2.避免使用过多的描写手法,避免过多地使用形容词,特别是华丽的辞藻,尽量采用直截了当的叙述和生动鲜明的对话,因此,句子简短,语汇准确生动。在塑造桑地亚哥这一形象时,他的笔力主要集中在真实而生动地再现老人与鲨鱼搏斗的场景上。鲨鱼的来势凶猛,老人的沉着迎战,机敏矫捷,都写得生动逼真。如写鲨鱼出现的情形,“当一大股暗黑色的血沉在一英里深的海里然后又散开的时候,它就从下面水深的地方窜上来。它游得那么快,什么也不放在眼里,一冲出蓝色的水面就涌现在太阳光下。”这段描写没有一个比喻句和形容词,但鲨鱼的凶猛、快捷,形势的紧迫却立刻展示在读者面前,清新洗练的叙述文字和反复锤炼的日常用语,使人读来有身临其境之感。文中对大海的描写粗犷简洁,犹如一幅水墨山水画,读来令人心旷神怡,美不胜收。
(2)、中国坚持以互利合作实现共同繁荣----促进共同发展中国坚持以互利合作实现共同繁荣。中国连续担任经社理事会理事国,积极参与经社系统有关经济和社会发展的重要国际会议和其他活动并承办了联合国第四次世界妇女大会。中国积极推动南北对话和南南合作,敦促发达国家为实现全球普遍、协调、均衡发展承担更多责任。中国加人多项国际人权公约并认真履行公约义务,与联合国人权事务高级专员保持良好合作,与多国展开人权对话。相关链接:1995年9月,联合国第四次世界妇女大会在北京举行。来自197个国家和地区以及众多国际组织的1.76万名代表围绕会议主题“以行动谋求平等、发展与和平”展开热烈讨论。会议通过了《北京宣言》和《行动纲领》,为全球妇女事业的发展注入了新的活力。
(一)说教材 《虞美人》选自高中语文统编版必修上册·古诗词诵读。《虞美人》是词中的代表作品,是李煜生命中最为重要的一首词作,极具艺术魅力,对于陶冶学生的情操,丰富和积淀学生的人文素养意义非凡。(二)说学情总体来说,所教班级的学生基础不强,学习意识略有偏差,在学习过程中需要教师深入浅出,不断创造动口、动手、动脑的机会,他们才能更好地达成教学目标。(三)说教学目标根据教学内容和学情分析,确定如下教学目标(1)探究这首词的内涵,了解李煜及其创作风格。(2)通过对本词的品析,提高词的鉴赏能力。(3)通过对比阅读,体会李煜词 “赤子之心” 、“以血书者”的特色,体味其深沉的亡国之恨和故国之思。
【设计意图】以“新科技是一把双刃剑”为主题开展讨论活动。这个话题比较大,所以给了一定的限制,首先需要以智能家居为例来阐述科技发展对未来生活产生的影响,然后列举其优点和缺点,最后就以上现象发表自己的观点。这个活动是对整个文本的创意性总结与意义的升华,留给学生一定的想象空间,学生借此机会可以运用文本内容和语言表达自己对科技发展的看法和态度。Assignments:1. Finish Exercise 4 on Page 15 of the textbook.A smart home is one that integrated computers into the structure of the building itself. In this way, many of the things that we now do ourselves become automatic. For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off, and so that your home would be more energy-efficient. The smart home could also monitor itself to make sure that everything is working as it should, and send you warnings if there is a problem. Such smart homes could even be programmed to detect your health problems, and then give you reasonable advice as to the food you should eat or if you should see a doctor. So, in a sense, smart homes will lead us to living smarter lives.2.Create a smart function for your home, and share your creation in the next period.
