以要将此点作为难点来突破。由此可见,两者相辅相成,互相渗透,而利用课件为学生提供形象生动的画面与针对性的探讨,创设情境加强对学生学习方法的指导与学生主体自主学习、合作探讨是突破本课教学重难点的关键。
一、说教材《赫尔墨斯和雕像者》选自人教版七年级上册第六单元《寓言四则》中的第一则寓言,本单元主要是一些有趣的故事,通过故事揭示道理。学情分析:学生在小学已经学过一些寓言故事的基础上,能够联系自己的生活体验积极思考和表达自己的观点。(根据新课标要求、寓言的特征和学生的实际情况)二、说教学目标知识与能力目标:了解寓言以及《伊索寓言》的知识;过程与方法目标:品味描写人物心理变化等细节描写,分析赫尔墨斯的性格特征;情感态度与价值观目标:正确理解寓意,树立正确的人生处事态度。三、说重难点(本单元要求:学习《伊索寓言》时重在让学生揣摩人物的语言、表情。)重点:揣摩人物的心理变化等细节描写。难点:多元理解寓意,培养学生发散思维。
预设:①《大堰河——我的保姆》中“她含着笑,洗着我们的衣服,/她含着笑,提着菜篮到村边的结冰的池塘去,/她含着笑,切着冰屑悉索的萝卜,/她含着笑,用手掏着猪吃的麦糟,/她含着笑,扇着炖肉的炉子的火,/她含着笑,背了团箕到广场上去”几句运用了排比、复沓等手法,既增强了气势,又将大堰河的勤劳表现得淋漓尽致,使人物形象更加鲜明感人。②“为什么我的眼里常含泪水?/因为我对这土地爱得深沉……”(《我爱这土地》)和“请给我以火,/给我以火!”(《煤的对话》)运用了设问、对话、呼告等手法,增强了诗歌语言的表现力。(2)第二组的第一队从散文化、口语化和语言的繁简角度赏析。预设:①“你们都来吧/你们都来参加/不论站在街旁/还是站在屋檐下/你们都来吧/你们都来参加/女人们也来/抱着小孩的也来”。(《火把》)诸如此类口语化的语言在这首诗中随处可见。作者用凡高那样粗犷而炽烈的浓笔,为我们绘出一幅真实的历史画面。
二、初读,解读“早行”,感受意象的丰富1.寻读意象课件出示:诗人围绕“早行”一词,写了哪些典型特征的细节、景物?如何体现“早行”?学生自由诵读、思考交流。教师点拨:颔联十种景物的十个名词——鸡、声、茅、店、月、人、迹、板、桥、霜。一词一景,让我们获得广阔的想象空间,组成意韵丰富的画面。这就是古典诗歌的“意象叠加”法。预设:诗歌中处处体现“早行”,如“晨起动征铎”(清晨起床,车马铃声叮叮当当),“鸡声茅店月”(鸡鸣早看天),“人迹板桥霜”(莫道君行早,更有早行人),“枳花明驿墙”(“明”反衬“天暗”,说明“早”)。2.延读意象叠加的诗句课件出示:(1)枯藤老树昏鸦,小桥流水人家,古道西风瘦马。(马致远《天净沙·秋思》)(2)楼船夜雪瓜洲渡,铁马秋风大散关。(陆游《书愤》)(3)细草微风岸,危樯独夜舟。(杜甫《旅夜抒怀》)(4)桃李春风一杯酒,江湖夜雨十年灯。(黄庭坚《寄黄几复》)
课件出示:少年时指青年时期,从辛弃疾的生平看,这时的他正处于金人统治区内,看到沦陷区的人们在异族的奴役之下,作为血气方刚的爱国青年,油然而生收复失地的报国之志。因而这时的愁情也是真实存在的,那就是对沦陷区人民的同情,对国土沦丧的耻辱感,这时的愁,更多的是一种渴望收复中原、建立不世功业的志愿和动力,是昂扬而充满激情的。2.深入思考,体会“愁”的含蓄之美(1)比较少年时登楼与而今登楼的目的有何不同?预设:少年时登楼,是为了登高望远,抒发自己的豪情壮志。而今登楼,是为了排遣内心的悲愤之情。(2)是什么原因使词人“欲说还休”?预设:统治者处处排挤、打击他,他处处受猜忌,所以有愁不敢说。更主要的原因是,一生抱负付之流水,鬓发苍苍,功业无成,而又没有知音,无人理解。这种孤独的愁情,跟谁诉说,说了又有什么用,这中间也包含着对南宋朝廷的无限失望。因为这种失望,所以辛弃疾“欲说还休”。
1.主持人致开幕词。2.参赛选手按时到场、抽签。3.主持人介绍比赛规则和评分细则。(1)分年级比赛,各年级同时进行,并根据相同的评分标准来评奖。(2)比赛规则:①参赛选手须使用普通话,尽可能脱稿朗诵,并富有感情色彩,辅以丰富的肢体语言;②每位选手比赛时间限定在3-5分钟,如果超时或不足,评委将适当扣分;③比赛顺序由抽签决定,中途不得变更顺序,比赛需紧凑进行,选手上场迟到2分钟以上则视为弃权;④参赛选手须严格遵守比赛规则,在比赛过程中若有异议,由评委会裁定。4.主持人报幕,请选手上台朗诵。5.比赛结束后,邀请评委上台发言,工作人员进行统分。6.主持人宣布比赛结果,请嘉宾为获奖者颁奖。7.主持人宣布本次比赛结束,请嘉宾和评委退场。四、课后巩固,布置作业1.布置学生课后搜集艾青的一篇经典的、适合个人朗诵的诗歌,在课下作朗诵练习。
教学参考时间:5分钟(1)教师课前在教室里藏好一些动物和人物的图片。(2)给全班学生一分钟时间寻找。(3)请找到图片的学生根据图片上的人物或动物正在做的动作表演对话。活动七:猜一猜教学参考时间:5分钟(1)教师一只手拿一张图片,另一只手用白纸遮住图片,一边慢慢抽动白纸,一边问:What are the…s doing? 学生用They are…猜图片中的内容。(2)猜对的学生上台主持游戏。(3)教师也可以在白纸上剪几个圆洞盖在图片上,慢慢移动白纸的位置让学生猜白纸下面图片的内容。(4)也可以分组利用词卡做该游戏。4、Consolidation and extension (巩固与扩展)活动八:练一练教学参考时间:5分钟(1)活动手册Ask and write. 让学生看一看两个表格,找规律做问答,然后再把表格中所缺单词写出来。(2)活动手册Let’s find out.让学生仔细观察两幅图找出不同的地方,并用英语表达出来。活动九:小结教学参考时间:1分钟本课我们学习了如何询问他、她、它们正在做什么What are they doing? 及回答:They are…5、板书
