The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
二、直线与抛物线的位置关系设直线l:y=kx+m,抛物线:y2=2px(p>0),将直线方程与抛物线方程联立整理成关于x的方程k2x2+2(km-p)x+m2=0.(1)若k≠0,当Δ>0时,直线与抛物线相交,有两个交点;当Δ=0时,直线与抛物线相切,有一个切点;当Δ<0时,直线与抛物线相离,没有公共点.(2)若k=0,直线与抛物线有一个交点,此时直线平行于抛物线的对称轴或与对称轴重合.因此直线与抛物线有一个公共点是直线与抛物线相切的必要不充分条件.二、典例解析例5.过抛物线焦点F的直线交抛物线于A、B两点,通过点A和抛物线顶点的直线交抛物线的准线于点D,求证:直线DB平行于抛物线的对称轴.【分析】设抛物线的标准方程为:y2=2px(p>0).设A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2).直线OA的方程为: = = ,可得yD= .设直线AB的方程为:my=x﹣ ,与抛物线的方程联立化为y2﹣2pm﹣p2=0,
二、典例解析例4.如图,双曲线型冷却塔的外形,是双曲线的一部分,已知塔的总高度为137.5m,塔顶直径为90m,塔的最小直径(喉部直径)为60m,喉部标高112.5m,试建立适当的坐标系,求出此双曲线的标准方程(精确到1m)解:设双曲线的标准方程为 ,如图所示:为喉部直径,故 ,故双曲线方程为 .而 的横坐标为塔顶直径的一半即 ,其纵坐标为塔的总高度与喉部标高的差即 ,故 ,故 ,所以 ,故双曲线方程为 .例5.已知点 到定点 的距离和它到定直线l: 的距离的比是 ,则点 的轨迹方程为?解:设点 ,由题知, ,即 .整理得: .请你将例5与椭圆一节中的例6比较,你有什么发现?例6、 过双曲线 的右焦点F2,倾斜角为30度的直线交双曲线于A,B两点,求|AB|.分析:求弦长问题有两种方法:法一:如果交点坐标易求,可直接用两点间距离公式代入求弦长;法二:但有时为了简化计算,常设而不求,运用韦达定理来处理.解:由双曲线的方程得,两焦点分别为F1(-3,0),F2(3,0).因为直线AB的倾斜角是30°,且直线经过右焦点F2,所以,直线AB的方程为
二、典例解析例5. 如图,一种电影放映灯的反射镜面是旋转椭圆面(椭圆绕其对称轴旋转一周形成的曲面)的一部分。过对称轴的截口 ABC是椭圆的一部分,灯丝位于椭圆的一个焦点F_1上,片门位另一个焦点F_2上,由椭圆一个焦点F_1 发出的光线,经过旋转椭圆面反射后集中到另一个椭圆焦点F_2,已知 〖BC⊥F_1 F〗_2,|F_1 B|=2.8cm, |F_1 F_2 |=4.5cm,试建立适当的平面直角坐标系,求截口ABC所在的椭圆方程(精确到0.1cm)典例解析解:建立如图所示的平面直角坐标系,设所求椭圆方程为x^2/a^2 +y^2/b^2 =1 (a>b>0) 在Rt ΔBF_1 F_2中,|F_2 B|= √(|F_1 B|^2+|F_1 F_2 |^2 )=√(〖2.8〗^2 〖+4.5〗^2 ) 有椭圆的性质 , |F_1 B|+|F_2 B|=2 a, 所以a=1/2(|F_1 B|+|F_2 B|)=1/2(2.8+√(〖2.8〗^2 〖+4.5〗^2 )) ≈4.1b= √(a^2 〖-c〗^2 ) ≈3.4所以所求椭圆方程为x^2/〖4.1〗^2 +y^2/〖3.4〗^2 =1 利用椭圆的几何性质求标准方程的思路1.利用椭圆的几何性质求椭圆的标准方程时,通常采用待定系数法,其步骤是:(1)确定焦点位置;(2)设出相应椭圆的标准方程(对于焦点位置不确定的椭圆可能有两种标准方程);(3)根据已知条件构造关于参数的关系式,利用方程(组)求参数,列方程(组)时常用的关系式有b2=a2-c2等.