Activity 4: Figuring out the structure and the writing purpose 本活动为实现课时目标2。 1.Read Paragraph 6 and think about its main idea and the writer’s writing purpose. Q1: If you were the author, how would you end your article? “For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits. However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits!” Q2: What is Paragraph 6 mainly about? (Possible answer: to appeal to young people including teenagers to change bad habits and live a happy and healthy life.) 2.Think about the writer’s writing purpose and share opinions. Q1: What is the writing purpose? Work in pairs and figure it out. (Possible answer: On the one hand, the passage is written to help teenagers change their bad habits and live a healthy lifestyle. On the other hand, it provides us with a scientific way to identify and analyse our problems objectively, thus strengthening our resolve to tackle the seemingly common yet tough problems in our lives.) 【设计意图】 步骤1旨在预测和验证文章最后一段主要内容,梳理完整的语篇结构,步骤2旨在思考和讨论作者的写作目的。教师也可根据学生课堂反应情况融入对语篇人称多次转换的思考。
帮助学生通过讨论与对主题的提升,反思自己的旅游方式,以便做出更优化的安排,在今后的旅程中有更多的收益。 Activity 2: Further discussion of the 6 elements above and supplement of more background knowledge 本活动为实现课时教学目标2。 1.Target Q: The writer’s clear target of traveling, meeting the people and experiencing the culture, is closely related to his major in social studies. Then what is social studies? Social studies is a part of a school or college curriculum concerned with the study of social relationships and the functioning of society and usually made up of courses in history, government, economics, civics, sociology, geography, and anthropology. (Dictionary by Merriam-Webster) Reflection: When you go out to travel, what targets do you usually have in mind? 2.Research Q: Suppose you are traveling to Hangzhou during the school holidays, how will you do research on the city? (surf the internet, read books or travel brochures, consult friends, ...) What information will you be interested to know? (location, iconic sites, local cuisines, interesting customs, shopping malls ...) 3.Abandonment To make the most of time, we have to learn to abandon so that we can accomplish our plan. What will you be interested in doing if you go to Hangzhou if you have a week’s time? What if you only have 2 days? 4~5. Venturing & Experiencing Q: What did he venture to do during the trip? What new experiences did he have? In Sydney: attend his first open-air barbecue, enjoy many different but yummy meals In Catherine: observe the life and customs of the aborigines appreciate their music & try the musical instruments: the didgeridoo
罗森塔尔突破了“客观报道”“零度写作”的框框,把自己和其他参观者在奥斯维辛访问时的感受当做文章的主要内容来写,传达出每一个良知者的共同心声。教师总结:细节描写是耐人寻味的。文章没有阴森恐怖的镜头,没有血腥的画面,只是重现了新闻的事实真相,但透过细节却能引发人们对生命,对人性的思考。在作者看似平静的叙述中抒发了对德国纳粹残酷暴行的沉重控诉,更表达了作者对自由、和平与祥和的向往四、拓展延伸:《奥斯维辛没有什么新闻》这一作品本身的价值在哪?社会价值又在哪,能不能从这两个角度思考,几人合作试写一段颁奖词?范例:《奥斯维辛没有什么新闻》突破新闻“零度写作”原则,着眼细节,以冷峻的视角,深沉地描述了今天的奥斯维辛集中营纪念馆。在恐怖与快乐、战争与和平、历史与现实的反差中,它召唤起人们关于灾难的记忆、关于生命的思考、关于人性的自省。它的发表充分地表现了一个新闻记者的使命感,更以迫人的力量震撼生者的心,成为新闻史不朽的名篇。
