4.They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside.[归纳]1.过去将来时的基本构成和用法过去将来时由“would+动词原形”构成,主要表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作(尤其用于宾语从句中),还可以表示过去的动作习惯或倾向。Jeff knew he would be tired the next day.He promised that he would not open the letter until 2 o'clock.She said that she wouldn't do that again.2.表示过去将来时的其他表达法(1)was/were going to+动词原形:该结构有两个主要用法,一是表示过去的打算,二是表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。I thought it was going to rain.(2)was/were to+动词原形:主要表示过去按计划或安排要做的事情。She said she was to get married next month.(3)was/were about to+动词原形:表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作,由于本身已含有“即将”的意味,所以不再与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.(4)was/were+现在分词:表示在过去看来即将发生的动作,通常可用于该结构中的动词是come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等瞬间动词。Jack said he was leaving tomorrow.
一、说教材本节课选自于人教版语文必修二第二单元诗三首中的一首诗歌,它是陶渊明归隐后的作品。写的是田园之乐,实际表明的是作者不愿与世俗同流合污的心声,甘愿守着自己的拙志回归田园。学习该诗,有助于学生了解山水田园诗的特点,感受者作者不同流俗的高尚情操,同时可以培养学生初步的鉴赏古典诗歌的能力。
科学是人类认识世界的重要工具,阅读科普说明文不仅可以启迪心智,了解更多知识。而且更够激发学生对科学的兴趣。学习这些文章要注重学生科学精神的培养,关注科学探索的过程,感受科学家在科学探索中表现的人格魅力。我们知道一些科学家就是因为阅读了相关的科普文章才对某一学科产生兴趣,从而走上成功之路的。我们在讲解的时候可以跟学生列举一些例子,让学生认识到一篇好的科普文章的重大意义。
一、教学理念在新课改精神指导下,我在本课教学中力求贯彻以下教学理念:新课标的指引观 、生本位的学生观、探究式的学习观、多角色的教师观、 发展性的评价观二、教材地位《马克思主义的诞生》是人教版必修一第五单元第18课内容,本课讲述的是国际共产主义运动范畴的历史,是人类社会进入一个新的发展时期。从总体上概述了社会主义从空想到科学,从理论到实践的历程。说明了科学社会主义理论是历史发展的必然结果。本课在国际工运史上占有重要的地位。通过学习学生可对马克思主义加深了解,理解人类历史发展的必然趋势以及人类一直不断追求进步的精神,帮助学生树立正确的人生观、价值观,达到以史鉴今,服务现实的目的。
在这段教学中可以插入世界主要铁矿、煤矿,以及我国主要的矿产基地、钢铁生产基地的相关内容,不失为区域地理知识的很好补充和巩固。那么从现状来看我国的钢铁产业基地多数污染较为严重,可见工业区位的选择同样要顾及到环境的因素,由此引入下一部分的内容。除了传统意义上的工业区位因素外,环境、政策以及决策者的理念和心理等日益受到人们的关注。在这段文字的处理上,只需进行概念、道理上的陈述即可,重点要放在污染工业在城市中的布局这一知识点上。首先要了解什么工业会造成怎样的污染,然后根据污染的类别分别讲解不同的应对方略,最后将配以适当的例题以期提高学生的整体把握程度和综合运用能力。最后将对本节内容进行小结,要在小结中阐述清楚本节课的两大内容:即工业的区位因素和工业区位的选择。然后点明本节课的主要知识点、难点、重点。在时间允许的情况下可以适当安排几道有关主导产业和城市工业布局的例题加以练习。
培养学生合作交流意识和探究问题的能力,这一部分知识层层递进,符合学生由特殊到一般、由简单到复杂的认知规律。4、互动探究(1)极限思想的渗透让学生阅读“思考与讨论”小版块.培养学生的自学和阅读能力提出下列问题,进行分组讨论:a、用课本上的方法估算位移,其结果比实际位移大还是小?为什么?b、为了提高估算的精确度,时间间隔小些好还是大些好?为什么?针对学生回答的多种可能性加以评价和进一步指导。让学生从讨论的结果中归纳得出:△t越小,对位移的估算就越精确。渗透极限的思想。通过小组内分工合作,讨论交流,培养学生交流合作的精神,以及搜集信息、处理信息的能力;通过小组间对比总结,使学生学会在对比中发现问题,在解决问题过程中提高个人能力;
设计意图:几道例题及练习题,其中例1小车由静止启动开始行驶,以加速度 做匀加速运动,求2s后的速度大小?进而变式到:小车遇到红灯刹车……,充分体现了“从生活到物理,从物理到社会”的物理教学理念;例题及练习题由浅入深、由易到难、各有侧重,体现新课标提出的让不同的学生在物理上得到不同发展的教学理念。这一环节总的设计意图是反馈教学,内化知识。(6) 小结归纳,拓展深化我的理解是,小结归纳不应该仅仅是知识的简单罗列,而应该是优化认知结构,完善知识体系的一种有效手段,为充分发挥学生的主题作用,从学习的知识、方法、体验是那个方面进行归纳,我设计了这么三个问题:① 通过本节课的学习,你学会了哪些知识;② 通过本节课的学习,你最大的体验是什么;③ 通过本节课的学习,你掌握了哪些学习物理的方法?
