Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
二、说教学目标 此诗的教学目的是: 1.训练学生行行朗读,字字思考,推敲诗文的意思;启发学生处处想象,揣摩诗的意境,体会诗人的感受。 2.指导朗读,要求在朗读中传达出对诗意的理解,对诗境的感悟。 3.激发学生学习古诗的兴趣。 三、说教学方法 (一)、研究题意,自读自学 1.出示课题。启发学生从课题确定这首诗所写的时间、地点和事情,并推想人物。教师随学生回答,在黑板上用简笔画画出月亮、星星、山峦、寺庙;此时,只简画一座寺庙,没有楼;为了显示高度,在山腰上端横一笔云。同时出示“宿”“寺”卡片,正音、释义。 【画简笔画的目的是引导学生进入诗的意境,教给学生据文想象的方法,为理解诗意奠定基础。为了充分运用课文插图,板画构图力求与插图相仿。】 2.让学生观察板画,再观赏插图,然后要求他们用一个词来表达自己的感觉。教师在学生提出的词中选取“高”,并板书。告诉学生:这首诗是唐朝诗人李白写自己夜宿山寺的亲身感受;全诗四行诗句,都是围绕着“高”来写的。
2. 内容内在逻辑本单元亲子之间的交往既承接了上一课的“师生之间”的交往,也为七年级 下册关于中学生提升在集体中的交往水平和能力奠定了坚实的基础,因此本单元 在教材中起承上启下的作用。第一框“家的意味”,通过对“家规” “家训”的探究,引出中国家庭文化中“孝”的精神内涵,引导学生对家庭美德进行深入思考,学会孝亲敬长。第二框“爱在家人间”,通过体验家人间的亲情之爱,进而引导学生感受对 家人割舍不断的情感。第三框“让家更美好”,通过对传统家庭与现代家庭的比较,引导学生认识 现代家庭的特点,树立共创共享家庭美德的意识,共创和谐美德之家。从初识家中“孝”,体验家中“爱”,处理家中“冲突”,到自觉共建家庭 “美德”,学生逐步体味亲情之爱,将“亲情之爱”内化于心、夕卜化于行。(三)学情分析(1) 认知水平与心理特点七年级学生正处于青春期,是生理和心理急剧变化的关键时期,自我意识不 断增强,逆反心理更加强烈,情绪波动较大。
【教学提示】教师可以示范分析其中两个意象,注意引导学生把握普通事物之所以形成诗歌意象的原因,领悟诗歌意象的内蕴意义。3.诗人在诗中运用了许多表修饰、限制的形容词和数量词,它们有什么特点?它们共同突出了诗歌中四个意象的什么特征?请你简要说说它们在诗歌中的表达效果。明确:“一枚”“一张”“一方”“一湾”四个数量词和“小小的”“窄窄的”“矮矮的”“浅浅的”四个形容词,都是面积小重量轻的词语。然而,邮票虽小,却承载了母子深情;船票虽窄,却联系着夫妻之间浓浓的恋情;矮矮的坟墓,盛不下生死离情之痛;海峡虽浅,隔断的思乡哀愁却是如此之深。这一系列限定修饰词,都反衬了乡愁的浓郁。目标导学四:把握诗歌艺术特征探究:本诗除了在意象选取上颇费心思,在结构艺术上也见出笔力。请同学们说说,本诗还具有哪些令你欣赏的艺术特征。
(1)思考:作者是按什么顺序写的?写了哪些内容?明确:作者是按事情发展的先后顺序来写的。首先描述了一望无际的草原美景,使人感受到了一种境界美;接着又展示了主人欢迎远方客人的隆重场面;最后把酒话别,用“蒙汉情深何忍别,天涯碧草话斜阳”来收束全文。(板书:初到草原——远迎客人——热情相见——盛情款待——联欢话别)作者笔下的草原给你留下了什么印象?(学生讨论、交流自己的印象,可与读此文之前对草原的印象进行对比并探讨。)