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2.动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动词ing②名词所有格+动词ing③代词宾格+动词ing④名词+动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗?无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了,他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
(一)教材的地位和作用《海陆分布》主要介绍世界的海洋与陆地的概况,是学生在学习了《认识地球》等章节的基础上,初步认识世界海陆的分布,是对前面所学习内容的拓展和延伸;同时学好本节有助于学生学习八年级上册的气候、居民及下册的世界分区地理。所以这一节的内容显得十分重要。
贷款消费不仅满足了消费者的生活需要,提高了消费者的生活质量,而且促进了经济的发展,特别是我国经济发展进入买方市场后,贷款消费对扩大内需,拉动经济的增长起来重要的作用。所以,我们要转变传统的消费观念,以积极的态度来对待贷款消费,通过贷款消费满足来满足当前的需要,通过生活质量。当然,在贷款消费是也要考虑自己的偿还能力,还要讲究信用,按时还贷。(3)按消费的目的不同,可分为生存资料消费、发展资料消费和享受资料消费。其中生存资料消费是最基本的消费。随着经济水平的提高,发展资料和享受资料消费将逐渐增加。3、消费结构 教师活动:引导学生看书,指出(1)消费结构的含义:就是指人们各类消费支出在消费总支出中所占的比重。教师活动:引导学生分析个人及家庭消费状况的变化,说明对消费结构的理解,并总结消费结构的变化特点。学生活动:积极讨论,踊跃发言
(三)课堂小结接着进行课堂小结,先让学生自主总结,教师结合学生的总结,补充完善总结本节课的知识。并进行感情升华。这样设计课堂小结,是为了让学生学会自主总结知识,加深印象,教师总结帮助学生理清本课知识结构,并起到升华本节课的感情基调,落实教学目标。(四)课堂练习我将设计两道题让同学们做,巩固课堂知识。本课题板书设计我主要采用大纲的形式展现,让学生一目了然,便于识记和理解主干知识。五、教学预测最后我对本节课教学的效果进行预测:在这个教学过程中我都是从学生生活中感知的现象入手,设计情境,预设学生的分析,学生的体验,学生的感知,教师的点拨等。设计问题,学生自主合作探究,完成教学!通过这样的学习我想一定会收到较好的教学效果,当然,在实际的教学中,肯定也会出现一些意想不到的情况,我还会根据教学过程中的动态变化,及时地调整和修改预设内容。
一、 教学目标根据教学大纲的要求以及本节课的地位与作用,结合高一学生的认知特点确定教学目标如下:学习目标:1、复习巩固对数函数的图像及性质2、运用对数函数的性质比较两个数的大小能力目标:1、 培养学生运用图形解决问题的意识即数形结合能力2、学生运用已学知识,已有经验解决新问题的能力3、 探索出方法,有条理阐述自己观点的能力
一、 引入课题1. 复习初中所学函数的概念,强调函数的模型化思想;2. 阅读课本引例,体会函数是描述客观事物变化规律的数学模型的思想:(1)炮弹的射高与时间的变化关系问题;(2)南极臭氧空洞面积与时间的变化关系问题;(3)“八五”计划以来我国城镇居民的恩格尔系数与时间的变化关系问题3. 引导学生应用集合与对应的语言描述各个实例中两个变量间的依赖关系;4. 根据初中所学函数的概念,判断各个实例中的两个变量间的关系是否是函数关系.
