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抛物线的简单几何性质（1）教学设计人教A版高中数学选择性必修第一册
问题导学类比用方程研究椭圆双曲线几何性质的过程与方法，y2 = 2px (p＞0)你认为应研究抛物线的哪些几何性质，如何研究这些性质？1. 范围抛物线 y2 = 2px (p＞0) 在 y 轴的右侧，开口向右，这条抛物线上的任意一点M 的坐标 (x, y) 的横坐标满足不等式 x ≥ 0；当x 的值增大时，|y| 也增大，这说明抛物线向右上方和右下方无限延伸．抛物线是无界曲线．2. 对称性观察图象，不难发现，抛物线 y2 = 2px (p＞0)关于 x 轴对称，我们把抛物线的对称轴叫做抛物线的轴．抛物线只有一条对称轴． 3. 顶点抛物线和它轴的交点叫做抛物线的顶点.抛物线的顶点坐标是坐标原点 (0, 0) ．4. 离心率抛物线上的点M 到焦点的距离和它到准线的距离的比，叫做抛物线的离心率. 用 e 表示，e = 1．探究如果抛物线的标准方程是〖 y〗^2=-2px(p>0), ②〖 x〗^2=2py(p>0), ③〖 x〗^2=-2py(p>0), ④
抛物线的简单几何性质（2）教学设计人教A版高中数学选择性必修第一册
二、直线与抛物线的位置关系设直线l:y=kx+m,抛物线:y2=2px(p>0),将直线方程与抛物线方程联立整理成关于x的方程k2x2+2(km-p)x+m2=0.(1)若k≠0,当Δ>0时,直线与抛物线相交,有两个交点;当Δ=0时,直线与抛物线相切,有一个切点;当Δ<0时,直线与抛物线相离,没有公共点.(2)若k=0,直线与抛物线有一个交点,此时直线平行于抛物线的对称轴或与对称轴重合.因此直线与抛物线有一个公共点是直线与抛物线相切的必要不充分条件.二、典例解析例5.过抛物线焦点F的直线交抛物线于A、B两点，通过点A和抛物线顶点的直线交抛物线的准线于点D，求证：直线DB平行于抛物线的对称轴．【分析】设抛物线的标准方程为：y2＝2px（p＞0）．设A（x1，y1），B（x2，y2）．直线OA的方程为： ＝ ＝ ，可得yD＝ ．设直线AB的方程为：my＝x﹣ ，与抛物线的方程联立化为y2﹣2pm﹣p2＝0，
双曲线的简单几何性质（2）教学设计人教A版高中数学选择性必修第一册
二、典例解析例4．如图，双曲线型冷却塔的外形，是双曲线的一部分，已知塔的总高度为137.5m，塔顶直径为90m，塔的最小直径(喉部直径)为60m，喉部标高112.5m，试建立适当的坐标系，求出此双曲线的标准方程（精确到1m）解:设双曲线的标准方程为 ，如图所示：为喉部直径，故 ，故双曲线方程为 .而 的横坐标为塔顶直径的一半即 ，其纵坐标为塔的总高度与喉部标高的差即 ，故 ，故 ，所以 ，故双曲线方程为 .例5．已知点 到定点 的距离和它到定直线l: 的距离的比是 ，则点 的轨迹方程为?解：设点 ，由题知, ，即 .整理得： .请你将例5与椭圆一节中的例6比较，你有什么发现？例6、 过双曲线 的右焦点F2,倾斜角为30度的直线交双曲线于A,B两点,求|AB|.分析:求弦长问题有两种方法:法一:如果交点坐标易求,可直接用两点间距离公式代入求弦长;法二:但有时为了简化计算,常设而不求,运用韦达定理来处理.解：由双曲线的方程得，两焦点分别为F1(-3,0),F2(3,0).因为直线AB的倾斜角是30°，且直线经过右焦点F2，所以，直线AB的方程为
双曲线的简单几何性质（1）教学设计人教A版高中数学选择性必修第一册
问题导学类比椭圆几何性质的研究，你认为应该研究双曲线x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1 (a>0，b>0)，的哪些几何性质，如何研究这些性质1、范围利用双曲线的方程求出它的范围，由方程x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1可得x^2/a^2 =1+y^2/b^2 ≥1 于是，双曲线上点的坐标（ x ， y ）都适合不等式，x^2/a^2 ≥1，y∈R所以x≥a 或x≤-a; y∈R2、对称性 x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1 (a>0，b>0)，关于x轴、y轴和原点都是对称。