1.会写8个生字。能正确读写词语表中的词语。2.朗读课文,能借助文中语言文字的描述展开想象,感受草原之美。(重点)3.能体会在写景中融入感受的好处。4.背诵第1自然段。一、谈话引入,创设情境(播放关于草原的歌曲)同学们,听了这首歌你们是不是有一种置身于草原的感觉呢?谁能谈一谈你心中的草原?(课件出示相关图片,自由交流)当老舍先生第一次来到内蒙古大草原时,他看到的是一番怎样的情景呢?现在我们就随着老舍先生一起到美丽的草原去看一看。(板书课题:草原)
【分析杨二嫂形象】1.昔日的杨二嫂是怎样的一个形象?明确:昔日被称作“豆腐西施”,“擦着白粉”“终日坐着”,是一个安分守己的妇女形象。2.如今的杨二嫂是怎样的形象?作者是从哪些方面刻画的?明确:“凸颧骨”“薄嘴唇”“圆规”等肖像描写,“尖利的怪声”“大叫”“两手搭在髀间”“贵人眼高”等动作和语言描写,表现出了杨二嫂泼悍、放肆、尖刻的性格特征。讨东西、造谣、塞手套又表现出她的自私、泼悍、爱贪小便宜。探究:作者塑造杨二嫂这一形象有什么作用?杨二嫂的形象是作者“悲哀”的源头吗?明确:杨二嫂的变化说明了辛亥革命后,城镇小市民阶层的贫困化,反映了当时社会经济破产的广度和深度。杨二嫂的变化,是不合理制度下的人性转变,如果说闰土是“精神麻木”的状态让作者觉得“悲哀”,那么杨二嫂便是因为失去真善美的人性而使作者觉得“悲哀”。
提问(1):“引”也是个领字,到底“引”出了哪些英雄人物?他们有什么共性?明确:秦始皇、汉武帝、唐太宗、宋太祖、成吉思汗。他们都是中国历史上杰出的人物,是无数英雄中的佼佼者,都是雄才大略、战功赫赫,对中国历史的发展产生过巨大影响的人。提问(2):对于这样杰出的历史人物,词人用一个字对他们做了总的评价,请找出这个字,并说说这个字所包含的感情。明确:“惜”字。包含的感情:第一,惜中含褒。肯定他们是英雄人物,同时也就肯定了中华民族是一个英雄辈出的伟大民族。第二,委婉地批评了他们缺少文治,文学才华欠缺。第三,他们的不足是时代、阶级局限造成的。第四,表现了作者后来者居上的伟大气概。提问(3):作者对秦皇汉武、唐宗宋祖、成吉思汗的评价有区别吗?从哪里可以看出来?明确:有区别,“略输”“稍逊”二词表现作者对秦皇汉武和唐宗宋祖在文治方面的不足只是略有批评,而“只识”一词则表现出对成吉思汗是一种近乎嘲讽的评价。
目标导学二:再读课文,理解诗意1.品读第一节,思考:第一节包含的意象有哪些?表现了春天大自然的哪些特点?明确:春风、青草。表现了大自然的勃勃生机和美丽生动。2.画出第一节中能表现春风和春草特点的词语,分析它们的表达效果。(可用“以什么修辞或者表现手法表现了什么事物什么特点”的格式来表达)明确:“揉过”“低首”运用拟人的修辞手法,写出了春风吹过草地,小草随风摇曳的情景。“也许远水荡起了一片绿潮”运用比喻的修辞手法,把草地比作“绿潮”,写出了绿草像“潮水”一样涌动,给人带来无限生机和活力。3.品读第二节,思考:第二节紧承第一节哪个词语?第二节描写的意象有哪些?描绘了一幅怎样的画面?明确:紧承第一节的“向晚”。意象:展翅的飞鸟、天边的流云和大地。画面:在黄昏时分,鸟儿在深邃的天空中翱翔,夕阳染红了天边的流云,彩霞铺满天空,也映红了大地。
