一、设计理念教学设计坚持少讲多学、以学为主的教学理念,重视学培养生的学习兴趣,要充分调动学生学习的积极性和主动性,充分发挥学生的主体性。教师要以组织者、引导者、合作者的角色参与到教学活动中去。力图通过导学案努力培养学生的自学习惯和自学能力。二、教材分析与处理1、教材的地位与作用:必修三第三单元所选的文言文都是古代的议论性散文。本课是“唐宋八大家”之首、中唐古文运动的倡导者韩愈的力作,是唐宋散文中的名篇,具有很强的代表性。通过这篇自读课的学习,能使学生了解唐宋散文的风貌,更能使学生进一步积累文言文基础知识,提高学生的文言文阅读欣赏能力,从而提升学生的文言文自读能力。2、教学目标:《高中语文课程标准》要求高中学生能阅读浅易文言文,能借助注释和工具书,理解词句含义,读懂文章内容;了解并梳理常见的文言实词、文言虚词、文言句式的意义或用法,注重在阅读实践中举一反三;对文章有一定的分析欣赏能力。高一的学生对于文言文的知识还在积累阶段,应该注重基础知识的积累和一定量的诵读。对此,我将教学目标确定为:
Step 2 Pre-listeningAfter students finish their discussion, I will show a picture of Newton and ask them: Who is him? What is he famous for? Could you find out some words to describe him? Maybe students will answer that he is genius for his finding of theGravitation, making a great contribution to the progress of human being. At that time I will show another two pictures of Einstein and Hawking, letting students guess who they are and write down their idea about the Gravitation. For I have arranged them to search more information about the gravity before this class, Students have beenfamiliar with the topic and will not be afraid about this abstract conception, which is helpful for their listening.Step 3 While-listeningIn this step, students will be required to listen the material for three times. The first and listening is extensive listening and the second and third listening is intensive listening. In the first time, They are required to listen a material including Part 1 and Part 2 and choose the best summary of the listening text. After they choose the right answer, They also need work in group to explain what is wrong with the others. Then I will make a conclusion that we should pay attention to the first paragraph and last paragraph and some keys to get the main idea. By doing this, their capacity of generalization will have a great improvement.Before the second listening, I will ask students to scan the blank on the power point quickly and ask them to note down some key words .Then ask them to listen to the Part 1again and fill the first column of the chart. Maybe some students just show the ideas of these three scientists an still can’t catch their development of gravity. Therefore, I will ask them to listen to Part 2 again and fill in the rest. After finish the listening, I will give them ten minutes to discuss with their partner. I will also guidethem to improve their answers when they discuss with others.
1. Ss look at the picture and scan the passage to understand the main idea while teacher is giving the following questions to inspire Ss to think.*Where are those people?*What are they doing?*Why are they so excited?2. Ss complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form. Then discuss and check the answers with class.Answers: boring, interesting, taking, exciting, amazing3. The teacher raises questions for the students to discuss and encourages them to express their opinions.*Do you like La Tomatina? Why or why not?4. Each group representative reports the discussion result, the teacher gives feedback and the evaluation.Step 6 PracticeActivity 41. Ss complete the Ex 2 in Using structures.2. Check the answers after finishing the exercises.①The dragon boat races are the most exciting part of the Dragon Boat Festival.② The children were excited to go Easter egg hunting.③What an amazing performance! This is the best music festival I have ever been to.④We were amazed by her funny-looking hat.⑤His inspiring speech at the conference won the admiration/ favour of the audience.⑥This is a challenging game to test your memory and observation capabilities. 3. T asks Ss to finish Ex 3 and 4 in Using structures by themselves, then check the answers with class.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握动词-ing形式作定语和表语的功能和意义;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否在理解文段内容的基础上,根据上下文语境和表达逻辑,能正确运用动词-ing形式描述节日庆典。3、通过本节内容学习,学生是否归纳和积累用于表达情绪的相关词汇。
本板块的活动主题是“谈论节日活动”(Talk about festival activities),主要是从贴近学生日常生活的角度来切入“节日”主题。学生会听到发生在三个国家不同节日场景下的简短对话,对话中的人们正在参与或将要亲历不同的庆祝活动。随着全球化的进程加速,国际交流日益频繁,无论是国人走出国门还是外国友人访问中国,都已成为司空见惯的事情。因此,该板块所选取的三个典型节日场景都是属于跨文化交际语境,不仅每组对话中的人物来自不同的文化背景,对话者的身份和关系也不尽相同。1. Master the new words related to holiday: the lantern, Carnival, costume, dress(sb)up, march, congratulation, congratulate, riddle, ceremony, samba, make - up, after all. 2. To understand the origin of major world festivals and the activities held to celebrate them and the significance of these activities;3. Improve listening comprehension and oral expression of the topic by listening and talking about traditional festivals around the world;4. Improve my understanding of the topic by watching pictures and videos about different traditional festivals around the world;5. Review the common assimilation phenomenon in English phonetics, can distinguish the assimilated phonemes in the natural language flow, and consciously use the assimilation skill in oral expression. Importance:1. Guide students to pay attention to the attitude of the speaker in the process of listening, and identify the relationship between the characters;2. Inspire students to use topic words to describe the festival activities based on their background knowledge. Difficulties:In the process of listening to the correct understanding of the speaker's attitude, accurately identify the relationship between the characters.
