◇本框题小结:◇3个体现:即人民代表大会制度是我国的根本政治制度的3个体现(1)、人民代表大会制度决定着国家的其他各种具体制度;(2)、人民代表大会制度是中国人民当家作主的最高形式和重要途径;(3)、人民代表大会制度是中国社会主义政治文明的重要制度载体。◇3个表现:即民主集中制确保国家权力协调高效的表现:(1)、从人民代表大会和人民的关系来看①各级人民代表受选民和原选举单位的监督,选民或选举单位有权罢免自己选举出的代表;②各级人民代表大会代表人民统一行使国家权力(2)、从人民代表大会与其他国家机关的关系来看①其他国家机关都由人民代表大会产生,对它负责、受它监督;②在人民代表大会统一行使国家权力的前提下,其他国家机关依照法定分工依法行使各自的职权。(3)、从中央和地方的关系来看①地方必须服从中央;②在保证中央统一领导的同时,必须考虑地方特殊利益,充分发挥地方的主动性和积极性。
(三)合作探究 精讲点拨一、发展的普遍性◇课堂探究:(1)从生命产生到人的出现,经历了一个什么样的过程?它说明了什么? (2)你认为人类的体质还会发展吗?◇探究提示:(1)从生命产生到人的出现,经历了从化学进化到生物进化的上升过程,最后产生了人类。人类的出现是自然界的一次巨大飞跃。它说明了自然界是不断变化发展的。(2)会发展。因为人类社会也是一个不断变化发展的过程。怎样理解唯物辩证法讲的发展的普遍性?(1)唯物辩证法所说的发展的普遍性包括三个层次:自然界是发展的、人类社会是发展的、人的认识是发展的。(2)自然界是发展的。自然界总是处在由低级到高级、由简单到复杂的运动过程中。自然界的发展是由物质世界的相互联系引起的。正是由于事物之间的相互作用,才构成了事物的变化和发展。
南极大地的水陆交接处,全是滑溜溜的冰层或者尖锐的冰棱。企鹅没有可以用来攀爬的前臂,也没有可以飞翔的翅膀,如何从水中上岸?纪录片《深蓝》展示,企鹅在将要上岸之时,要从海面潜入海中,沉潜到适当的深度,借用水的浮力,迅猛向上,飞出一道弧线,落于陆地之上。企鹅的沉潜是为了蓄势,看似笨拙,却富有成效。人生又何尝不是如此?沉潜绝非沉沦,而是勇敢、智慧、自强。如果我们在困难面前能沉下气来,不被“冰棱”吓倒,不被浮华迷惑,专心致志,自强不息,积聚力量,并抓住恰当的机会反弹向上,毫无疑问,我们就能成功登陆!反之,总是随波浮沉,或者怨天尤人,注定就会被命运的风浪所玩弄,直至精疲力竭。结合上述材料,运用《生活与哲学》知识对“价值观是人生的重要向导,有价值观的人生才是更美的人生”加以评析。7、有两名畜牧兽医专业毕业的大学生应聘到农村养猪场担任技术总监后,大力推广使用生态养猪法和中草药防疫技术,使养猪场步入了良性发展轨道。
一、教材分析第一目,矛盾的统一性和斗争性。世界上的一切事物都包含着两个方面——矛盾的定义——矛盾的两个基本属性——矛盾的同一性——矛盾的斗争性——同一性和斗争性的辩证关系。这一目的重点是让学生理解世界上的一切事物都包含着矛盾,没有矛盾就没有世界。第二目,矛盾的普遍性和特殊性。这一目逻辑顺序是:事事有矛盾,时时有矛盾——承认矛盾的普遍性是坚持唯物主义的前途——矛盾的特殊性及其三层涵义——矛盾的普遍性和特殊性的辩证关系——矛盾普遍性和特殊性关系的原理是矛盾问题的精髓。最后得出结论:马克思主义普遍原理与中国具体实际相结合体现了矛盾普遍性和特殊性的具体的历史的统一。学习了唯物辩证法的矛盾观,就要学会理论联系实际,学会在生活、学习和工作中进一步运用所学的知识,处理好生活中的实际问题
(三)合作探究、精讲点拨。探究一:探究问题:如何看待排名一名高中生在谈到“排名的二重性”时说:“我们既不能盲目地张扬排名,也不能简单地否定排名。作为学生,如果用片面的观点对待排名,排在前面沾沾自喜、骄傲自满,排在后面灰心丧气、一蹶不振,就会停滞不前,甚至倒退;如果通过排名了解自己的学习实力以及同别人的差距,做到知彼知己,扬长避短,就会出现先进更先进、后进赶先进的生动局面。”问题:(1)在排名问题上,人们的看法往往各不相同,这是为什么?(2)为什么我们应看到排名的“二重性”?(3)联系生活中类似的事例,谈谈生活与哲学的关系。教师活动:指导学生阅读以上的材料,并思考所提问题。学生活动:阅读材料,分组讨论问题,发表自己的观点,分析材料中包含的哲学道理。教师点评:(1)在排名问题上,人们的看法不同,主要是因为人们的思维方法不同。
一、教材分析:本节课是高中思想政治课必修4《生活与哲学》第三单元第八课第二框的内容。《课程标准》对本节教学内容规定为:(1)事物的发展是前进性和曲折性的辩证关系原理以及理解新生事物为什么是不可战胜的和新事物的发展为什么不是一帆风顺的。(2)事物发展的两种状态:量变与质变和量变与质变的辩证统一原理。本节课框题设二个目:二、教学目标:1、 识记 理解 运用 新旧事物的含义2、衡量新旧事物的根本标志 新事物为什么能够战胜旧事物?3、新事物的发展为什么不是一帆风顺的? 运用事物的发展是前进性和曲折性统一的原理来正确看待我国社会主义在前进中出现的困难以及人生道路的曲折4、学会运用量变、质变关系原理分析问题三、教学重点和难点:重点:事物的发展是前进性和曲折性的统一,任何事物的变化是量变与质变的统一。难点:新事物的发展为什 么不是一帆风顺的即事物发展的曲折性。
