题稚川山水【唐】戴叔伦松下茅亭五月凉,汀沙云树晚苍苍。行人无限秋风思,隔水青山似故乡。注:戴叔伦,唐代诗人,此诗作于作者宦游途中。
夜来似闻某人素心,明日试往看之,入其门,窥其闺,见所谓某人方据案面南看一文书。顾客入来,默然一揖,便拉袖命坐,曰:“君既来,可亦试看此书。”相与欢笑。日影尽去,既已自饥,徐问客曰:“君亦饥耶?”不亦快哉!
Electric cars may seem like a recent invention,but they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were ___16___ electric cars on the road than gasoline(汽油)cars,because at that time, gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels(燃料)
Once, herfather took her to the kitchen. He asked Jane to take a potato, an egg ____11____ two spoons of tea leaves. Jane was ____12____, andasked her father, “Do you want me to cook?”
The December day started like any other. Papacame back with his boat full of fish. Mama made breakfast for the family.Seven-year-old Joonas was doing his homework, while his two little brothers ranaround the yard. That day seemed peaceful, but Alejo ____16____ better.
My arms were shaking and my heart was beating ____19____ when I stood at thestarting line. ____20____the endless runway (跑道), I felt like a boat fighting against the windand rain. I ____21____myself that simply joining in was a victory (胜利) itself.
If youthink you have walked into a library with a ____11____ likethat, you are exactly wrong. ____12____, you’ve entered the workplace of CourtneyHolmes, known as the Storybook Barber (理发师).
Mr. Zhang was a cook in Canada. He ___11___ in Guangzhou, and he learned to cook in HongKong. He moved to Canada for work when he was 26 years old. Everything was goodtill COVID-19(新冠病毒)brokeout. Last year, he returned to China because the economy(经济)inCanada began ___12___down.
Late onenight, Gulliver received a warning that some nobles wanted him killed. Even theemperor of Lilliput wanted to give him less food to save ___16___. It was true Gulliver was very expensive.
For Yang, one of the long-expected activitiesduring the Spring Festival is to take photos with family members. On the earlymorning of the second day of the Chinese New Year when the whole family reunite,he would dress up and wait for the photo to be taken.
I’m glad to receive your letter and know yourunforgettable(难忘的)experience.Now I’d like to share mine. Last Friday, I was cleaning my room and found anold photo in a drawer. While I was looking at it, the ___16___ memory of that day came back to me.
Du, 23,is a student from Shanghai University. He won third place at the ninth IOIO (国际折纸奥林匹克) in February this year. A total of 803 competitors from 59countries and areas took part in this year’s event.
Russia’s skating silver medalist AlexandraTrusova, 17, amazed the world with five quadruple jumps (四周跳)during free skate at the Beijing Winter Olympics. No other woman has everfinished five quadruple jumps in an Olympic competition.
When youand your friends turn to each other to talk about problems or troubles, yougive each other advice and help. One important thing of our growth is to makedecisions to help our friends and learn to support each other. This requires usto learn what it means to help friends and how to help them in right ways.
Everyone knows how similar chimpanzees (黑猩猩)are to humans. So it’s no surprise that their greetings are also close to ours.The most common ways of greeting between chimpanzees are hand touching andhugging. Sometimes they also kiss each other. Some chimpanzees can even learnsimple sign language.
Paper cutting or tearing is a cultural traditionin China. For centuries, it has been passed down from one generation(一代人) tothe next, especially from mothers to daughters. This beautiful art created byskillful artists is used to decorate(装饰) doors, ceilings, and bedsin people’s homes, or at celebrations such as birthdays and weddings.
材料一 秦汉时期的中央统治者,为了有效地维系“大一统”,都对统治思想进行了选择,用以规范、整齐全国上下的思想。……(秦汉以后)即使是在分裂割据的年代里,追求统一仍始终是各族统治者和民众的共同政治理念和奋斗目标。——《“大一统”之梦》材料二 在清朝辽阔的疆土上,生活着汉、满、蒙、回、藏等五十多个民族。清朝在边疆地区,分设机构,进行有效的管辖。清朝的统一,加强了各民族之间的经济文化联系,促进了边疆地区的开发,使我国统一多民族国家得到进一步巩固。 ——人教版七年级历史下册材料三 “台湾者,中国之土地也,久为贵国所踞,今余既来索,则地当归我,珍瑶不急之物,悉听而归。”──郑成功
材料二 从公元 476 年西罗马帝国灭亡到 14~16世纪文艺复兴之前, 欧洲是政教合一的封建时代,宗教裁判所可以仅仅因为布鲁诺信奉哥白尼的日心说这样一个科学学说,而把他视为异端判处死刑,烧死在罗马鲜花广场上。因此,欧洲中世纪的科技经济发展和社会进步都受到了极大的阻碍,史称“黑暗的中世纪”。而这一千年,中国国家长期统一,经济持续发展,中华封建文明在大踏步前进……以四大发明为标志的传统技术更为世人所称道……只是到了近代才落后于西方。——摘编自王渝生《传统文化与中国科技发展》(1)根据材料一并结合所学知识,指出中国古代科技在世界科技史上的地位变化情况。(4分)(2)根据材料二并结合所学知识,概述公元401~1500年中国古代科技发展的主要原因。(6分)(3)右图是某校初三·三班吕亚楠同学制作的中国“古代四大发明”手抄报照片, 其中“四大发明是什么”的答案有点模糊不清,请你补充完成。( 4 分)
【源远流长】材料一:战国时期,社会急剧变化,各学派纷纷著书立说,发表意见,互相辩论,形成了学术繁荣的局面。——岳麓书社《中国历史》七年级上册【博大精深】 材料二 第三单元 古代中国的科学技术与文学艺术 34 第8课 古代中国的发明和发现 36 第9课 辉煌灿烂的文学 42 第10课 充满魅力的书画和戏曲艺术 46——《高中历史(必修三)》
【思想的光芒】材料一 老子,中国古代伟大的思想家,春秋时期楚国人。他曾做过周朝管理藏书的史官,孔子曾向他问礼,感叹他学问的高深。年老时,留下了五千言的名著。这部著作流传甚广。据联合国教科文组织统计,它是世界上被译成外国文字最多的著作之一。孔子,中国古代伟大的思想家和教育家,春秋时期鲁国人。弟子三千,其言行被编成《论语》一书。他为我国文化教育事业的发展作出了重要贡献,被后世尊称为“万世师表”。孔子的思想在中国和世界思想史上享有重要地位。(1)材料所述老子的“名著”是什么?(1分)作为“万世师表”的孔子,其思想的核心是什么?(1分)战国时在思想文化领域出现了“百家争鸣”的局面,请列举其中一个学派及其代表人物。(1分)