教师总结:近二十多年来,我国个人所得税的征收发展迅速,这也反映了我国经济水平、人民生活收入有了较大提高。与增值税的计税方法不同,个人所得税采用累进税率的计税办法,就是个人所得越高,税率越高,纳税人个人收入越多,缴纳个人所得税越多。这一特点从教材83页个人所得税税率表上可以看出。教师点拨:个人所得税的计算办法是分段计算的,个人收入800元以内不计税,多余800元以上部分,按不同税率分段计税。请同学们计算教材所列题目。学生活动:计算。应税所得额:4000元;不超过500元部分:25元;500――2000元部分:150元;2000――4000元部分:300元;累计所得税:475元教师活动:同学们想一想,这样计算个人所得税有什么意义呢?学生活动:认真思考,回答问题教师点拨:有利于增加财政收入,有利于调节个人收入分配,实现社会公平。(三)课堂总结、点评
在学生明确了税收的含义之后,我将分别对税收的三个基本特征进行解析。在讲解了之后,并分别用实例对其进行说明,加深学生对知识点的印象。最重要的是,总结出关键的字眼,使得学生能够清晰的区分出税收的三个基本特征。将强制性概括为依法征税、依法纳税;无偿性概括为不具有偿还性和返还型;固定性概括为规定应不应纳税、纳什么税、纳多少税。并跟学生指出,强制性是基本前提,无偿性是核心。由此根据书上的内容,推导出税收的三个基本特征相互之间的关系,即:三者缺一不可,统一于税法。而且,无偿性要求强制性,强制性保障无偿性;而无偿性与强制性又共同决定固定性。从而结束新课讲授。3、课堂总结根据板书内容重新回顾本课学习的主要内容,包括税收的含义,以及税收的三个基本特征和它们之间的相互关系。4、作业布置让学生预习税收的种类的内容,尤其是增值税和个人所得税。同时了解父母每月所缴纳的个人所得税和怎么计算的。
(4)从平均分看,两队的平均分相同,实力大体相当;从折线的走势看,甲队比赛成绩呈上升趋势,而乙队比赛成绩呈下降趋势;从获胜场数看,甲队胜三场,乙队胜两场,甲队成绩较好;从方差看,甲队比赛成绩比乙队比赛成绩波动小,甲队成绩较稳定.综上所述,选派甲队参赛更能取得好成绩.方法总结:本题是反映数据集中程度与离散程度的综合题.从图形中得到两队的成绩,然后从平均数、方差的角度来考虑,在平均数相同的情况下,方差越小的越稳定.三、板书设计数据的离散程度极差:一组数据中最大数据与最小数据的差方差:各个数据与平均数差的平方的平均数 s2=1n[(x1-x)2+(x2-x)2+…+(xn-x)2]标准差:方差的算术平方根 公式:s=s2经历表示数据离散程度的几个量的探索过程,通过实例体会用样本估计总体的统计思想,培养学生的数学应用能力.通过小组合作,培养学生的合作意识;通过解决实际问题,让学生体会数学与生活的密切联系.
点拨:旅游地旅游资源的特色不同,可以安排的旅游活动是不一样的,直接影响对旅游者的吸引力。因此,出游前首先就需要收集旅游地旅游资源的类型、主要游览景区、景点的特色等情况。旅游地的时空可达性直接关系到旅游者从出发地到旅游地,然后再返回出发地的费用和时间。一般来说,居住地与旅游地之间的空间距离过大,会使旅行的时间过长、旅行费用过高,经济距离增加,相应地降低了旅游者的出游能力。而居住地与旅游地相距遥远,也意味着两地之间巨大的环境差异,这会增加对游客的吸引力。旅游服务设施和条件,如旅游交通方式及工具、旅游住宿条件、旅游餐饮的种类和标准、导游服务、旅行费用等信息也都在一定程度上影响着游客的选择。图5.3西藏布达拉宫和图5.4云南香格里拉两幅图片显示了西藏布达拉宫、云南香格里拉与众不同的优美景观,吸引了众多的游客前来观光旅游,成为近年来国内旅游的热点。
2.学情分析从学生的认知基础看,学生在初中已经学习了轴对称图形和中心对称图形,并且有了一定数量的简单函数的储备。同时,刚刚学习了函数单调性,已经积累了研究函数的基本方法与初步经验。从学生的思维发展看,高一学生思维能力正在由形象经验型向抽象理论型转变,能够用假设、推理来思考和解决问题.
