二、有关评述1.(《锦瑟》)此悼亡诗也。意亡者善弹此,故睹物思人,因而托物起兴也。瑟本二十五弦,弦断而为五十弦矣,故曰“无端”也,取断弦之意也。“一弦一柱”而接“思华年”,二十五而殁也。“蝴蝶”“杜鹃”,言已化去也;“珠有泪”,哭之也;“玉生烟”,葬之也,犹言埋香瘗(yì)玉也。此情岂待今日追忆乎?只是当时生存之日,已常忧其至此而预为之惘然,必其婉弱多病,故云然也。(清·朱彝尊《李义山诗集》评语)2.诗以锦瑟起兴,“无端”二字便有自讶自怜之意,此锦瑟之弦遂五十耶?瑟之柱如其弦,而人之年已历历如其柱矣,即孔北海所谓五十之年忽忽至也。庄生梦醒,化蝶无踪,望帝不归,啼鹃长托,以比华年之难再也。感激而明珠欲泪,绸缪而暖玉生烟,华年之情尔尔。不但今日追忆无从,而在当日已成虚负,故曰“惘然”。(清·杜诏、杜庭珠《唐诗叩弹集》评语)
3.结合陶渊明所处的时代背景、生活经历,理解本诗的内容,体会作者的情感。陶渊明的志趣与性格、社会的黑暗污浊,终于使他同统治阶级上层社会完全决裂,回到田园中来。诗歌开篇两句写出了作者爱丘山、憎世俗的情感,统领全篇。接着以比喻、对偶的手法,生动地展示了自己为官13年的“羁鸟”“池鱼”的仕途生活,表现了对仕途的厌恶,对自由田园生活的强烈渴望。第二层作者由近及远着力描绘了田园风光:方宅以下四句,以简淡的笔墨,勾画出自己居所的朴素美好;暧暧以下四句,视线转向远处,使整个画面显出悠邈、虚淡、静穆、平和的韵味。作者正是以此作为污浊喧嚣的官场——“樊笼”——的对立面,表现自己的社会理想和人生观念,结末“复得返自然”的“自然”,既是指自然的环境,也指自然的生活。诗中诗人把统治阶级的上层社会斥为“尘网”,把投身其中看成是做“羁鸟”、“池鱼”,把退处田园说成是冲出“樊笼”重返“自然”,表现了他对丑恶社会的鄙视。在这里,淳朴、宁静的田园生活与虚伪、欺诈、互相倾轧的上层社会形成了鲜明的对比,具有格外吸引人的力量。
6.小结:作者以一株常春藤为线索,牵出无限的情思,唱出了一曲绿色生命之歌。绿色是自然给予人类的审美心理需求,它给人以和平安宁的象征,给人以生命活力的感召力量。古诗词中就有不少写“绿”的名句,能背几句吗?(学生背诵,谈自己的理解。)这些诗句中写到绿,体现了诗人独特的感悟、思想,因此千古传颂。绿在视觉上给人以美感,色彩美;心理上使人愉悦,安宁。这就是一般人都喜欢绿,爱绿的原因。而我们的作者在“烽火四逼”的民族危亡时刻,不仅写爱绿,更赋予绿以时代需要的象征意义——(齐读板书。)我们从中窥见他渴望光明、自由,呼唤永不屈服于黑暗的“崇高的灵魂”。他确实有一颗——“黄金的心”。在那抗日救国的年代,《囚绿记》确有照亮民族心灵的作用。
一、导入那位同学,你叫什么名字,同学们脑瓜灵活。有位先生他智商决不低于我们其中的任何一位而且学富五车、才高八斗,但是有时他居然会把自己的名字忘记,有一回他给陶孟和打电话,陶家的佣人问:“您哪位?”他张口结舌答不出来,又不好意思说忘记了。只好说:“你不要管,请陶先生接电话就行了.”但那个用人说不行,他便又请求了两三次,还是不行,于是他跑去问给他拉洋车的王喜。谁想王喜也说不知道。他急了,问:“你有没有听别人说过?”王喜这才想起:“我听见人家都叫你金博士”阿弥托佛原来姓金,大家猜出这是谁来了吧。出示资料金岳霖介绍,让学生过目。金岳霖(1895—1984),中国现代哲学家、逻辑学家。字龙荪,湖南长沙人。1911年入北京清华学堂,1914—1921年在美国宾夕法尼亚大学、哥伦比亚大学学习政治学。获哥伦比亚大学政治学博士。
【教学步骤】一、作者及作品:亨利·梭罗(1817-18620,美国作家,诗人,自然主义者,改革家和哲学家。1817年出生于康科德城,十六岁即进入美国著名学府哈佛大学就学。次年,大思想家爱默生到哈佛大学作了题为《美国学者》的演讲,宣扬先知先觉的智慧,而正是这一次演讲,给了梭罗以深刻的影响,改变了他的人生。梭罗从哈佛大学毕业后,本来前程似锦,但他避开闹市,住到爱默生家中。在担任数年中学校长后,毅然决定以作诗和论述自然为终生事业。梭罗受超经验主义领袖爱默生影响很深。1845年,28岁的梭罗撇开金钱的羁绊,在爱默生的林地中的瓦尔登湖畔自建一个小木屋,自耕自食两年有余。专业从事写作。本书即是他对两年林中生活所见所思所悟的记录。十年后,《瓦尔登湖》出版,但它不仅未能引起人们的重视,相反还遭到批评和讥讽。然而,随着时光的流逝,这本书的影响却越来越大,终而成为美国文学中的一本独特的、卓越的名著。
1.作者简介卡尔·萨根(CarlSagan,1934—1996),美国人,曾任美国康奈尔大学行星研究中心主任,被称为“大众天文学家”和“公众科学家”。他以对科学的热忱和个人巨大的影响力,引导几代年轻人走上探索科学之路。他对人类将无人航天器发送到太空起过重要的作用,在行星科学、生命的起源、外星智能的探索方面也有诸多成就。他主持过电视科学节目,出版了大量科普文章和书籍,其《伊甸园的飞龙》曾获得普里策奖,电视系列节目《宇宙》在全世界取得热烈反响。主要作品还有《宇宙联结》《宇宙》《布卢卡的脑》《被遗忘前辈的阴影》《暗淡蓝点》《数以十亿计的星球》等。2.解说词的文体特点课文是一部电视片的解说词,具有以下几个特点:(1)解说词要根据解说对象的特点,有明确的主题和说明重点,不能面面俱到,要突出事物的主要方面,抓住事物的关键,即使是拓展性内容,也不能游离解说的主题。如课文解说的对象是宇宙,那么就要紧扣宇宙的组成来介绍,不能随意生发其他问题。
