三、具体研习1、文章的哪些段落描写了故都的秋?郁达夫先生既然这么喜欢故都的秋,那么他选取了哪些画面来写故都的秋?(学生阅读圈点,教师引导学生找关键词、关键句。)明确:从3--11自然段。主要是5幅画面,第3段庭院静观(破屋秋色),第4段槐树落蕊(街头落蕊),第5段秋蝉残鸣,第6—10段闲话秋凉,第11段清秋佳果。2、故都的秋有什么特点?明确:清、静、悲凉。2、作者在对这些景具体的描绘中,是如何体现故都秋“清、静、悲凉”的特点的呢?(下面先请同学来诵读课文3——11段落,其他同学要眼耳手脑并用,一是圈出文中体现秋天色彩的词语,二是标出传递声响的物名。我们将从“秋色”和“秋声”两个角度来品味一下故都的“秋味”。)
一、说教材《短歌行》是普通高中课程标准实验教科书必修(二)第二单元的一篇略读课文,本单元安排的是先秦到南北朝时期的诗歌。《短歌行》是著名政治家、军事家、文学家曹操的作品。诗中抓住“忧”字来写诗人为什么“忧”,如何解“忧”,从而表达希望能够招揽人才、完成统一天下的雄心壮志。所以本单元安排《短歌行》一诗,对学生全面了解曹操,感受曹操在短暂的人生中竭力创造伟业的气概。二、说学生我这一课的教学对象是高一学生。他们进入高中学习的时间只有三个多月,现在已经完成了必修(一)的学习。学习了现代诗歌单元,有了一定的诗歌学习基础,初步掌握了读诗的基本方法,但是还未能形成成熟的稳定的学习方式。同时,本单元学习是高中第一次接触古代诗歌,诗歌语言上的障碍和时间上的跨度对他们来说都是学习上的困难。因此教师要引导学生自主学习,合作学习,为他们设置新的学习情境,提供合作探究的机会。
四、品味诗歌艺术1、诗人是如何表现其品质的?运用了什么修辞手法?产生了怎样的表达效果?明确:诗句“扈江离与辟芷兮,纫秋兰以为佩”很好地体现了诗人光辉俊洁的人格。用“江离”“辟芷”“秋兰”三种香草来装饰自己,比喻自己,极其生动形象地表现了诗人自己美好的精神世界,使诗歌充满了浪漫主义气息。2、《离骚》中作者常以“香草”、“美物”来比喻自己、贤士和君王,并表达政治理想,这是《离骚》的一大艺术特色,这种方法叫做“移情法”,即不直接说出自己想说的话,而是把它寄寓于某一物上,也就是“移情于物”,这种方法在古典诗词中广泛运用,在政治不清明的时代,借用“移情”,可言难言之语,抒难抒之情。请找出相关的诗句,说说诗人是怎样运用这些比喻来表达政治理想的。
教学设想:本节课的主题是“生命之绿,璞玉心灵”,用圈点批注法解读爱绿的感情,让学生在批注中明确“绿”的象征意义,而不只是结论的传递。同时借助于阅读、感受和理解把握作者对绿的认识是不断升华的,由一般对生命希望之绿的喜爱,到与绿交往后被它的不畏强暴,永远向阳的精神所折服,最后在特定的时代背景下绿在作者的心目中已经成了我们民族不屈精神的象征。让学生评中求解,评中悟情,评中明理,评中品味。教学进程:一、导语上节课我们学习了朱自清的《绿》,初步了解了读书动笔的基本方法,这节课我们继续用圈点批注的方法来学习陆蠡的散文《囚绿记》。二、释题师:看标题,囚绿之“绿”在文中具体指什么?(一株常春藤)“囚”就是囚禁的意思,那题目就是记述囚禁绿色常春藤的经过。三、圈点、把握情节作者为什么要囚绿呢?文中除了写“囚绿”之外,还写了哪些有关绿的意念和行动?带着这样的质疑用自己喜欢的方式朗读课文,请同学们圈点出疑难字词,或结合书下注释,或同学合作解决,解决不了的,可提出来我们共同解决。标注段落节次。勾画出表现作者对绿意念和行动的句子。
【教学设想】一、选题设想《巴黎圣母院》是雨果的代表作,无论从思想内容还是艺术风格都有明显的浪漫主义特征:奇异曲折、扣人心弦的故事情节;妙趣横生、别出心裁的奇遇巧合;强烈鲜明的美丑、善恶对比;丰富生动、珠玑迸发、富有哲理意味的语言。通过导读,来消除学生对外国名著的畏难情绪,增加学生课外阅读的兴趣和信心;让学生整体把握作品,窥一斑而识全豹,让学生高屋建瓴,了解其旨意,以极为精确而又充满意蕴的文字,对名著的概述及精要部分做了介绍;引导学生自主探究,交流合作,培养学生的独立思考的学习惯,指点进行名著阅读的门径。作为导读课,教师应注意不可“越位”,在学生学习的过程中,教师的“导”固然重要,学生的“读”更不可或缺,应避免以“导读”来代替名著阅读。因此,《巴黎圣母院》的教学定位为基于课内,面向课外,以求达到以学带读,以读促学的目的。
教学过程:一、导语毛泽东在《沁园春雪》俯视封建君王“惜秦皇汉武。。。只识弯弓射大雕。”但如果历史上只有一个人可以与他相提并论,这个人只能是魏武帝曹操。“滚滚长江东逝水,浪花淘尽英雄。是非成败转头空,青山依旧在,几度夕阳红。”(《三国演义》卷首词)在历史的大浪淘沙中,有多少英雄能够经得起历史的千淘万漉而流芳百世呢?曹操应该是三国时代留下了浓重一笔的人物。老师总结,并启发他们去联系:我们学过他的《观沧海》“东临碣石,以观沧海…”还有《龟虽寿》“神龟虽寿,猷有竟时。老骥伏枥,志在千里;烈士暮年,壮心不已。”《青梅煮洒论英雄》中曾和他见过,《三国演义》电视剧播出后,大家和他也就频频见面了。《三国演义》第48回“宴长江曹操赋诗”中,赤壁之战前夕,曹操和众部将一起狂饮,他四顾空阔,心中大喜,与诸将讲述自己希望收服江南的雄心壮志。
1、教材的地位作用本课是新人教版普通高中历史必修Ⅱ第六单元第18课的内容,阐述罗斯福新政的背景、措施、影响。从单元知识安排看,本课与第17课《空前严重的资本主义世界经济危机》、19课《战后资本主义的新变化》共同诠释第六单元课题——《资本主义世界经济政策的调整》。说明了“资本主义经济理论和政策随着资本主义发展而不断调整的特点”,凸显了“市场调节”和“国家干预”在经济发展中的重要性。从知识体系看,它是学生学习了第一次工业革命后自由资本主义、第二次工业革命后的垄断资本主义等之后出现的,既是对上述知识的巩固与综合运用,又为学生学习必修二的相关内容打下基础,有承上启下的作用。本课三个子目从逻辑上看又是递进关系。第一个子目“临危受命”承上启下,说明了罗斯福上台的历史背景具有临危受命的特点,第二个子目“实施新政”讲述了罗斯福新政的主要内容,第三个子目“摆托危机困境”主要讲述了罗斯福新政的影响。
Ⅲ. Analysis of the teaching material:The topic of this unit is cultural relics. Students are quite interested in topics about different cultures around the world. This is the second period of the whole unit. As a reading class, the passage mainly talks about the history of the amber room (how it was made, sent as a gift, lost and rebuilt).According to the new national curriculum, when teaching reading, much emphasis should be put on training the students’ reading skills.Ⅳ. Teaching objectives1. Language objectives:1) Students are required to master the key words and phrases occurred in the passage (e.g. amazing, decorate, belong, in return, less than etc.)2) Students are required to learn the attributive clause and acquire the sentence pattern.2. 1) Students are required to describe a certain thing by using the new sentence patterns.2) Students are required to master two kinds of reading skills—skimming and scanning, and learn to use them in their daily reading.3. 1) Students are required to know the history of the amber room.2) Students are required to appreciate cultural relics and understand the importance of protecting them.Ⅴ. Teaching important and difficult points1) the new words, phrases, and sentence pattern in the course of reading.2) Teaching difficult point: Help the students master two kinds of reading skills—skimmingand scanning and learn to apply them in daily use.Ⅵ. Teaching methods:Task-based method & Top-down model Ⅶ. Teaching aids: PPT, pictures, blackboard Ⅷ. Teaching procedure:
Purpose of my design:To ask the students to do these two tasks will make the Ss predict the story of this passage. As a result, it will deepen Ss’ memory of this story because they will have their own understanding of this story.Step 3. While-readingTask 1. (Individual work _____min)Skimming: ask students to skim the text and the main ideas of each paragraph in this passage. Please read it quickly and then match the sentences with the letters.Task 2. (Individual work _____min)Scanning: read the text quickly and decide the whether the following statements are true or false and give reasons.Task 3. (Pair work _____min)Listen to the tape and fill in the banks. Then read the paragraph with expression to your partner.Task4 (individual work min)Listen to the tape again and write down the main idea in one sentence.Purpose of my design: Enable students to understand the given material better by using different reading skills. And proper competition can arouse the Ss’ interest in English learning. “Task-based” teaching method is used here todevelop the Ss’ ability of communication and also their ability of co-operation will be well trainedStep 4. Post-readingTask 1. (Individual work, pair work, group work, class work; _____min)Discussion (group of 4):1. If you were Hippomenes, would you run against Atlanta?2. Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race? Why or why not?Step 5. HomeworkPlease read the story again carefully after class and imagine: What will happen during the race between Hippomenes and Atlanta? Who do you think will win the race? Do you think Atlanta would marry Hippomenes? Write an end for the story with thses questions.Purpose of my design: Homework is so important and necessary for to master the knowledge they learned after class. It will check whether the Ss achieve the teaching aims.Part 5 Blackboard design
This lesson aims at making a poster about protecting wildlife after reading some posters. During reading students are guided to understand the content and try to summarize the posters with one sentence. Then students are guided to try to make a poster about protecting wildlife.1. Read the two posters and try to understand the summary sentences.2. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.3. Try to summarize the features of posters4. Try to make a poster about wildlife.1. Look at the two posters and try to understand what emotions they express.2. Try to summarize the features of posters3. Try to make a poster about wildlife.Step 1 Lead inLook at the the posters on the textbook and ask:Which emotions do the posters communicate ?Step 2 Read the poster and answer the questions.1. What do you think of the animals in the poster on the left ?I think it is frightening and ugly.2. Why do we should protect the ugly animals ?All species--the good, the bad, and the ugly-- should be treated equally.The world needs all kinds--without variety, our planet cannot survive.3. Why are billions of trees being cut down every year ?To make paper for humans.4. What result will be lead to after the trees are cut down ?A lost of animal homes are being destroyed./The habitat of wildlife is being destroyed.Step 3 Find the feature of posters1. What does each poster use to stir up emotions ?On the left, it makes us a little frightened and it looks a little ugly, but it can activate our curiosity--What is it? And What is wrong with it?On the right, it makes us feel a little sad and want to protect them.
2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(该动作在说话的瞬间未必正在进行)。Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.(说话时,并不一定正在进行)3.表示一种经常性的被动行为,常和always,constantly 等表示频度的副词连用,这种用法常常带有赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。He is always being praised by the leader.4.表示按计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词所表示的动作(仅限于少数及物动词)。A party is being held tonight.Step 4 Special cases1.像take care of, look after, talk about, think of等动词与介词构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时, 其中的介词不可省略。The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about. 2.可与部分情态动词连用,表示对正在发生的事情的推测。She may be being punished by her mother.3.有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作。A celebration is being held this weekend for his success.4.某些表示“状态、心理活动、存在”等的动词,如have,want,need,love,一般不用现在进行时的被动语态,而常用一般现在时的被动语态。With the population increasing,more land is needed.5.“be+under/in+n.”可表示现在进行时的被动意义。My computer is under repair.=My computer is being repaired.