尊敬的各位领导,老师,亲爱的同学们:大家早上好!今天由我来为大家做国旗下的演讲,我演讲的主题是“中华孝道文化的传承与创新”。同学们应该对刚刚过去的清明节记忆犹新,也对即将到来的三月三歌圩节充满期待吧?可,是否有同学知道,这两个节日与中国孝道文化有着紧密的联系呢?清明节返乡祭祖表达了对已逝亲人的思念与尊敬;三月三歌圩节中的师公舞蕴含着浓浓的孝道文化,无一不在说明着中国传统与孝道文化的密不可分。孝道文化,即关爱父母长辈,尊老敬老的文化传统,是中国古代社会最基本的道德规范,也是中华民族尊奉的传统美德。它强调幼敬长,下尊上,要求晚辈尊敬老人,子女孝敬父母,爱护、照顾、赡养老人,使老人们颐养天年,享受天伦之乐。孝道文化经过千年的历史发展,已成为中华民族繁衍生息、代代相传的优良传统和核心价值观。孝敬是太阳,给人温暖;孝敬是大山,给人依靠;孝敬是水晶,是一笔宝贵的财富。俗话说,百善孝为先。古有晋人王祥卧冰求鲤,近有将军陈毅探望病母,古今中外孝的事例可谓数不胜数。俗话说,百善孝为先。从古至今,孝顺不仅是衡量个人道德水平高低的重要标准,也是社会秩序稳定运行的重要保障。然而在今天,有多少人又把这种传统的孝继承下来呢?是否社会在不断发展,人的物质生活水平不断提高,那么就可以对基本的孝的美德嗤之以鼻,置之一边呢?难道孝的故事永远只能停留在"感动中国"的历史中吗?这答案显然不是。孝道是我们每个人要秉持一生,永远的传承并发扬下去的。
新知探究前面我们研究了两类变化率问题:一类是物理学中的问题,涉及平均速度和瞬时速度;另一类是几何学中的问题,涉及割线斜率和切线斜率。这两类问题来自不同的学科领域,但在解决问题时,都采用了由“平均变化率”逼近“瞬时变化率”的思想方法;问题的答案也是一样的表示形式。下面我们用上述思想方法研究更一般的问题。探究1: 对于函数y=f(x) ,设自变量x从x_0变化到x_0+ ?x ,相应地,函数值y就从f(x_0)变化到f(〖x+x〗_0) 。这时, x的变化量为?x,y的变化量为?y=f(x_0+?x)-f(x_0)我们把比值?y/?x,即?y/?x=(f(x_0+?x)-f(x_0)" " )/?x叫做函数从x_0到x_0+?x的平均变化率。1.导数的概念如果当Δx→0时,平均变化率ΔyΔx无限趋近于一个确定的值,即ΔyΔx有极限,则称y=f (x)在x=x0处____,并把这个________叫做y=f (x)在x=x0处的导数(也称为__________),记作f ′(x0)或________,即
A.城镇数量猛增B.城市规模不断扩大【设计意图】通过读图的对比分析,提高学生提取信息以及对比分析问题的能力,通过小组之间的讨论,培养合作能力。五、课堂小结和布置作业关于课堂小结,我打算让学生自己来总结,你这节课学到了什么。这样既可以提高学生的总结概括能力,也可以让我在第一时间内获得它们的学习反馈。(本节课主要学习了珠三角的位置和范围以及改革开放以来珠三角地区工业化和城市化的发展。)关于作业的布置,我打算采用分层次布置作业法。第一个层次的作业是基础作业,要求每一位同学都掌握,第二个层次的作业是弹性作业,学生可以根据自己的情况来选做。整个这堂课,老师只是作为一个引导者、组织者的角色,学生才是课堂上真正的主人,是自我意义的建构者和知识的生成者,被动的、复制式的课堂将离我们远去。
【课件展示】《秦朝中央集权制度的建立》《教材简析》《教学目标》《教法简介》《教学过程设计及特色简述》【师】本节内容以秦代政治体制和官僚系统的建立为核心内容,主要包括秦朝中央集权制的建立的背景、建立过程及影响。本节内容在整个单元中起到承前启后的作用,在整个模块中也有相当重要的地位。让学生了解中国古代中央集权政治体制的初建对于理解我国古代政治制度的发展乃至我们今天的政治体制是十分必要的。 本堂课我采用多媒体和讲授法及历史辩论法相结合,通过巧妙设计问题情境,调动学生的学习积极性,使学生主动学习,探究思考。教师引导和组织学生采取小组讨论、情景体验等方式,达到教学目标。 本节内容分三个部分,下面首先看秦朝中央集权制度建立的前提即秦的统一
情景导入:......运用情景营造气氛,激发学生的求知欲望,帮助学生联系现实问题,学习历史,拉近历史与现实的距离,引导学生关注时政热点,关心国家大事。自主学习:组织学生阅读课文,老师参与学生阅读活动并板书知识结构。通过学生自主学习,培养学生自学能力,为进一步好好学习打下基础。交流学习:学生自学以后,老师引导学生相互交流自学成果,学生自主提出问题,相互解答,从而达到生生互动、师生互动,在互动中学习,共同提高