学生搜集中外重要节日及部分中外名人的生日所在的月份。教师准备相关节日及部分中外名人的图片或音像资料片。教师课前准备Let’s find out2的配图画好春、夏、秋、冬四个方框。录音:Listen and number。教学过程:Warm up (热身)活动一复习单词教学参考时间:3分钟(1)教师播放Let’s chant部分的歌谣,学生听一遍后跟唱。(2)出示带有各个月份特征的单词卡片。学生看图说出单词,并一起拼读其缩写形式。帮助学生在有节奏的说唱中巩固记忆单词,为在后面活动中学生能够熟练应用作铺垫。活动二 复习句子教学参考时间:5分钟(1)师生同唱Let’s chant部分歌谣“When Is Your Birthday?”。(2)教师引导学生看歌谣下面的翻滚过山车的动画,师生进行问答,如:When is the rabbit’s birthday? It’s in May. 等。教师示范后请学生进行Pair work,也可以展开竞赛的形式进行“连锁问答”。巩固有关生日问答的语句,为Let’s find out1的活动做准备。
教学参考时间:2—3分钟教师让学生说出几个家庭成员名称,如:father, mother, sister, brother, uncle等,自己或让学生把单词写在黑板的一侧,再让学生说出几个动词短语的-ing形式,如:washing clothes, writing an e-mail, watching TV等,写到黑板的另一侧。学生在家庭成员名称和动词短语中分别选三至四个,自己编成一首歌谣。课后,可以让学生将创作的歌谣进行展示或举行歌谣朗读比赛。5、Consolidation and extension (扩展活动)活动十:知识扩展教学参考时间:1—2 分钟教师让学生打开书第54页Good to know 部分,了解主要国家的紧急救助电话。如:美国,英国,加拿大,澳大利亚等。教师还帮助学生了解我国的紧急救助电话号码。教师可以利用道具电话让学生做游戏。活动十一:练一练教学参考时间:2—3 分钟做本单元B Let’s talk部分的活动手册第37页的配套练习。教师讲解题目要求。教师播放录音,做Listen and number 部分练习。要求按所听内容在图上写出序号。再次播放,让学生按录音内容填空。鼓励学生自己读读所写句子。
学生初步了解对话内容,在描述中培养学生的语言运用能力。(2)教师让学生自己阅读本部分对话,不理解的生词和句子可以和同学或老师共同商讨。(3)教师帮助学生理解句子:“The weather report says it’s going to rain tomorrow. I can’t play football in the rain. I can’t go hiking, either. Let’s watch TV together.”出示图片:1) 晴天,Zoom在踢足球,图下显示:today;2)天在下雨,Zoom和Zip在屋里看电视,图下显示:tomorrow。与学生展开对话T:What’s the weather like today? S:It’s fine/ sunny. T:What does the weather report say about tomorrow?S:It’s going to rain.T:The weather report says it’s going to rain tomorrow.(呈现句子)(学生重复句子The weather report says it’s going to rain tomorrow.,并说出意思。)T:Can you play football in the rain?S:No,I can’t.T:Can you go hiking ?S:No,I can’t.T:In the rain, we can’t play football. We can’t go hiking, either. (呈现:either)学生跟读either,感悟单词的用法,教师讲解意思:(不......),也不...启发学生用either说两句话:In the rain, I can’t ... I can’t ..., either,从而在应用中巩固单词的读音和用法。
Teaching Goal:1. General aims:Talk about recent past events2. Particular aims:A. Language Focus.Talk about recent past events and think of the past events.B. Language goalsHow was….?It was …What did …do over the weekend?C. Language structures:(1). How was your weekend? I was great. Pay attention to no form.