The activity topic of this section is "report an ongoing event", and the structure is the passive voice of present continuous tense. Rare wild animals are suffering from large-scale poaching, and species are on the brink of danger. Rescue operations are underway. "Being" and "suffering" are the meanings of the present progressive passive voice.The usage of present progressive passive voice is of great importance in writing a good discourse and appreciating some difficult language items, so it is vital to master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Motivate Ss to deepen the understanding of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a fixed context.2. Enable Ss to master the usage of present progressive passive voice and use it flexibly in a context.3. Lead Ss to construct sentences or appreciate sentences used master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper usage of present progressive passive voice.Look at the picture and tell me what are workers doing? What is the house being done?
The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.” Due to the continuous deterioration of the living environment, a large number of wild animals are always facing the threat of endangered or extinction. Listening and speaking period enables students to understand the fact and reason why wild species are disappearing from the earth at an amazing speed, and realize that human beings ought to enhance the awareness of protecting wild species as soon as possible.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of " how to help wildlife in Ss’ neighborhood.". Now there are many volunteers who spontaneously protect wild animals, carry out various activities according to local conditions, and contribute their own strength to local animal protection with practical actions. Middle school students are also enthusiastic participants. They organize activities in their spare time, and take this opportunity to make friends, broaden their horizons, cultivate team spirit and communication skills. This section describes a bird watching activity organized by several middle school students of Bird watching Club. It aims to stimulate students' interest, improve their understanding of bird watching activities, and use the language structure of “being used for; in order to, so as to, to, so that, in order that ” to express the purpose for communication and discussion.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of using visuals to predict content.2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I am concerned about…” “what do you know about the endangered animals in…" and so on to talk about one of the endangered animals.
This lesson is about wildlife protection. The listening and speaking is about “How to protect endangered wildlife ?” Faced with the facts and numbers of wildlife loss, people begin to detect the reasons, then people such as the celebrities (Prince William and Yao Ming) are calling on to protect them. So students are guided to enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife and try to take part in some volunteer activities of protecting wildlife.1. Predict the content by using visuals. 2. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?3. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.5. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.1. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.2. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.3. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?4. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.Part A Listening and Speaking--- How to save endangered wildlifeStep 1 Lead in1. Point at the pictures on P14 and ask Q1: What message do these posters share?