预设 示例1:“板块背上驮着许多大陆,当板块向一个或另一个方向运动时,大陆也随之一起运动。”“驮”字形象地写出了大陆漂移的样子,使抽象的理论变得生动、有趣、易懂。示例2:“位于南极中心部位的南极洲是全球的大冰箱。”运用了打比方的说明方法,形象地说明了南极洲寒冷的程度和南极洲在地球生态环境中的重要位置。 示例3:“一立方英寸被压扁的沙子比一立方英寸普通的沙子要重得多。”运用作比较的说明方法,说明同体积被压扁的沙子比普通沙子重得多的特点。【设计意图】本环节设计的三个层次的语言赏析,让学生深入文本体会、学习语言简明精练、逻辑性强、幽默风趣的特点,提高学生的语言鉴赏能力,为今后的说明文写作夯实基础。四、总结拓展,激发思维所选的两篇课文就同一对象——恐龙从不同角度思考,从而发现新的论据或得出新的结论。文章给了我们一些有益的启示:不同领域的科学发现可以互相启发,从而有新的发现;要学会从不同角度思考问题。选择下面两个探讨任务之一课外完成。
预设 示例:班上分享个人读书经验大家好!既然今天是交流读书体会,那么,我想结合自己的读书体会和大家聊聊读书。一个爱读书的民族,必定是一个文化素质较高的民族;一个爱读书的人,也必定是一个文化素质较高的人。读书能开阔我们的视野,提高我们的写作水平;读书能提升自身修养,丰富我们的人生底蕴。读书是我们精神的呼吸,能让人保持平淡的心境,变得博爱而无私。为了让我们的生活和心灵变得轻盈一些,我们需要读书。那么,应该怎样读书呢?其一,要择书而读。需要的才是最适合的,读适合的书才能有良多收获。如果没有特别需要的书要读,可以读经典。经典是经过岁月沉淀下来的人类智慧的结晶,可以让我们触摸先贤的思想,以充实自身。其二,要读而有术。要对好书反复品味,将其内化吸收,然后进行批判性阅读,有自己的思想主张和拓展探究价值判断;在读书过程中与作者进行辩论,最后形成自己的思想体系,为我所用,而不是让自己的脑袋成为别人思想的“跑马场”。
(3)推荐男女生代表各一位在全班进行演讲展示。 (4)围绕“讲”和“演”两方面的技巧,点评演讲效果。(生开展演讲活动,师指导)【设计意图】本环节通过集中梳理演讲技巧,并设计演讲技巧进行演讲展示,引导学生将理论知识逐步运用于具体的演讲实践中,提高学生的演讲能力。五、总结存储1.教师总结现代奥林匹克运动的创始人顾拜旦面对世界政治格局剧变的局面,以战略家的视野指出奥林匹克精神的内涵与价值,用诗歌般的语言阐述了奥林匹克平和自信的内涵,提出了奥林匹克运动的宗旨是教育,是面向大众,是促进和平、公平、公正。他激情澎湃地畅想美好前景,确信奥林匹克精神必将如阳光般普照大地。整篇演讲词站位高、格局广,语言庄重、典雅,值得我们用心体会。2.布置作业学校即将举行春季运动会,如果你被邀请在运动会的开幕式上作为学生代表发言,你将如何演讲?结合你对奥林匹克运动的精神的理解,写一篇300字左右的演讲词,并适当设计一些演讲技巧。