The price is the same as(the price was)before the war.价格与战前相同。(4)定语从句中的“关系代词+助动词be”可以省略。The ticket(that/which was)booked by his sister has been sent to him.他妹妹订的那张票已送到了他那里。Step 5 PracticeActivity 3(1) Guide students to complete the four activities in the Using Structures part of exercise book, in which activities 1 and 2 focus on ellipsis in dialogue answers, activity 3 focus on signs and headlines, two typical situations where ellipsis is used, and activity 4 focus on ellipsis in diary, an informal style.(2) Combine the examples in the above activities, ask students to summarize the omitted situations in groups, and make their own summary into a poster, and post it on the class wall after class to share with the class.(This step should give full play to the subjectivity of students, and teachers should encourage students to conclude different ellipsis phenomena according to their own understanding, they can conclude according to the different parts omitted in the sentence.)Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the usages of ellipsis;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures of Workbook.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握省略的用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否根据上下文语境或情景恢复句子中省略的成分,体会使用省略的效果;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否独立完成练习册和导学案中的相关练习。
(2)Consolidate key vocabulary.Ask the students to complete the exercises of activity 6 by themselves. Then ask them to check the answers with their partners.(The first language:Damage of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire.A second language: Yunnan - one of the most diverse provinces in China).Step 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the more words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences.2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes.3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better.Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否结合文本特点了解文章的结构和作者的写作逻辑;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否了解旧金山的城市风貌、文化特色,以及加利福尼亚州的历史,体会多元文化对美国的影响。
该板块的活动主题是“介绍一个有显著文化特征的地方”( Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity)。该板块通过介绍中国城继续聚焦中国文化。本单元主题图呈现的是旧金山中国城的典型景象, Reading and Thinking部分也提到中国城,为该板块作铺垫。介绍中国城的目的主要是体现中国文化与美国多元文化的关系,它是美国多元文化的重要组成部分。中国城也是海外华人的精神家园和传播中国文化的重要窗口,外国人在中国城能近距离体验中国文化。1. Read the text to understand the cultural characteristics of Chinatown in San Francisco and the relationship between Chinese culture and American multiculturalism;2. Through reading, learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose and writing characteristics;3. Learn to give a comprehensive, accurate, and organized description of the city or town you live in;Learn to revise and evaluate your writing.Importance:1. Guide the students to read the introduction of Chinatown in San Francisco and grasp its writing characteristics;2. Guide students to introduce their city or town in a comprehensive, accurate and organized way;3. Learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose, and master the core vocabulary.
