The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
Step 3 Meaning1. 过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用在宾语从句中。一般由“would/should +动词原形”构成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。2. was/were going to+动词原形: 表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作, 常用于口语中, 表示预言、意图或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期开始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用来表示即将发生的动作, “刚要/正要做……”。注意该结构不与任何时间状语连用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾计划做某事”, 如果表示“本来计划做某事, 动作没实现”, 则需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她说她本来想告诉我关于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等动词的过去进行时: 表示就过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。She was coming later. 她随后就来。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我刚穿上外套要去看我的一个朋友。
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who,其意思是问,对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
2. 您能看到, 我头发太长了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 无论什么时候, 只要您想回来就回来。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您仅有很少的头发要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 为您服务是我的荣幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
(一)、创设情景,导入新课摸牌游戏:三位同学持三组牌,指定三位同学分别任意摸出一张,看谁能摸到红牌,他们一定能摸到红牌吗?请手持牌的同学根据自已手中牌的情况,用语言描述一下抽出红牌的情况。总结:在一定条件下,有些事情我们事先能肯定它一定发生,这些事情成为 事件。有些事情我们事先能肯定它一定不会发生,这些事情称为 事件。 事件和 事件统称为确定事件。许多事情我们事先无法肯定它会不会发生,这些事情称为 事件,也称为 事件。
3)乘除运算①有理数的乘法法则:(老师给出,学生一起朗读)1. 两数相乘,同号得正,异号得负,并把绝对值相乘;2. 任何数与零相乘都得零;3. 几个不等于零的数相乘,积的符号由负因数的个数决定,当负因数有奇数个数,积为负;当负因数的个数为偶数个时,积为正;4. 几个有理数相乘,若其中有一个为零,积就为零。②有理数的除法法则:(老师提问,学生回答)1. 两个有理数相除,同号得正,异号得负,并把绝对值相除;2. 除以一个数等于乘以这个数的倒数。③关系(老师给出)除法转化为乘法进行运算。
一、课前准备师:同学们想一想,你同父母一起去商店买衣服时,衣服上的号码都有哪些,标志是什么?学生:我看到有些衣服上标有M、S、L、XL、XXL等号码.但我不清楚代表的具体范围,适合什么人穿,但肯定与身高、胖瘦有关.师:这位同学很善动脑,也爱观察.S代表最小号,身高在150~155cm的人适合穿S号.M号适合身高在155~160cm的人着装……厂家做衣服订尺寸也并不是按所有人的尺寸定做,而是按某个范围分组批量生产.你觉得这种生产方法有什么优点?学校要为同学们订制校服,为此小明调查了他们班50名同学的身高,结果(单位cm).如下
本节的内容主要是反比例函数的概念教学.反比例函数概念的建立,不能从形式上进行简单的抽象与概括,而是对这些实例从不同角度抽象出本质属性后,再进行概括。教材设计的基本思路是从现实生活中大量的反比例关系中抽象出反比例函数概念,让学生进一步感受函数是反映现实世界中变量关系的一种有效数学模型,逐步从对具体反比例函数的感性认识上升到对抽象的反比例函数概念的理性认识. 同时本节的学习内容,直接关系到本章后续内容的学习,也是继续学习其它各类函数的基础,其中蕴涵的类比、归纳、对应和函数的数学思想方法,对学生今后研究问题、解决问题以及终身的发展都是非常有益的.基于以上分析,本节教学设计是建立在一个个数学活动的基础上,经过对情境理解、本质抽象的积累而形成的.让学生对一类问题情境中两个变量间的关系,在充分经历写表达式,计算函数值和观察函数值随自变量变化规律的过程中,逐步概括形成反比例函数的概念.针对教学实际,我选取了贴学生现实的,有价值的实例“文具店里买学习用品”和“剪面积为定值的长方形纸片”等作为问题情境.