第二种分法:分成三类:直角是一类,比直角小的分为一类,比直角的的又分为一类。2.讨论交流,引导学生明确锐角和钝角的意义。教师:比直角小的就是直角的弟弟,比直角的的就是它的哥哥。我们来为它们起个名字好吗?让学生充分交流后引导小结:比直角小的叫锐角,比直角大的叫钝角。相互讨论:怎样判断一个角是不是锐角或钝角?学生讨论(得出和直角比、用眼睛看等方法)三、实践应用,巩固提高1.完成练习九的第1、2题。2.画一画:请你分别画出一个直角、锐角和钝角。四、游戏活动1.折一折,比一比。让学生利用身边的材料折出不同的角,并互相认一认是什么角?2.摸摸、猜猜。(分小组活动)活动规则:把一同学眼睛蒙住,另一同学用活动角掰成大小不同的角,让蒙住眼睛的同学通过手摸后说出是什么角?其他同学当裁判。然后组内同学交换活动。五、全课总结这节课我们学习了什么?你有哪些收获?六、布置作业
【教学目标】1、知识目标:结合具体情境,使学生认识东、南、西、北四个方向,能够用给定的一个方向辨认其余的三个方向,并能用这些词语描述物体所在的方位。2、能力目标:培养学生良好的观察能力和空间想象能力。3、情感目标:体验数学与现实生活的密切关系,增强学生学数学、用数学的意识。【教学重难点】使学生认识东、南、西、北四个方向,并能根据学生自身的方位辨认东、南、西、北这四个方向。【教学准备】1、挂图、指南针2、学具准备:准备主题图中相关的学具卡片或实物。【教学过程】一、创设情境,引入新知:同学们,你们想去北京吗?今天我们去参观参观吧?二、愉快体验,探究新知1、认识方向:出示主题图:我们来到了北京的天安门广场,你们看见了哪些建筑物?愿意当小导游为大家介绍一个吗?(先同桌之间互相练习解说,师出示教学挂图,介绍天安门的地理位置)引出例1)
教学目标1.使学生通过“称一称”的实践活动,亲自感受1克和1千克的实际重量。2.通过实践活动使学生加深质量单位的理解,让学生深刻体会到质量单位与实际生活是紧密联系的,在实际生活中是非常有用的。3.培养学生的动手能力及创新意识。4.培养学生与他人的合作意识和分工合作的精神。重、难点与关键1.进一步了解克和千克的质量单位概念。能够用老师提供的称,来称量物体质量。2.巩固对质量单位实际概念是认识。教具准备天平,盘秤,适量的生活用品,如水果,蔬菜等。教学过程一、创设情境同学们这节课老师带你们去超市逛一逛,想去吗?(出示课本第85页情境图)在超市里你看到了什么?指名回答。(饼干110克、豆油5千克、6个苹果1千克……)这些都表示什么意思呢?指名回答。教师说明表示物品有多重可以用克和千克作单位。那么在日常生活中有什么地方用到克与千克呢?举例说明。
二、教学目标1、知识与技能:使学生经历探索加法交换律的过程,理解并掌握加法交换律,初步感知加法交换律的价值,发展应用意识。2、数学思考:使学生在学习用符号、字母表示加法交换律的过程中,初步发展学生的符号感,逐步提高归纳、推理的抽象思维能力。3、解决问题:运用加法交换律的思想探索其他运算中的交换律。4、情感与态度:使学生在数学活动中获得成功的体验,进一步增强对数学学习的兴趣和信心,初步形成独立思考和探究问题的意识和习惯。三、教学重点:理解并运用加法交换律。四、教学难点:在学生已有知识经验的基础上引导学生归纳出加法交换律。五、教学关键:引导学生运用各种不同的表达方法理解加法交换律的思想。六、教学过程(一)情境,形成问题1、谈话:同学们喜欢运动吗?你最喜欢哪项体育运动?李叔叔是一个自行车旅行爱好者,咱们一起去了解一下李叔叔的情况。1、出示李叔叔骑车旅行的情境图。仔细观察这幅图,你从图上知道哪些信息?
2. Explore the significance of the establishment of Sarek National Park.Q1: Which event is the most important one in the park’s history?Ss: The establishment of Sarek national park in 1909 is the most important one.Q2: Is it worth making a place like Sarek a national park? Give your reasons.Ss: Yes. In this way, the place can be kept in its natural state and natural beauties and other rare and valuable resources can be preserved instead of being destroyed by endless exploitation driven by profits.Q3: How does the writer organize his introduction to the history of Sarek?Ss: The writer organizes his introduction in the sequence of time, using time indicators such as “used to”, “around 9,000 years ago”, “soon after”, “following the reindeer”, and “in 1909”.Q4: What is the feature of the language used to introduce the history of the park?Ss: The introduction to the park is to provide facts, using time indicators to organize the events. Sentences starts with “third person” and passive voice is used more often, feeling objective.【设计意图】学生寻找和梳理公园历史上的重要事件,体会人与自然的和谐关系,评鉴介绍性语言的特点。【核心素养提升点】发展自主提取、梳理文本信息能力,训练逻辑思维和高阶思维。Activity 3: Highlighting the secret of the text