Activity 81.Grasp the main idea of the listening.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions:Who are the two speakers in the listening? What is their relationship?What is the main idea of the first part of the listening? How about the second part?2.Complete the passage.Ask the students to quickly review the summaries of the two listening materials in activity 2. Then play the recording for the second time.Ask them to complete the passage and fill in the blanks.3.Play the recording again and ask the students to use the structure diagram to comb the information structure in the listening.(While listening, take notes. Capture key information quickly and accurately.)Step 8 Talking Activity 91.Focus on the listening text.Listen to the students and listen to the tape. Let them understand the attitudes of Wu Yue and Justin in the conversation.How does Wu Yue feel about Chinese minority cultures?What does Justin think of the Miao and Dong cultures?How do you know that?2.learn functional items that express concerns.Ask students to focus on the expressions listed in activity. 3.And try to analyze the meaning they convey, including praise (Super!).Agree (Exactly!)"(You're kidding.!)Tell me more about it. Tell me more about it.For example, "Yeah Sure." "Definitely!" "Certainly!" "No kidding!" "No wonder!" and so on.4.Ask the students to have conversations in small groups, acting as Jsim and his friends.Justin shares his travels in Guizhou with friends and his thoughts;Justin's friends should give appropriate feedback, express their interest in relevant information, and ask for information when necessary.In order to enrich the dialogue, teachers can expand and supplement the introduction of Miao, dong, Lusheng and Dong Dage.After the group practice, the teacher can choose several groups of students to show, and let the rest of the students listen carefully, after listening to the best performance of the group, and give at least two reasons.
1、变换角度,多向思维(多向思维要求思维能针对问题,从不同角度,用多种方法去思考问题。对于作文而言,就是要使学生学会对同一问题,同一素材,同一题目,同一体裁的不同进行区分。)请学生从这则材料中分析出几个角度,准备课堂交流:19世纪法国著名科幻小说家儒勒?凡尔纳,一生写了104部科幻小说。当初他的第一部科幻小说《气球上的星期五》接连被15家出版社退回。他当时既痛苦又气愤,打算将稿子付之一炬。他妻子夺过书稿,给他以鼓励。于是他尝试着走进第16家出版社。经理赫哲尔阅读后,当即表示同意出版,还与儒勒?凡尔纳签订了为期20年的写作出版合同。这则材料叙述时没有一定的中心,属于开发性材料,分析材料中人物、人物关系、故事的不同侧面,可以从不同角度得出结论:
评价分析法,就是引述事例后,对所引述的事例作适当的评价,从而使自己的观点得到印证。例如,在论“节俭”时,引用了“曾国藩以俭戒子,其子曾纪泽终成出色的外交家;方志敏居官不贪,一生清贫,千古留名”的事实后,接着进行分析:是的,“俭者心常富”,节俭能培养人同困难作斗争的勇气和意志,而这正是一个人立业最重要的素质。从这个意义上说,有人说饥饿是人生的佐料,吃苦是一种资本也不无道理,而自觉和戒奢尚俭则更是促人修身养性,磨炼意志的有效途径。这里,作者紧扣论点,对论据进行了评价性分析,这种评价分析使作者的观点得到强化。(四)因果分析法因果分析法,就是抓住论据所述的事实,并据此推求形成原因的一种分析方法。事出必有其因。我们可以依据事物发展变化的因果关系,由事物发展变化的结果,推导出产生这种结果的原因,从而揭示出一定的生活规律,使事例有力地证明观点。
《普通高中语文课程标准》关于“表达与交流”方面学生应达到的目标有如下的表述:“学会多角度地观察生活,丰富生活经历和情感体验,对自然、社会和人生有自己的感受和思考”,“进一步提高记叙述、说明、描写、议论、抒情等基本表达能力”。观察、感受、思考是写好作文的必要的积累与条件,而用最恰当的语言与形式传达自己的所得则属于“技巧”方面的范畴。教材“表达与交流”的编选采用的“话题探讨—写法借鉴—写作练习”的体例,其优点是就某一话题训练某一方面的写作能力,能使教与学具有较强的操作性,目标更具体,也就是“既讲‘写什么’,又讲‘怎么写’”,能克服“纯技术性训练”;不足在于容易造成教与学上的“只见树木、不见森林”现象。要让学生确实形成能力,举一反三,老师的备课量非常之大,好在现在网络发达,必修1和必修2还配了教案(不知为什么必修3和必修4没有),总算应对过来,因此,我在此所讲的教学设计之类的,有许多不是我个人的,是别人的成果,特此声明。