第三环节:课堂小结活动内容:1. 通过前面几个题,你对列方程组解决实际问题的方法和步骤掌握的怎样?2. 这里面应该注意的是什么?关键是什么?3. 通过今天的学习,你能不能解决求两个量的问题?(可以用二元一次方程组解决的。4. 列二元一次方程组解决实际问题的主要步骤是什么?说明:通过以上四个问题,学生基本上掌握了列二元一次方程组解决实际问题的方法和步骤,可启发学生说出自己的心得体会及疑问.活动意图:引导学生自己小结本节课的知识要点及数学方法,使知识系统化.说明:还可以建议有条件的学生去读一读《孙子算经》,可以在网上查,找出自己喜欢的问题,互相出题;同位的同学还可互相编题考察对方;还可以设置"我为老师出难题"活动,每人编一道题,给老师,老师再提出:"谁来帮我解难题",以此激发学生的学习兴趣和信心。
解:设甲班的人数为x人,乙班的人数为y人,根据题意,得x+y=93,14x+13y=27,解得x=48,y=45.答:甲班的人数为48人,乙班的人数为45人.方法总结:设未知数时,一般是求什么,设什么,并且所列方程的个数与未知数的个数相等.解这类问题的应用题,要抓住题中反映数量关系的关键字:和、差、倍、几分之几、比、大、小、多、少、增加、减少等,明确各种反映数量关系的关键字的含义.三、板书设计列方程组,解决问题)一般步骤:审、设、列、解、验、答关键:找等量关系通过“鸡兔同笼”,把同学们带入古代的数学问题情景,学生体会到数学中的“趣”;进一步强调数学与生活的联系,突出显示数学教学的实际价值,培养学生的人文精神;进一步丰富学生数学学习的成功体验,激发学生对数学学习的好奇心,进一步形成积极参与数学活动、主动与他人合作交流的意识.
教 学 过 程教师 行为学生 行为教学 意图时间 *揭示课题 1.2正弦型函数. *创设情境 兴趣导入 与正弦函数图像的做法类似,可以用“五点法”作出正弦型函数的图像.正弦型函数的图像叫做正弦型曲线. 介绍 播放 课件 质疑 了解 观看 课件 思考 学生自然的走向知识点 0 5*巩固知识 典型例题 例3 作出函数在一个周期内的简图. 分析 函数与函数的周期都是,最大值都是2,最小值都是-2. 解 为求出图像上五个关键点的横坐标,分别令,,,,,求出对应的值与函数的值,列表1-1如下: 表 001000200 以表中每组的值为坐标,描出对应五个关键点(,0)、(,2)、(,0)、(,?2)、(,0).用光滑的曲线联结各点,得到函数在一个周期内的图像(如图). 图 引领 讲解 说明 引领 观察 思考 主动 求解 观察 通过 例题 进一 步领 会 注意 观察 学生 是否 理解 知识 点 15
课程名称数学课题名称8.2 直线的方程课时2授课日期2016.3任课教师刘娜目标群体14级五高班教学环境教室学习目标知识目标: (1)理解直线的倾角、斜率的概念; (2)掌握直线的倾角、斜率的计算方法. 职业通用能力目标: 正确分析问题的能力 制造业通用能力目标: 正确分析问题的能力学习重点直线的斜率公式的应用.学习难点直线的斜率概念和公式的理解.教法、学法讲授、分析、讨论、引导、提问教学媒体黑板、粉笔
课题序号 授课班级 授课课时2授课形式新课授课章节 名称§9-1 平面基本性质使用教具多媒体课件教学目的1.了解平面的定义、表示法及特点,会用符号表示点、线、面之间的关系—基础模块 2.了解平面的基本性质和推论,会应用定理和推论解释生活中的一些现象—基础模块 3.会用斜二测画法画立体图形的直观图—基础模块 4.培养学生的空间想象能力教学重点用适当的符号表示点、线、面之间的关系;会用斜二测画法画立体图形的直观图教学难点从平面几何向立体几何的过渡,培养学生的空间想象能力.更新补充 删节内容 课外作业 教学后记能动手画,动脑想,但立体几何的语言及想象能力差