Activity 41. Students complete the task of activity 4, then teachers and students check the answers. 2. The teacher organized the students to work together and asked them to use the tables and mind maps sorted out before to retold the important choices in Lin Qiaozhi's life and their resultsStep 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the core words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences. 2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes. 3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better. Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text; 2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences. 3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan. 1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否结合文本特点总结林巧稚的人生原则和人格品质特征;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否针对人生抉择发表自己的看法;能否全面地、客观地、理性地看待问题,进而对道德和人性有更加深入的思考和理解。
*wide range of origins(= a great number of different origins, many kinds of origins)*It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. (=A parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports were included as important parts of the Egyptian harvest festival.)*.. some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(= Some traditions may disappear gradually, while other new traditions may come into being.)Step 6 Practice(1) Listen and follow the tape.The teacher may remind the students to pay attention to the meaning and usage of the black words in the context, so as to prepare for the completion of the blanks in activity 5 and vocabulary exercises in the exercise book.(2) Students complete the text of activity 5 by themselves.The teacher needs to remind the students to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the vocabulary they have learned in the text.Students exchange their answers with their partners, and then teachers and students check their answers.(3)Finish the Ex in Activity 5 of students’ book.Step 7 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Discuss the origin of festivals, the historical changes of related customs, the influence of commercial society on festivals and the connotation and essential meaning of festivals.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否结合文本特点快速而准确地找到主题句;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否理清论说文的语篇结构和文本逻辑,了解节日风俗发展与变迁,感悟节日的内涵与意义。
The joke set her crying.这个玩笑使她哭起来。Step 5 ReadingActivity 31. Students read the small text in activity 3. The teacher provides several small questions to check whether students understand the content of the text and the ideographic function of the -ing form in the text.*Where are those people?*Why did Dr Bethune come to China?*How did he help the Chinese people during the war?*What did Chairman Mao Zedong say about him?2. Ss try to rewrite some sentences using the -ing form. Then check the answers. When checking the answers, the teacher can ask different students to read the rewritten sentences and give comments.Answers:1. he became very interested in medicine, deciding to become a doctor.2. …after hearing that many people were dying in the war.3. Helping to organise hospitals, he taught doctors and nurses, and showed people how to give first aid./ He helped to organise hospitals, teaching doctors and nurses, and showing people how to give first aid.4. …praising Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.Step 6 PracticeActivity 4Students complete grammar activities 2 and 3 on page 69 of the workbook.