1、教材分析 本课选自普通高中课程标准实验教材,人民教育出版社历史必修(1),第六单元:现代中国的政治建设与祖国统一,第22课——祖国统一大业。祖国统一始终是中国人民的共同夙愿。本课内容主要叙述了“一国两制”的伟大构想,为完成祖国统一大业提出了一个创造性的指导方针。香港、澳门的回归,是“一国两制” 伟大构想的成功实践。在“一国两制”方针指导下,海峡两岸实现了一次历史性的突破。揭示了“一国两制” 的构想,对推动完成祖国完全统一大业,实现中华民族伟大复兴具有现实指导意义。 2、学情分析通过调查知道,学生对本节的基本史实有一定了解。但是,高一新生习惯于知识的记忆和教师的讲解,不能深入分析历史现象的内涵和外延;不能进一步探究事物的因果关系和理解事物的本质;并且需要进一步拓展思维的广度和深度,实现从一维目标到三维目标的飞跃。
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
1. 表示时间。Hearing these stories, I’m skeptical about the place. = When I heard these stories. . . 2. 表示原因。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. = Because/Since/As I don’t know his address. . . 3. 表示结果。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. =. . . and left him a lot of money4. 表示条件。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store. = If you go straight down the road. . . 5. 表示让步。Being tired, they went on working. =Although they were tired. . . 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time. =. . . and stared at the sky for a long time注意:非谓语动词作状语时, 如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致, 动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语, 通常由名词或代词来担任, 这就是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. (having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. (permitting的逻辑主语是time, 而不是the football match)Step 7 Practice1. ________(study) hard, you are sure to get first prize. 2. People use plastic in their daily life, _______(leave) large amounts of waste. 3. ________(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 4. The old man, ____________(work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. 5. ______________(finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground. Answers: 1. Studying 2. leaving 3. Working 4.having worked 5. Having finishedStep 8 HomeworkFinish the homework on Page 22.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.