【设计意图】 基于上述分析,学生总结新闻故事语篇类型的特征,即标题的省略性、导语的概括性、数据的支撑性和引语的重要性。在此过程中,学生对新闻故事语篇类型有了更深层次的了解,对于学生阅读和写作具有重要意义。Activity 7: Discussing to make a writing outline.本活动为实现课时目标3。1.Discuss and make an outline.Ask students to discuss in groups of four and make their own writing outline.To celebrate the 70th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China, our school newspaper starts a new column about “People of Achievement”. You plan to write a news story about one of the winners of the Medal of the Republic in 2019, including Yu Min, Shen Jilan, Sun Jiadong, Li Yannian, Zhang Fuqing, Yuan Longping, Huang Xuhua and Tu Youyou.【设计意图】 教师创设情境,即为庆祝新中国成立70周年,校报新增有关卓有成就人物的栏目,你将从共和国勋章获得者中,选择一位写一篇新闻故事,向该栏目投稿。学生以小组合作形式,展开讨论,并写出新闻故事框架,有助于学生课后收集人物信息,撰写新闻故事。
本阅读材料的话题是交际中的肢体语言,作者从三个方面讲述了肢体语言的特征与作用,通过主题句和举例阐述的方式让读者了解不同文化中肢体语言的相同或者不同的意义,并从更抽象、概括的维度深入认识肢体语言的特点,理解肢体语言的作用。基于肢体语言的特点,作者提醒读者在与人交流中,尤其是当文化背景有差异的时候,要使用得体的肢体语言,尊重、理解和包容不同的文化,进行有效、有素养的沟通。文本共由六个段落组成,篇章结构为“总—分”。第一段用简练的语言引出了话题,并且从我们自身表达的需要和了解他人感受两个角度讲述了肢体语言的作用。第二段阐述了肢体语言的第一个重要特点——肢体语言在不同的文化中有不同的内涵——这也是文中写作篇幅最大的一个要点,最为重要。通过讲述肢体语言的这一特点,作者向读者传递了要尊重不同的文化、要使用与所在文化相宜的肢体语言。
1. 完成文本主要信息填空(斜体字部分设空):As a witness to farmers’ poor harvests and even a severe shortage of food, Yuan Longping was determined to devote his life to tackling this crisis. After graduation, he realized that what farmers needed most was to boost yields in the fields. Yuan was convinced that the answer lay in the creation of hybrid rice, one characteristic of which is that it usually achieve higher output than conventional crops. However, it was no easy job. The first difficulty he needed to overcome was scientists’ general assumption that this could not be done. Through trial and error, Yuan managed to generate this incredible crop. It is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China was comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. His innovation has enabled Chinese farmers to considerably expand their output and helped feed the world. Unwilling to retire early to a life of leisure and unconcerned about celebrity or fortune, Yuan continues to turn one vision after another into realities.2. 模仿写作:Do some research via the Internet and introduce another agricultural scientist, Chen Risheng(陈日胜), using the structure, expressions and writing techniques you have learnt from the text “A Pioneer for All People”.【设计意图】任务1是对文本内容和词汇学习成效的检测。任务2借助文本中学到的词汇和写作手法仿写另一位科学家,提升学生迁移运用词汇、文体结构和写作方法的能力。
本活动旨在落实课时教学目标2。 1.Think, discuss and share. Students form groups of 4, discuss about the given ending make comments. Q1: Do you like the ending? Q2: Was it a logical ending? Why so or why not? [设计意图]通过引导学生思考、讨论、评价,比较个人、同伴所预测的结局和听力文本所给定的结局的异同点,深化对文本的认知,发展学生的评判性思维能力。 Activity 4: Exploring Asimov’s three laws of robotics and the purpose of the writing 本活动旨在落实课时教学目标3。 1. Get to know Isaac Asimov’s three laws of robotics. The teacher shares Isaac Asimov’s three laws of robotics. The three laws state that: ①A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. ②A robot must obey any orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. ③A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. Q: How does Tony’s story relate to the laws? 2. Figure out Isaac Asimov’s purpose of writing Satisfaction Guaranteed. The students express their opinions about the author’s writing purpose. Q: Why did Isaac Asimov write such a story? S: To explore the relationship between robots and humans. [设计意图]通过了解艾萨克·阿西莫夫所制定的机器人三大定律,加深学生对文本的理解,深入探究文本的主题意义。推理作者的写作目的,联系生活实际,思考人类与机器人的关系。