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握动词-ing形式作宾语补足语语和状语语的功能和意义;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否正确使用动词-ing形式描述人物的行为、动作及其经历;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否独立完成练习册和导学案中的相关练习。
3.Teachers ask different groups to report the answers to the questions and ask them to try different sentence patterns.The teacher added some sentence patterns for students to refer to when writing.Step 4 Writing taskActivity 51.Write the first draft.Students first review the evaluation criteria in activity 5, and then independently complete the draft according to the outline of activity 4, the answers to the questions listed in the group discussion and report, and the reference sentence pattern.2.Change partners.The teacher guides the students to evaluate their partner's composition according to the checklist of activity 5 and proposes Suggestions for modification.3.Finalize the draft.Based on the peer evaluation, students revise their own compositions and determine the final draft.Finally, through group recommendation, the teacher selects excellent compositions for projection display or reading aloud in class, and gives comments and Suggestions.Step 5 Showing writingActivity 5T call some Ss to share their writing.Step 6 Homework1. Read the passage in this section to better understand the passage.2. Carefully understand the hierarchical structure of the article, and deeply understand the plot of the story according to the causes, process and results;3. Independently complete the relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否通过人物言行的对比分析道德故事的深层内涵;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否根据故事的起因、经过和结果来深入理解故事的情节,从而了解文章的层次结构;4、结合现实生活案例发表自己的见解和看法,写一篇观点明确、层次分明的故事评论。
(2) students are divided into groups according to the requirements of activity 3. Each student shares a story of personal experience or hearing-witnessing kindness, and then selects the most touching story in the group and shares it with the whole class. Before the students share the story, the teacher can instruct them to use the words and sentence patterns in the box to express. For example, the words in the box can be classified:Time order: first of all, then, after that, later, finally logical relationship :so, however, although, butTeachers can also appropriately add some transitional language to enrich students' expression:Afterwards, afterwards, at last, in the end, eventuallySpatial order: next to, far from, on the left, in front ofOtherwise, nevertheless, as a result, therefore, furthermore, in addition, as well asSummary: in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in briefStep 8 Homework1. Understand the definition of "moral dilemma" and establish a correct moral view;2. Accumulate vocabulary about attitudes and emotions in listening texts and use them to express your own views;3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生能否理解理解“道德困境”的定义;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否通过说话人所表达的内容、说话的语气、语调等来判断其态度和情绪;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否针对具体的道德困境发表自己的看法和见解,能否掌握听力理训练中的听力策略。