1. Ss look at the picture and scan the passage to understand the main idea while teacher is giving the following questions to inspire Ss to think.*Where are those people?*What are they doing?*Why are they so excited?2. Ss complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form. Then discuss and check the answers with class.Answers: boring, interesting, taking, exciting, amazing3. The teacher raises questions for the students to discuss and encourages them to express their opinions.*Do you like La Tomatina? Why or why not?4. Each group representative reports the discussion result, the teacher gives feedback and the evaluation.Step 6 PracticeActivity 41. Ss complete the Ex 2 in Using structures.2. Check the answers after finishing the exercises.①The dragon boat races are the most exciting part of the Dragon Boat Festival.② The children were excited to go Easter egg hunting.③What an amazing performance! This is the best music festival I have ever been to.④We were amazed by her funny-looking hat.⑤His inspiring speech at the conference won the admiration/ favour of the audience.⑥This is a challenging game to test your memory and observation capabilities. 3. T asks Ss to finish Ex 3 and 4 in Using structures by themselves, then check the answers with class.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握动词-ing形式作定语和表语的功能和意义;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否在理解文段内容的基础上,根据上下文语境和表达逻辑,能正确运用动词-ing形式描述节日庆典。3、通过本节内容学习,学生是否归纳和积累用于表达情绪的相关词汇。
本板块的活动主题是“谈论节日活动”(Talk about festival activities),主要是从贴近学生日常生活的角度来切入“节日”主题。学生会听到发生在三个国家不同节日场景下的简短对话,对话中的人们正在参与或将要亲历不同的庆祝活动。随着全球化的进程加速,国际交流日益频繁,无论是国人走出国门还是外国友人访问中国,都已成为司空见惯的事情。因此,该板块所选取的三个典型节日场景都是属于跨文化交际语境,不仅每组对话中的人物来自不同的文化背景,对话者的身份和关系也不尽相同。1. Master the new words related to holiday: the lantern, Carnival, costume, dress(sb)up, march, congratulation, congratulate, riddle, ceremony, samba, make - up, after all. 2. To understand the origin of major world festivals and the activities held to celebrate them and the significance of these activities;3. Improve listening comprehension and oral expression of the topic by listening and talking about traditional festivals around the world;4. Improve my understanding of the topic by watching pictures and videos about different traditional festivals around the world;5. Review the common assimilation phenomenon in English phonetics, can distinguish the assimilated phonemes in the natural language flow, and consciously use the assimilation skill in oral expression. Importance:1. Guide students to pay attention to the attitude of the speaker in the process of listening, and identify the relationship between the characters;2. Inspire students to use topic words to describe the festival activities based on their background knowledge. Difficulties:In the process of listening to the correct understanding of the speaker's attitude, accurately identify the relationship between the characters.
*wide range of origins(= a great number of different origins, many kinds of origins)*It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. (=A parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports were included as important parts of the Egyptian harvest festival.)*.. some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(= Some traditions may disappear gradually, while other new traditions may come into being.)Step 6 Practice(1) Listen and follow the tape.The teacher may remind the students to pay attention to the meaning and usage of the black words in the context, so as to prepare for the completion of the blanks in activity 5 and vocabulary exercises in the exercise book.(2) Students complete the text of activity 5 by themselves.The teacher needs to remind the students to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the vocabulary they have learned in the text.Students exchange their answers with their partners, and then teachers and students check their answers.(3)Finish the Ex in Activity 5 of students’ book.Step 7 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Discuss the origin of festivals, the historical changes of related customs, the influence of commercial society on festivals and the connotation and essential meaning of festivals.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否结合文本特点快速而准确地找到主题句;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否理清论说文的语篇结构和文本逻辑,了解节日风俗发展与变迁,感悟节日的内涵与意义。