(2). What did you do over the weekend? I played soccer. We went to the beach.D. Useful words and phrases:Words: was, did, went, beach, over, project, test, wasn’t, false, number, geography, spend, week, most, mixture, their, had, little, cook, read, saw, change, everyone, sit, sat, no, anythingPhrases: did one’s homework, played soccer, cleaned my room, went to the beach, played tennis, went to the movies, on Saturday morning, over the weekend, cook … for, what about, do some reading, have a party, talk show, go shoppingE. Grammar language:Present simple past tenseRegular and irregular verbsF. Learning strategies:Tour and holidaysG. Interdiscipinary:H. Emotion and manner:Teaching time: 5 periodsTeaching procedures:Period One教学步骤、时间 教师活动 学生活动 媒体应用Step 1Free talk 3’ Ask some questions like:Who’s on duty today?What’s the weather like? Answer and talk about something.让同学们回答下列问题1. Do you like weekend? (Let some students answer)It takes them three minutes to talk about the question.2. Why do you like weekend? (let the students answer) Most of the students like the weekend此时教师用汉语问:“在周末期间问你干了什么?这句话用英语这么回答?Let the students guess.At last the teacher give them right answer3. What did you do over the weekend?(板书、学习)
Period 2 (3a----Section B 2c)Preview(Pre-task): Key points: What laAdd another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardnguage does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Preview(Pre-task): Add another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardKey points: What language does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Step 1 Revision1.Revisionand dictation of the new words 2.Revise the drills they learned yesterday.(by pairwork and grammar exercise)Step 2 Leading-inT has a conversation with one student. The conversation is following:---Do you have a pen pal?---Yes, I do.---What's your pen pal's name? ---His/Her name is....---Where is your pen pal from? ---He/She is from...---Where does he/she live? ---He/She lives in....---What language does he/she speak?He/She speaks...Write the new words on the Bb. They are following: EnglishChineseJapaneseFrenchStep 3 LearnLearn the new words with the whole class.Finish 3a with the students3b Pairwork T still does an example with one student Then the Ss practise in pairs. The example is following:--Curry Muray is my pen pal. He is from the United States.---What language does he speak?