1、(1)黄筌为什么无法改动吴道子的画?(2)如果让你改动这幅画,你会怎样做?谈谈你的看法。◇探究提示:(1)吴道子的画是一个整体,黄筌之所以无法改动此画就是因为画中食指挟鬼眼是整幅画的一部分,它的存在处于画的被支配地位,只能服从和服务于整幅画。一旦改动,则失去了其整体的功能。(2)不改。因为整体与部分又是辩证统一的。2、统筹城乡经济社会发展,要跨出传统的就农业论农业、就农村论农村的局限,站在国民经济发展的全局角度,建设社会主义新农村。这是现阶段解决“三农”问题的基本立场和思维方法。这一基本立场和思维方法体现的唯物辩证法道理( )A.要注意系统内部机构的优化B.要着眼于事物的整体性C.要坚持主观和客观的统一 D.要重视部分的作用,搞好局部解析:材料强调的是整体的重要性,要求站在国民经济发展的全局角度,统筹城乡经济社会发展。A、C、D三个选项不符合题意。正确答案为B。
一、教材分析人教实验版高中思想政治必修4第二单元第六课的第二框题。本框题所在单元的核心问题是如何看待我们周围的世界,该问题也是《生活与哲学》整本书的核心问题之一。而对这一问题的解决,单元中最终是由“在实践中追求和发展真理”来实现的。 本框题是所在单元的归宿,是对物质与意识、实践与认识关系的整体呈现与深华,是如何正确看到我们周围世界问题在世界观上的升华,是单元的最基本的知识目标之一。 二、教学目标(一)知识目标:识记真理的含义;理解真理最基本属性是客观性、真理是有条件的、具体的,认识具有反复性、无限性,在实践中认识、发现、检验、发展真理;分析“追求 真理是一个过程”。(二)能力目标:提高比较分析的能力和明辨是非的能力,培养学生具体问题具体分析的能力及用发展观点看问题的能力。(三)情感、态度与价值观目标:学会在现实生活中正确区分真理和谬误,正确对待人生道路上面临的挫折和困难,树立在实践中不断认识、丰富、发展真理的思想。
Step 2 Listening and Talking1. The teacher is advised to talk with their new students about the related topic: Boys and girls, do you know some structures to talk about future activities? Talking about future activitiesWe’ll …I plan to …There’ll be …I hope to …We’re going to …2. After their small talk, the teacher can move on by playing the listening and solve the following task.Underline the expressions in the sentences below Cao Jing and Max use to talk about the future.We’ll learn useful skills.I plan to improve my spoken English.There’ll be students from different schools.I hope to make new friends.We’ll talk about teenage life.I’ll learn to make a fire.There’ll be students from different countries at the camp.There’ll be some experts there to show us how to live in the wild.We’re going to learn about wildlife.I’m going to give a speech.I think I’m going to enjoy the activities.I think we’ll have a lot of fun.3. Work in groups. Plan a youth camp.Teacher make the Ss think of ideas for the camp. And they can use the questions below to get started. And have the Ss present their ideas for a youth camp to the class.●What kind of camp is it?●Who will be there?●What will they do?●What will they learn?