Activity 41. Students complete the task of activity 4, then teachers and students check the answers. 2. The teacher organized the students to work together and asked them to use the tables and mind maps sorted out before to retold the important choices in Lin Qiaozhi's life and their resultsStep 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the core words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences. 2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes. 3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better. Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text; 2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences. 3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan. 1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否结合文本特点总结林巧稚的人生原则和人格品质特征;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否针对人生抉择发表自己的看法;能否全面地、客观地、理性地看待问题,进而对道德和人性有更加深入的思考和理解。
The joke set her crying.这个玩笑使她哭起来。Step 5 ReadingActivity 31. Students read the small text in activity 3. The teacher provides several small questions to check whether students understand the content of the text and the ideographic function of the -ing form in the text.*Where are those people?*Why did Dr Bethune come to China?*How did he help the Chinese people during the war?*What did Chairman Mao Zedong say about him?2. Ss try to rewrite some sentences using the -ing form. Then check the answers. When checking the answers, the teacher can ask different students to read the rewritten sentences and give comments.Answers:1. he became very interested in medicine, deciding to become a doctor.2. …after hearing that many people were dying in the war.3. Helping to organise hospitals, he taught doctors and nurses, and showed people how to give first aid./ He helped to organise hospitals, teaching doctors and nurses, and showing people how to give first aid.4. …praising Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.Step 6 PracticeActivity 4Students complete grammar activities 2 and 3 on page 69 of the workbook.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握动词-ing形式作宾语补足语语和状语语的功能和意义;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否正确使用动词-ing形式描述人物的行为、动作及其经历;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否独立完成练习册和导学案中的相关练习。
3.Teachers ask different groups to report the answers to the questions and ask them to try different sentence patterns.The teacher added some sentence patterns for students to refer to when writing.Step 4 Writing taskActivity 51.Write the first draft.Students first review the evaluation criteria in activity 5, and then independently complete the draft according to the outline of activity 4, the answers to the questions listed in the group discussion and report, and the reference sentence pattern.2.Change partners.The teacher guides the students to evaluate their partner's composition according to the checklist of activity 5 and proposes Suggestions for modification.3.Finalize the draft.Based on the peer evaluation, students revise their own compositions and determine the final draft.Finally, through group recommendation, the teacher selects excellent compositions for projection display or reading aloud in class, and gives comments and Suggestions.Step 5 Showing writingActivity 5T call some Ss to share their writing.Step 6 Homework1. Read the passage in this section to better understand the passage.2. Carefully understand the hierarchical structure of the article, and deeply understand the plot of the story according to the causes, process and results;3. Independently complete the relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否通过人物言行的对比分析道德故事的深层内涵;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否根据故事的起因、经过和结果来深入理解故事的情节,从而了解文章的层次结构;4、结合现实生活案例发表自己的见解和看法,写一篇观点明确、层次分明的故事评论。