三、教学建议第一课时:1. Lead in (Vocabulary)A) Before class, teacher should collect some pictures of working places. For example: Bank, TV Station, Restaurant, Police Station, Hospital ...B) In class, show students the pictures (PowerPoint, OHP). Ask students to tell the name of the working places and the name of the jobs.Shop assistant, doctor, actor, reporter, police office, waiter, bank clerk, studentC) Do exercise 1a and 3a.2. Bingo GameAsk groups of students to make up pairs of cards with a job on one and the related workplace on the other. For example, waiter / restaurant, teacher / school, doctor / hospital. Encourage students to use both the job / workplace combinations in the book and the ones that students came up during class discussions. Be sure they have twice as many sets of cards as there are students in the group. They can make two sets of cards for a single job / workplace, if necessary. Then have each group mix up its set of cards and hand their cards out in random order. Each time a student gets a pair of cards that match, he or she can lay these cards down. The goal is to have no cards in your hand at the end.3. Task OneA) Ask students to work in pairs and ask the partner what does he / she want to be in the future.e. g. :What do you / does he / does she want to be?I want to be a.Why?Because it's (adj).B) Vocabulary: Section B, 1a4. Homework 1.2.
1 Each group choose one place to describe and what you are doing in it Choose one place, and describe what they are doing 2 Move around the room and give suggestions Talk about it and write it down 3 Ask one to show their works and act it Choose one of each group to make a report 4 Evaluate the best group and the best reporter Choose the best one Homework Ask your friends their ideal place and write about it教学反思:新课程标准中强调学生在课堂中的主体地位,在综合课中他们的主体地位就更加突出。在各个活动中给不同程度的学生不同层次的任务,让各层面的学生都有表现发挥的机会,从而产生对英语的兴趣。使用照片图片多媒体来辅助教学,效果更好。同时让了解其他国家风景,风俗的同学介绍ideal place,增加学生的背景知知识,实现跨学科交流的目的。教案点评:采用任务型教学模式,在各个活动中给不同程度的学生不同层次的任务,让各层面的学生都有表现发挥的机会,从而产生对英语的兴趣。使用照片图片多媒体来辅助教学,效果更好。让了解其他国家风景,风俗的同学介绍ideal place,增加学生的背景知识,实现跨学科交流的目的。
2.1Match the country with the language.Step II Reading3a? let the students read the letter fast and answer the questions.? Let the students ask more questions about the letter as possible as the can.Step III Writing3b.Step IV. Pairwork2cStep V Listening2a, 2bStep V. HomeworkExercises book(1) P3Exercises book (2) P3Period FourStep I . Dictate the words and sentences in Unit1.Step II. Self-checkStep III. Check the answers for Exercises book in the unit.Step IV. Home workRevise and preparation for unit 2.教学反思:通过本单元的学习,学生基本可以谈论人们的国籍,居住城市及其所说的语言,通过书信方式去介绍自己并寻找笔友。但在涉及到国外的一些城市时,学生对这方面的知识相对欠缺,能介绍的城市并不多,也反应出学生课前预习不充分,这跟学生学习条件也有关,大多数学生无法通过网络获取所需信息。因此,在以后的教学中要多指导学生通过计算机网络获取信息,拓宽知识面。