【教学目标与核心素养】1. Instruct students to get main facts by listening and motivate them to talk about the topics about how to prepare for the trip and make reservations by listening and ultimately can make travel arrangements and reservations. 2. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning and individual thinking capability. 3. Develop students’ different listening skills to solve different listening comprehensive problems.4. Help students to understand how to use the structures “the present continuous tense (be doing) is used to express future plans.【教学重难点】1. Teach students how to focus on key words, not on single words or grammar.2. Prompt Ss to talk about the related topics, such as how to prepare for the trip and make a travel plan.【教学过程】Step 1: Listening and SpeakingLead inThe teacher is advised to talk with their students about the places that they want to travel most both at home and abroad: boys and girls, if you have a chance to travel around the world, where will you go? After their small talk, the teacher can move on by finishing the following listening task:Before travelling, what do we need to prepare for the trip?
Finally, after finishing the task above, the teacher is expected to instruct students to work in groups to finish the following project:Speaking ProjectWhat event or activity would you like to invite your friend to? Make a conversation with a partner.Ski Race: Zhangjiakou, a beautiful city in northern China, will host the Youth Ski Race in December.Track Meet: a great event for track –and –field lovers on 26 October.Gym Class: come and work out at a gym! You can make it.Part 2: Listening and Talking:The teacher is advised to talk with their new students about the related topic: Boys and girls , what do you think of sportsmanship? Let’s listen and find out:Play the listening and match each opinion with the right speaker. Who do you agree with? Why?Cao Jing _____________ Lily _____________ Max _____________A. An athlete should do his/her best to win.B. The girl should stop and help the other girl. Good sportsmanship is more important than wining!C. An athlete should think about honor and his/her fans if he/she is competing for his/her country.Listen again and circle the expressions that you hear in the conversation.
【教材分析】This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: tag questions.This period carries a considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ spoken English. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercise of good quality.【教学目标与核心素养】1. Get students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of tag questions.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Develop students’ speaking and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.【教学重难点】1. How to enable students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of tag questions.2. How to enable students to use the basic usages of tag questions flexibly.【教学过程】Step1: 语法自主探究一、基本组成方法1.肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分(前肯后否) You often play badminton, don’t you? 你经常打羽毛球,是吗?You are going to the gym with me, aren’t you?你要和我一起去健身房,是吗?She’s been to shanghai before, hasn’t she? 她以前去过上海,是吗?2.否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分(前否后肯) It isn't a beautiful flower, is it? 那不是美丽的花,是吗?You didn't go skating yesterday, did you? 你昨天没去滑冰,是吗?They can’t finish it by Friday, can they?他们不能在星期五之前完成,是吗?
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
1. 这个寓言是一个关于一位国王古寓言。 The fable is an old fable about a king.2.作者用这个故事让读者对于社区的问题负有个人责任的必要印象深刻。The author used the story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.3. 这个故事十分成功的实现了它的目的。The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose.Step 7 WritingPlease write a review of the story according the outline above.The fable is an old fable about a king who thought his people are lazy, so he put a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waited to see if anyone will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers with the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community. The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose, and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However, while the moral of the story is clear, the actions of the king seemed pointless to me, because none of the characters in the story learnt anything. For this reason, I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people with the need for personal responsibility.Step 8 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer give a short description of the story ?2. Does the description include the most important details of the story ?3. Does the writer give his or her opinion about the character or their actions ?4. Is the review well-organised ? 5. Does the writer use the -ing form as the adverbial correctly in the writing ?6. Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors ?Step 9 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.