The theme of this unit is human and nature, focusing on the theme of wildlife protection. Nature is a complex ecosystem, in which there are delicate balance between animals and plants. Because of the role of the food chain, the extinction of one species will produce influence, causing a series of chain reaction. Large scale extinction of species will have a serious and even irreversible impact on the ecosystem, resulting in immeasurable losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect wild species. To protect wild species is to protect human beings themselves. The motto of this unit is "when the buying stops, the killing can too,” which is a public service advertising slogan to protect wildlife. It tells people that every rhinoceros horn, every fur, every bowl of shark fin soup, every Ivory product, and every tiger bone product, etc. consumed by human beings, are innocent wild animals slaughtered behind them. The mission of wild aid is to ban illegal trade in endangered wildlife and mitigate climate change. It aims to educate the public to reduce the consumption demand for endangered wildlife products through public publicity and improve the awareness of environmental protection.1. Improve the awareness of wildlife protection by acquiring the knowledge of wildlife protection.2. Focus on environmental protection and protection of all lives.3. Analysis of the living environment of wild animals with appropriate thinking mode.4. Skillfully use the vocabulary and grammar knowledge of this unit to cultivate self-study ability according to the unit content5. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion and other ways1. Enable the Ss to talk about the current situation of wild animals.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.
1. 标题首先根据海报的特点、格式写明标题。海报中往往把内容作为大标题。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海报其正文部分的侧重点不同。对于介绍性的海报, 首先要引出话题, 其次列出原因, 最后是总结。对于宣传类的海报, 要写明具体内容, 如: 活动内容, 地点以及参加活动的注意事项, 主持或举办单位等。1. 图片: 要选择引人注目的图片, 与主题要相关, 色彩明亮。话题句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我国的国宝。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上仅现存几千只熊猫。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因为人类的活动, 老虎处于濒危的状态。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生动物面临着灭绝的危险。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施来保护它们。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人们应该提高保护野生动物的意识。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃惊, 目前中国仅有不足1 000只江豚。
(一)、复习提问1、请说出功的计算公式及功的单位2、我们用哪个物理量表示物体运动的快慢?(二)、创设情景,引入新课1、播放多媒体素材,用起重机和一个工人搬运几百块砖比较哪一种方法好?图中的情景说明了什么问题?(教师通过所设计的情景,将学生引入怎样比较做功快慢,让学生发表自己的看法,初步知道物体做功是有快慢之分的。)(三)、进行新课1、比较做功快慢的方法播放多媒体素材并提出问题:怎样比较两个人谁做功快谁做功慢?教师启发:以前学习过要比较两物体运动的快慢,可以先确定路程再比较时间,也可以先确定时间再比较路程。在路程和时间都不同时,通过计算速度比较两物体运动的快慢。同理,要比较物体做功的快慢可采用什么方法?
1.用CAI课件模拟汽车的启动过程。师生共同讨论:①如果作用在物体上的力为恒力,且物体以匀速运动,则力对物体做功的功率保持不变。此情况下,任意一段时间内的平均功率与任一瞬时的瞬时功率都是相同的。②很多动力机器通常有一个额定功率,且通常使其在额定功率状态工作(如汽车),根据P=FV可知:当路面阻力较小时,牵引力也小,速度大,即汽车可以跑得快些;当路面阻力较大,或爬坡时,需要比较大的牵引力,速度必须小。这就是爬坡时汽车换低速挡的道理。③如果动力机器在实际功率小于额定功率的条件下工作,例如汽车刚刚起动后的一段时间内,速度逐渐增大过程中,牵引力仍可增大,即F和v可以同时增大,但是这一情况应以二者乘积等于额定功率为限度,即当实际功率大于额定功率以后,这种情况不可能实现。
探究一:高中阶段功的含义是什么?投影:初中九年级《物理》105页学生思考:①图中物体的势能、动能分别如何变化?②物体能量的变化和做功是否存在关系?学生:分组讨论,得出结论:如果物体的能量发生变化时,说明有力对物体做了功。教师:进行点评和小结(设计意图:对初中知识深化理论认识,并为以后功能关系的教学作准备)探究二:力对物体做功的两个要素是什么?情景再现:找体重相对悬殊的两位同学,①A同学试图抱起B同学,但没成功。②B同学抱起A同学在教室内匀速走动。学生思考:在①中,A是否对B做功?在②中,B是否对A做功?学生:分析得出做功的两要素:物体受到力的作用,并且在力的方向上发生位移.教师:让学生分别例举生活中力对物体做功和不做功的例子,(设计意图:让学生亲身参与课堂实验,烘托课堂气氛,相互协作增进同学情谊)探究三:如果物体的位移不再力的方向上,那么力是否还对物体做功?