(明确:“寡人之于国也,尽心焉耳矣”,但“寡人之民不加多,何也?”)②他认为自己对国家政务尽心尽力了,他有哪些具体做法?(明确:移民移粟)③第2—4节中孟子是怎样说明梁惠王移民移粟的措施与“邻国之政”并无本质区别的?(明确:孟子不直接回答“民不加多”的问题,而是用梁惠王熟悉的“战”设喻——设圈套,诱使对方在不知不觉中说出“不可,直不百步耳,是亦走也。”)④孟子认为怎样才能做到“王道之始”?要想“王道之成”还需采取哪些措施?(明确:“不违农时,谷不可胜食也。数罟不入氵夸池,鱼鳖不可胜食也。斧斤以时入山林,材木不可胜用也。谷与鱼鳖不可胜食,材木不可胜用五亩之宅,树之以桑,五十者可以衣帛矣。鸡豚狗彘之畜,无失其时,七十者可以食肉矣。百亩之田,勿夺其时,数口之家,可以无饥矣。谨库序之教,申之以孝涕之义,颁白者不负戴于道路矣。)这一小步的目的是想让学生通过这些问题的解答,可以进一步理清思路,掌握文的大概内容。
3、重要语句的理解“可是一个人并不是生来要给打败的,你尽可把它消灭掉,可就是打不败他。”解析:这是老人第一次回合之后的内心独白,也是此小说的核心精神,充分体现了老人桑地亚哥的生命理念。整句话可以分为两部分来理解,前句告诉我们,人生活在自然与社会当中,必不可少要面临一些坎坷、磨难,这些磨难、坎坷完全可以造成躯体的消灭、消亡,这是人生命的脆弱性。后句,面对挫折,只要保持一种乐观的精神,拥有一颗坚强的心灵,那么,人类执着奋斗的精神将永不磨灭。4、象征主义题目是《老人与海》,而表明上,小说是写一位老人及其在海上的经历,但实际上,老人的形象极具概括性,他已经超越了一个人的存在,而成为了人生的一种象征。老人桑地亚哥就是“硬汉子”的代表,大海则是生命旅途的象征,鲨鱼则是我们行走中的“强物”,厄运的象征。人的一生不可能一帆风顺,不经历风雨,怎能见彩虹,走在人生路途中,不可避免我们都要遇到挫折,被厄运所阻挠,只有经历与“鲨鱼”的较量,才能成为强者,唱出最美的歌。
(二)分析课文,理清思路第1、2段为第一部分,主要是叙事、写景,先叙述集会的时间、地点,然后渲染出兰亭优美的自然环境。在这里足以“游目骋怀”“极视听之娱”,可以自由地观察、思考,满足人们目视耳闻的需求。这里正是与会“畅叙幽情”、尽兴尽欢的绝好处所。这些描写都富有诗情画意,作者的情感是轻松愉快的。第3、4段为第二部分,主要是抒情、议论,作者由美景妙时引发出乐与忧、生与死的感慨。他认为人生的快乐是有极限的,待快乐得到满足时,就会感觉兴味索然。往事转眼间便成为历史,人到了生命的尽头就会死亡。作者由“一死生为虚诞,齐彭殇为妄作”的认识,产生了一种珍惜时间、眷恋生活、热爱文明的思考。虽然文中的寿夭、生死不能自由决定,从而有些伤感,但作者仍然认识到盛衰、生死是必然的。人生无常,时不我待,故著文留传后世,以承袭前人,启示来者。
3、拓展延伸,启迪心智,创设课堂训练营。三、说学法1、纸上得来终觉浅,圈点、勾画、批注法,学好文言基本功。2、自主合作加探究,眼耳口脑手并用,破疑解难在其中。四、说课时安排《鸿门宴》篇幅较长,文言知识较丰富,文章内涵丰厚,因此我设计用五课时教学本文。第一课时:了解作家作品,积累文言知识,感受作者隐忍发愤的著书精神(初读)第二课时:理清故事情节,概括人物形象,学习客观地评论历史人物,(熟读)第三课时:进一步梳理文言知识,精读课文,要求读透。(精读)第四课时:通过对人物、事件的赏析,加深学生对人物的理解,锻炼学生的开放性思维,由学生自主认识到人物的性格,悲剧的原因等问题。(赏读)第五课时:补充课本教学内容:同学生一起阅读古今关于刘邦项羽的一些篇章:让学生投入进来,把握自己眼中的项羽。(展读)在文言文学习的过程中,采取五步学习法:初读-熟读-精读-赏读-展读(板书)
一.教材理解教材地位与作用:本单元“阅读与鉴赏”部分,本单元要求学生能在了解诗歌创作的时代背景的情况下通过反复诵读诗歌,把握其中丰富的意象,领悟诗歌独特的意境和诗人所要表达的情感。《雨巷》是现代派大师戴望舒的成名作和前期的代表作,他曾因此而赢得了“雨巷诗人”的雅号。本单元以《雨巷》为例子给学生展示了象征主义诗歌的特点,《雨巷》运用了象征性的抒情手法。诗中那狭窄阴沉的雨巷,在雨巷中徘徊的独行者,以及那个像丁香一样结着愁怨的姑娘,都是象征性的意象。这些意象又共同构成了一种象征性的意境,含蓄地暗示出作者即迷惘感伤又有期待的情怀,并给人一种朦胧而又幽深的美感。富于音乐性是《雨巷》的另一个突出的艺术特色。诗中运用了复沓、叠句、重唱等手法,造成了回环往复的旋律和宛转悦耳的乐感。因此我把本课的教学重点和难点确定为:教学重点:通过反复诵读,领略诗歌的音乐美以及分析其成因教学难点:分析意象以及其象征意义初步掌握鉴赏诗歌的方法
学法指导:高一学生对文言文阅读已具备了一些基础知识和积累,但对如何学习文言文,还是一个新课题,因此教师应引导学生掌握学习方法,运用已有的知识框架同化新信息,建立新的智能,逐步走向独立学习的境界。一、引导学生利用课文注释,使用工具书自己翻译,必要时教师进行点拨、解难,培养自学能力。二、告诉学生翻译文言文要遵循的原则。三、调动学生思考、讨论、交流的积极性,教师适时点拨,培养学生发现问题、解决问题的能力。四、提示学生反复诵读课文,体会文章所阐述的道理。五、鼓励学生及时归纳学习文言文的方法,注意积累文言文知识。教学程序:教学本课可安排2课时。第一课时:1、导入新课:首先给学生介绍毛泽东的七绝诗《为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照》:“暮色苍茫看劲松,乱云飞渡仍从容。天生一个仙人洞,无限风光在险峰。”学生通过诵读领会了“无限风光在险峰”一句的含义。随后因势利导,引出课题,指出今天我们要学习的王安石的《游褒禅山记》,就含有类似的深邃哲理。
生2:颔联的意思是只听到禁卫军中传来夜间巡逻的梆子声,不再向宫中那样安逸地听到有鸡人打鸣报时的声音了。生3:颈联的意思是说事变发生那天军队发生哗变停留不前,但当年唐玄宗以为自己可以和贵妃天天在一起,对天上的牵牛和织女一年一度的会见还加以嘲笑呢。生4:尾联的含义是为什么唐玄宗当了四十五年的皇帝,还不如普通百姓夫妻恩爱,长相厮守。师:好的。请大家再齐读一遍诗文,做到人人都能疏通诗的含义。学生再次齐读。第三环节:专项探究师:白居易曾说:“文章合为时而著,歌诗合为事而作。”这首诗就是作者途经马嵬驿,咏马嵬之变这一历史事件而作,所以我们鉴赏的第三步,就是通过标题和诗文,弄清诗中的历史事件。请同学们找出诗中哪些诗句描述了这一事件?