[2] An important breakthrough…was… [3] Another innovation was … [4] the emphasis increasingly shifted from…to… [5] New ideas and values gradually replaced… [6] While his paintings still had religious themes… … T: All these expressions serve to show how Western painting has developed. Some of them share similar structure but with varied use of words, which makes the text vivid and more readable. 【设计意图】主题类语言整理有助于学生类化语言应用,提高语言输出的丰富性。处理完文本内容信息后,进入语篇信息处理,进行主题相关的词块归类。引导学生快速阅读,寻找表达相同主题(发展或者艺术)的词和短语,再根据词性、用法和结构进行归类,储备主题相关词汇,丰富语言储备,提升语言素养。 Assignment: Go online to gather more information about Chinese painting and write a short history of it. 【设计意图】结合所学,迁移运用,根据实际语境,进行模仿性运用。在此过程中,学生尝试借鉴已学的语言、内容、语篇结构和写作手法来建构新文本,实现语篇输出,同时关注中西艺术文化的差别,加深对优秀文化的认同,培养文化意识。
本活动旨在落实课时目标3。 The Student Union is looking for three students for a 3-week voluntary program in Guizhou province. The volunteers have got to be high school students, with a persevering personality and experiences in overcoming adversity. The volunteers need to stay, eat and teach with 20 pupils in a small school up on the hill of a village. There are no facilities but desks and a blackboard in the school. And there is no take-away food to be bought anywhere; the only way to feed yourself is to cook. You’re interested in applying. Write your application letter introducing what adversity you have ever overcome and how persevering you are as well as what you want to do when at work. Dear Student Union,【设计意图】此任务旨在迁移一、二课时所学,解决实际问题。学生对比自己经历过的挑战或挫折,写信给学生会申请前往贵州担任短期支教教师,把个人以前是怎么战胜挫折的经过书写出来。结合所学,迁移创新,分析解决自身实际问题,在真实情境中学生通过仿写进行主题语言的精确输出。完成任务的过程中,能较多地使用已学语言、内容、结构和写作手法来描述自己面对挫折的处理方式、态度和应有的品质,近一步激发学生树立正确的价值观,学会逆境出人才,坚忍不拔,从容不迫,又做到谦让、分享和合作。课后学生修正习作,再次提交。
本单元阅读文本介绍了几种简单的英语诗歌形式,旨在让学生能理解和欣赏英语诗歌的美,包括形式美、内容美、意义美,培养审美情趣,并从作品的意义美中获得积极的人生态度和价值观念启示。 该文本是一则典型的说明性文本,用简单易懂的语言向英语诗歌的初学者们介绍了五种比较简单的英语诗歌形式。文题“A Few Simple Forms of English Poems”是整个文本的核心话题。正文内容共七段,按“总—分—总”建构。第一段为总起段,概述了英语诗歌的创作原因以及主要特点,涉及了形式、内容、意义等方面赏析英语诗歌的几个主要维度;第二段至第六段分别介绍了童谣、清单诗、五行诗、俳句和唐诗五种英语诗歌形式;第七段收尾,鼓励读者尝试英语诗歌创作。 在进行文本教学设计时,要引导学生梳理关于与诗歌要素和诗歌赏析有关的话题类语言,既包括format、rhythm、subject、image等名词,也包括have a strong rhythm、be made up of、contain、consist of、convey这样的动词和动词短语。
本活动旨在落实课时目标3。 Think about the following questions and talk about your own attitude in pairs.Q1: As for this topic,what impresses you the most in the passage?Q2: What do you think of the future of China’s further exploration in sea? Are you in favor of the further exploration?Why or why not? 【设计意图】该活动是一个完全开放性的活动,每个学生都会有不同的答案。运用迁移所学,自由口头表达自己对海洋探索的态度。对于中国海洋探索的未来,每个人的想法是不一样的,有乐观,有担忧,有认为值得投入,也有认为不值得付出太大代价,这里给学生自由表达的空间只要学会有支撑自己观点的事实就可以了,进一步培养学生批判性思维和正确的价值观。 Assignment: 此任务旨在迁移一、二课时所学,培养学生辩证分析问题的能力。 Write about your idea of the future of China’s sea exploration. And add your attitude towards the effort China have made in sea exploration. You’re expected to use the language and the writing technique learnt in the passage.