(2) students are divided into groups according to the requirements of activity 3. Each student shares a story of personal experience or hearing-witnessing kindness, and then selects the most touching story in the group and shares it with the whole class. Before the students share the story, the teacher can instruct them to use the words and sentence patterns in the box to express. For example, the words in the box can be classified:Time order: first of all, then, after that, later, finally logical relationship :so, however, although, butTeachers can also appropriately add some transitional language to enrich students' expression:Afterwards, afterwards, at last, in the end, eventuallySpatial order: next to, far from, on the left, in front ofOtherwise, nevertheless, as a result, therefore, furthermore, in addition, as well asSummary: in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in briefStep 8 Homework1. Understand the definition of "moral dilemma" and establish a correct moral view;2. Accumulate vocabulary about attitudes and emotions in listening texts and use them to express your own views;3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生能否理解理解“道德困境”的定义;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否通过说话人所表达的内容、说话的语气、语调等来判断其态度和情绪;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否针对具体的道德困境发表自己的看法和见解,能否掌握听力理训练中的听力策略。
巩固延伸尝试与他人进行书信交流第三课时教学设计教学目的与要求:1、 能够使用所学四会句子完成Task time中的采访任务。2、 能够理解Let’s play中的问题并做出正确回答。3、 能够听懂、会唱歌曲“My Favourite Day”。教学重、难点:重点、难点为复习并使用四会句子完成Task time中的采访任务,并展示个人报道。课前准备:教学挂图、录音带、录音机、简历表教学过程:1、 热身(1) 放第二单元歌曲,学生跟唱,复习有关一周七天的单词。(2) 日常口语练习。2、 预习:放录音,欣赏歌曲。3、 新授Task time(1) 就歌曲内容向学生提问:Do you like weekends? What’s your favourite day? 引导学生回答:My favourite day is Saturday/Sunday. 并请学生说明理由,表述周末活动。出示采访表,回答问题。(2) 让学生参照学生用书的采访表进行小组交流,并在最短的时间内填充表格,然后每组派代表做汇报。Let’s play看图片,指导学生先读懂句子,再回答问题。Let’s sing学生理解并学唱本单元歌曲“My Favourite Day”.巩固延伸:采访教师;画画猜人
1.Think and write接上一个环节,老师说“Zoom is careless. Where are his things? Let’s look.” 让学生看课本图片,认真观察。a. 教师给出例句,请同学仿照例句说出句子Zoom’s red shoes are in the library.Zoom’s green sweater is in the gym.b.学生完成课本图片后的短文。可以找程度好的同学在黑板上书写。c.让学生在小组内朗读句子。2. Let’s read..出示钟表模型,老师拨出几个有代表性的时间,学生分两组用“What time is it ? It’s ........It’s time to ……”进行问答。老师在学生回答时把时间和活动写在黑板上如下:Time Activities7:00 get up 7:30 go to school9:00have Chinese/math class10:00read books 或其他12:00 eat lunch3:15have P.E classOh, you have a busy day. Look, this is John’s day.a. 由上个环节引出John’s list. 教师引导学生仔细看Let’s read 部分的图,阅读John的活动时间表, 然后独立完成句子的正误判断,最后进行检查。b.让学生再次读John的活动时间表,回答下面的问题:What time does John go to school? Where does John read books?
1.热身(warm-up) (1)全班齐唱歌曲“How call I Get to the Zoo?’’ (2)师生一起吟唱第一单元的歌谣,要求学生一边吟唱,一边用手打节拍。 2.预习(Preview) 教师对学生有关My Dream Vacation的短文做出总体评价,并请几名写得有创意的学生朗读他们的短文,教师针对其内容提问,如:“Where are you going? What are you going to do? How are you going to there等。教师根据课前的准备,在最后一名学生朗读完文章并回答了问题以后,简化并板书该学生的回答,将其改编成为一首小歌谣,如: Where are you going? What are you going to do? I’m going to the ZOO to see the monkeys. I’m going by bike.I’m going On foot. I live near the ZOO.So I won’t take a train. 教师拍节拍示范朗读自己改写的新歌谣,学生模仿吟唱新歌谣。 3.新课呈现(Presentation) Let’s chant 在以上活动的基础上,教师放Let’s chant部分的录音,学生静听并试着跟读,再看着文字吟唱。师生可进行问答式吟唱,并在小组间展开比赛。 Listen and match