五、教学Section B-2c1. Pair work: What do you think of the belt/sunglasses/…? What does your father/mother/… think of your scarf/belt…?2. Group work(1). Teacher shows some different kinds of school uniforms (制服)and asks : “ What do you think of your school uniforms? If you have a chance to choose your school uniforms, what kind would you like to choose?”(2). Discuss in groups.(3).Get some Ss to report in class.说明:这一步旨在让学生运用已有的语言知识谈论对事物的看法和意见,并简单阐明理由,培养学生的主动思维能力和运用英语的能力。六、教学拓展调查电视节目的收视率任务:调查你周围的人对现在各种电视节目的反响。活动过程:1.教师布置任务,让学生调查周围的人(包括他的亲戚朋友和邻居)喜欢收看哪方面的电视节目。2.学生进行调查活动,运用本单元所学的句型What do you think of….? (Why?)What's your favorite game shows?What do you think of talk show?I doesn’t mind it.I like it.I love it.I can’t stand it.3.记录下排在前10位的TV Program,填写调查表,比较其收视率。
句型: Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.Did she go to Central Park?Yes,she did.No, she didn’t语法:一般过去时特殊疑问句、一般疑问句及肯、否定回答。课时安排4课时第一课时:Section A:la,1b,lc,2a,2b,2c 第二课时:Section A:3a,3b,4第三课时:Section B:1,2a,2b,2c第四课时:Section B:3a,3b,3c,4 and Self Check第一课时教学目标掌握描写假期生活的形容词。假期里自己所做事情的简单表达。谈论假期做的事情及当时情况。谈论假期时旅游的天气,旅游者以及食物等。教学过程一、导入播放一首英文歌曲:Let’s travel 说明:通过让学生听节奏欢快迪斯尼英语歌曲Let’s travel.引入本节课谈论的话题vacation and travel. 让歌曲使学生的思维活跃,增强课堂气氛,激发学生提高学习英语的兴趣。T:How is the trip ?Ss : It’s pretty good/ happy/exciting /relaxing/busy/dangerous/ fantastic说明:这个问题是为了操练形容词。建议让多个Ss作答。鼓励他们用不同的形容词。上述个别形容词本应在第二课时中出现,但可以在warming-up中第一次非正式出现。这些形容词也可在老师的评价语中适时出现,以加深学生对词汇的印象。
单元整体说明(一)单元教材分析本单元的核心话题是描述动物和表达个人喜好,以及句式why do you like…? Because…。这也是本单元的教学重点。通过本单元的学习,学生应能较流利地运用所学词汇和句型描述动物,表达个人喜好。(二)单元知识结构1.词汇动物名称 tiger, elephant, koala, dolphin, etc.词汇描述性形容词: smart, cute, ugly, clever, shy, etc.国家名: Australia, South Africa2.句型Why do you like koala hears? Because they are cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(三)单元整体目标1.Master the vocabulary2.Master and use: Why do you like koalas? Because they am cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(四)单元教学重难点一览(五)单元学情分析学生此前已经学过由why, where, what 引导的特殊疑问句句型,具有了学习本单元知识的认知前提。形形色色的动物能激发学生的好奇心,产生了解它们的欲望,这有利于本单元知识的教学和学生学习兴趣的培养。
所需要用到的句子:Who is that?That is Jack. I like him.Why do you like him?I like him because he is interesting.Task 4: 设计理想中的人类Step one: 设计理想中的人类的外貌。把全班同学分成若干小组,学生可以边说边在纸上画出他们的模样。Step two: 设计理想中人类的性格。学生们可以把那些能描述性格的单词写在图画的旁边。Step three: 每组选出一名同学,其他同组同学提问,他作简单回答,并说明原因。所需用到的句子:What does he or she look like?He or she ...What is he or she like?He or she is ...Why?Because ...Task 5: 挑战性活动调查性格是天生的还是后天形成的,让每个同学回家去调查一下自己成长过程中性格是否有变化,具体是怎样的,为什么会这样? Teaching Aims:1. Enable students to have a general understanding of how to talk about people's physical appearance.2. Enable students to tackle some essential vocabularies and patterns about describing people. Provide them with necessary skills and methods.3. Create various chances for students to describe the persons they're familiar with, such as classmates, family members, teachers, idols, etc.