第一部分(第1~4段),提出关于6500万年前恐龙灭绝的问题,目前存在的两种对立的理论,即“撞击说”和“火山说”。第2和第3自然段先后举了两个例子提出了关于“撞击说”和“火山说”这两种观点。第二部分(第5段至全文完),通过对“被压扁的沙子”的反思,证明外星撞击导致恐龙灭绝,支持“撞击说”。这部分又分四层。第一层(第5、6段),说明关于恐龙灭绝的原因不仅仅是一个学术问题,我们以后也许还会遇到这种情况,因此,科学家们一直都在努力寻找证据来验证这两种理论。第二层(第7~10段),说明1961年一位苏联科学家发现了“斯石英”,并且介绍了它的性质,为下文佐证“撞击说”奠定了基础。第三层(第11~13段),说明斯石英不仅可以在实验室制造,而且它在自然界中是可以存在的,不过它们只出现在沙子被强烈挤压的地方。由此推断撞击是可以产生斯石英的。事实也证明,火山喷发是不会产生斯石英的,从而进一步佐证了“撞击说”。
教学目标:知识和能力目标:1.积累一些文言字词。2.了解两篇短文的思想内容,充分领略作者的情怀,认识这种情怀产生的背景。3.背诵并默写这两篇短文。过程和方法目标:1.加强朗读训练,提高朗读能力。2.把握两文托物言志的写法。情感态度和价值目标:1.学习《陋室铭》,感受作者安贫乐道的生活情趣,学习作者高洁傲岸的节操。2.学习《爱莲说》,认识作者不慕名利、洁身自好的生活态度,感受其高雅脱俗的情怀。教学重点:1.朗读课文、背诵课文。2.引导学生理解文章表达的情感,欣赏两文的语言之美,手法之美。教学难点:1.辨析《陋室铭》中结尾引孔子的话“何陋之有”的含义,及“无丝竹之乱耳,无案牍之劳形”的言外之意;理解类比手法的运用。2. 《爱莲说》文,具有哪些美好品质的人才是作者心目中的君子?如何辨析“莲之爱”与“菊之爱”?理解映衬手法的运用。教法学法:朗读法 ,串讲伐,合作探究法,练习法。
【目标导航】1. 掌握即席发言的要领和表达技巧。2. 通过情境创设的训练,克服发言时的紧张心理,学习即席发言的快速构思方法,提高瞬时应变和即席发言能力。3. 进行即席发言的初步尝试,充分调动课堂参与的热情,培养良好的语言习惯,表现出较高的文化素养和气质风度。【课时安排】1课时自由分成学习小组,做好活动计划,分配小组成员交际任务, 围绕“即席讲话”的这个交际主题,做好本次口语交际。【新课导入】即席讲话,也叫即兴发言,是指在某个特定场合,临时受到邀请,由他人提议或自己认为有必要而作的简短讲话。【交际技巧】即席发言有三个特点:一、临场性即席发言既不能事先拟就讲稿,也不能进行试讲,它必须靠临时准备、临场发挥,因此临场性就成了即席发言最主要的特征。
【设计意图】从诗意的语言入手,引导学生关注句式节奏、抒情性、叙事性、哲理性,品析语言,从而加深对文本的理解,体会作者对丽江的热爱、赞美之情,体会作者在景物描写中隐含的思想。五、总结存储1.教师总结作者虚构一个旅游者兼讲述者——“一滴水”,用它形成时空线索,串联起丽江的自然风光、历史文化、民俗风情,并着力表现景物背后的丽江的人文精神,来抒发作者对丽江古城与自然美妙融合的赞美之情,对丽江的醇美、和谐、沉静的赞美之情,对传统与现代文明和谐交融的赞美之情,对自然万物的热爱和生命平等的意识。诗意的语言中,有强烈的抒情,有厚重的历史感,有深邃的哲思。这“一滴水”折射出的,是阿来的思想、灵魂。2.布置作业(1)模仿本文的写法,写一篇不少于600字的随笔,选择一个恰当的视角,跨越时空,全面多角度展现家乡的自然风光、历史文化、风土人情。(2)课外阅读阿来的《大地的阶梯》,体会融景物、历史、感悟、思考于一体的游记风格。