我以以《登高》为例,引导学生进行意象分析,感悟意境美。古人云“立象以尽意”“古诗之妙,专求意象”意象是诗人情感的载体,是诗歌的灵魂。引导学生张开联想和想象的翅膀去感受,去体验是意象,诗歌鉴赏的关键。科林伍德说“真正艺术的作品,不是看见的,也不是听到的,而是想象中的某种东西。”诗人通过想象创造出诗的形象,我们读者通过想象丰富地再现诗人创造的形象。而感受体验则是以全部身心投入作品,心灵与心灵相沟通,感情与感情相交流,对诗人的想象活动进行再经历和再体验。因此,在引导意象解读中,我先让学生点击这一个,就是通过抓修饰词、依据感情基调、展开想象具体分析本诗中每个意象的情感意蕴和审美意蕴,使学生明白意象在每首诗中的独特性。
说教材A.教材简析《琵琶行(并序)》是人教版《普通高中课程标准实验教科书语文》必修3第二单元的一篇讲读课文。本单元学习的是唐代诗歌,共七首诗。《琵琶行(并序)》是唐代著名现实主义诗人白居易写的一首歌行体长篇叙事诗,是我国古代叙事诗和音乐诗中的“千古绝喝”。诗歌主题鲜明、人物形象生动,抒情真切细腻,具有深刻的思想内容和卓越的艺术技巧。B.教学目标《全日制普通高中高级中学语文教学大纲》明确要求我们:在阅读教学过程中要引导学生“感受文学形象,品味文学作品的语言和艺术技巧,初步鉴赏文学作品”。而本单元的教学要求是培养学生诗歌鉴赏的能力。根据教学大纲和单元教学要求,结合本课特点,我制定本课的教学目标是:1.知识目标:了解文学常识;积累重点文言实词;品味主旨句“同是天涯沦落人,相逢何必曾相识”的内涵;感知作者把音乐描写与听者、演奏者的感情融为一体的写作特点。
When it comes to the students’ studying methods, I'd like to introduce my Ss first. The Ss have a good command of basic language points. They’re interested in learning English, and they take an active part in English class, so they will have fun in autonomous, cooperative and inquiry learning. I will just serve as a guide, showing them the way to explore how to make more progress in their English learning.Now it’s time for the most important stage of this lesson. My teaching procedures are arranged as follows:Step1.Leading-in (3 minute)Play a video of a wide variety of wildlife to introduce my topic. Step2. Speaking (12 minutes)We will use our textbook Page25. Let the Ss fast read the short paragraph to warm up. Ask them to talk about the report on some endangered wildlife in China with the dialogue patterns on the screen. Lastly, I will invite some groups to demonstrate their dialogues about saving wildlife in China.Step3.English play (3 minutes)Watch another video in praise of their excellent performance just now. It’s about Jack Chen’s(成龙)and Yang Ziqiong’s wildlife protection.Step4. Listening (twice 13 minutes)This time, I’ll ask the Ss to fill in the blanks of the monologue of the 2 movie stars above. Step5.Discussion (3 minutes)Which would you like to choose to wear, clothes made of cotton, artificial leather or animal skins? Why ?Step6. Summary (3 minutes)1. If there were no wildlife, there wouldn’t exist human beings. If the buying stops, the killing can, too.2. Animals are our friends. To love animals is to love ourselves. Stop hunting, killing and destroying wildlife.3. Let’s live in harmony with all the living things in the world. Step7. Music appreciation (3 minutes)Let the Ss appreciate the song Earth Song by Michael Jackson. Last but not the least, I will show you my blackboard design.
1.说教材《记念刘和珍君》是鲁迅先生用饱醮着热泪,用悲愤的笔调写下的一篇感人至深的散文,既有对爱国青年沉痛的悼念,又有对反动派愤怒的控诉,也有对觉醒的国民的呐喊。《记念刘和珍君》是高中语文必修1第三单元第一课的讲读课文。文中描摹人物的音容笑貌,叙述人物的行为事迹,都融入了作者真挚的情感和深刻的感悟。对学生明辨是非,领悟时代精神和人生意义,有着重要的作用。新课标强调了要全面提升高中学生的语文素养,初步形成正确的世界观、人生观、价值观,并学会收集、判断、处理信息,具有人文素养、创新精神与实践能力。同时,《记念刘和珍君》感情真挚,感悟深刻,具有典型人文性。结合本单元教学目标,确立教学目标如下。