教 学 过 程教师 行为学生 行为教学 意图时间 *揭示课题 10.4 用样本估计总体 *创设情境 兴趣导入 【知识回顾】 初中我们曾经学习过频数分布图和频数分布表,利用它们可以清楚地看到数据分布在各个组内的个数. 【知识巩固】 例1 某工厂从去年全年生产某种零件的日产记录(件)中随机抽取30份,得到以下数据: 346 345 347 357 349 352 341 345 358 350 354 344 346 342 345 358 348 345 346 357 350 345 352 349 346 356 351 355 352 348 列出频率分布表. 解 分析样本的数据.其最大值是358,最小值是341,它们的差是358-341=17.取组距为3,确定分点,将数据分为6组. 列出频数分布表 【小提示】 设定分点数值时需要考虑分点值不要与样本数据重合. 分 组频 数 累 计频 数340.5~343.5┬2343.5~346.5正 正10346.5~349.5正5349.5~352.5正  ̄6352.5~355.5┬2355.5~358.5正5合 计3030 介绍 质疑 引领 分析 讲解 说明 了解 观察 思考 解答 启发 学生思考 0 10*动脑思考 探索新知 【新知识】 各组内数据的个数,叫做该组的频数.每组的频数与全体数据的个数之比叫做该组的频率. 计算上面频数分布表中各组的频率,得到频率分布表如表10-8所示. 表10-8 分 组频 数频 率340.5~343.520.067343.5~346.5100.333346.5~349.550.167349.5~352.560.2352.5~355.520.067355.5~358.550.166合 计301.000 根据频率分布表,可以画出频率分布直方图(如图10-4). 图10-4 频率分布直方图的横轴表示数据分组情况,以组距为单位;纵轴表示频率与组距之比.因此,某一组距的频率数值上等于对应矩形的面积. 【想一想】 各小矩形的面积之和应该等于1.为什么呢? 【新知识】 图10-4显示,日产量为344~346件的天数最多,其频率等于该矩形的面积,即 . 根据样本的数据,可以推测,去年的生产这种零件情况:去年约有的天数日产量为344~346件. 频率分布直方图可以直观地反映样本数据的分布情况.由此可以推断和估计总体中某事件发生的概率.样本选择得恰当,这种估计是比较可信的. 如上所述,用样本的频率分布估计总体的步骤为: (1) 选择恰当的抽样方法得到样本数据; (2) 计算数据最大值和最小值、确定组距和组数,确定分点并列出频率分布表; (3) 绘制频率分布直方图; (4) 观察频率分布表与频率分布直方图,根据样本的频率分布,估计总体中某事件发生的概率. 【软件链接】 利用与教材配套的软件(也可以使用其他软件),可以方便的绘制样本数据的频率分布直方图,如图10-5所示. 图10?5 讲解 说明 引领 分析 仔细 分析 关键 语句 观察 理解 记忆 带领 学生 分析 25
这是本节课的重点。让同学们将∠aob对折,再折出一个直角三角形(使第一条折痕为斜边),然后展开,请同学们观察并思考:后折叠的二条折痕的交点在什么地方?这两条折痕与角的两边有什么位置关系?这两条折痕在数量上有什么关系?这时有的同学会说:“角的平分线上的点到角的两边的距离相等”.即得到了角平分线的性质定理的猜想。接着我会让同学们理论证明,并转化为符号语言,注意分清题设和结论。有的同学会用全等三角形的判定定理aas证明,从而证明了猜想得到了角平分线的性质定理。
1、方程的定义1)像这种用等号“=”来表示相等关系的式子,叫等式。(老师给出定义。)2)请大家观察左边的这些式子,看看它们有什么共同的特征?(老师提出问题。)3)列方程时,要先设字母表示未知数,然后根据问题中的相等关系,写出含有未知数的等式叫做方程。(学生思考后,老师给出新学内容方程的定义。)4)判断方程的两个关键要素: ①有未知数 ②是等式(老师提问,并给出。)
1、问题1的设计基于学生已有的一元一次方程的知识,学生独立思考问题,同学会考虑到题中涉及到等量关系,从中抽象出一元一次方程模型;同学可能想不到用方程的方法解决,可以由组长带领进行讨论探究.2、问题2的设计为了引出二元一次方程,但由于同学的知识有限,可能有个别同学会设两个未知数,列出二元一次方程;如果没有生列二元一次方程,教师可引导学生分析题目中有两个未知量,我们可设两个未知数列方程,再次从中抽象出方程模型.根据方程特点让生给方程起名,提高学生学习兴趣.3、定义的归纳,先请同学们观察所列的方程,找出它们的共同点,并用自己的语言描述,组内交流看法;如果学生概括的不完善,请其他同学补充. 交流完善给出定义,教师规范定义.