x轴、y轴是双曲线的对称轴，原点是对称中心，又叫做双曲线的中心。3、顶点（1）双曲线与对称轴的交点，叫做双曲线的顶点 .顶点是A_1 （-a,0）、A_2 （a,0），只有两个。（2）如图，线段A_1 A_2 叫做双曲线的实轴，它的长为2a,a叫做实半轴长；线段B_1 B_2 叫做双曲线的虚轴，它的长为2b,b叫做双曲线的虚半轴长。（3）实轴与虚轴等长的双曲线叫等轴双曲线4、渐近线（1）双曲线x^2/a^2 -y^2/b^2 =1 (a>0，b>0)，的渐近线方程为：y=±b/a x（2）利用渐近线可以较准确的画出双曲线的草图
用空间向量研究距离、夹角问题（1）教学设计人教A版高中数学选择性必修第一册
二、探究新知一、点到直线的距离、两条平行直线之间的距离1.点到直线的距离已知直线l的单位方向向量为μ,A是直线l上的定点,P是直线l外一点.设(AP) ?=a,则向量(AP) ?在直线l上的投影向量(AQ) ?=(a·μ)μ.点P到直线l的距离为PQ=√(a^2 "-(" a"·" μ")" ^2 ).2.两条平行直线之间的距离求两条平行直线l,m之间的距离,可在其中一条直线l上任取一点P,则两条平行直线间的距离就等于点P到直线m的距离.点睛：点到直线的距离,即点到直线的垂线段的长度,由于直线与直线外一点确定一个平面,所以空间点到直线的距离问题可转化为空间某一个平面内点到直线的距离问题.1.已知正方体ABCD-A1B1C1D1的棱长为2,E,F分别是C1C,D1A1的中点,则点A到直线EF的距离为 . 答案: √174/6解析:如图,以点D为原点,DA,DC,DD1所在直线分别为x轴、y轴、z轴建立空间直角坐标系,则A(2,0,0),E(0,2,1),F(1,0,2),(EF) ?=(1,-2,1),
人教A版高中数学必修二有限样本空间与随机事件事件的关系和运算教学设计
新知讲授（一）——随机试验 我们把对随机现象的实现和对它的观察称为随机试验，简称试验，常用字母E表示。我们通常研究以下特点的随机试验：（1）试验可以在相同条件下重复进行；（2）试验的所有可能结果是明确可知的，并且不止一个；（3）每次试验总是恰好出现这些可能结果中的一个，但事先不确定出现哪个结果。新知讲授（二）——样本空间思考一：体育彩票摇奖时，将10个质地和大小完全相同、分别标号0，1，2，...，9的球放入摇奖器中，经过充分搅拌后摇出一个球，观察这个球的号码。这个随机试验共有多少个可能结果？如何表示这些结果？根据球的号码，共有10种可能结果。如果用m表示“摇出的球的号码为m”这一结果，那么所有可能结果可用集合表示{0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7，8，9}.我们把随机试验E的每个可能的基本结果称为样本点，全体样本点的集合称为试验E的样本空间。
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 4 Reading and thinking教学设计
【词汇精讲】highlight n.最好或最精彩的部分 vt.突出;强调;使醒目One of the highlights of the trip was seeing the Taj Mahal.这次旅行的亮点之一是参观泰姬陵。Your resume should highlight your skills and achievements.你的简历应该突出你的技能和成就。The report highlights the major problems facing society today.报告强调了当今社会所面临的主要问题。I’ve highlighted the important passages in yellow.我用黄色标出了重要段落。7.Edmonton is freezing cold in winter,with daily temperatures averaging -10 ℃.埃德蒙顿冬季寒冷,日平均气温为-10°C。【词汇精讲】freezing adj.极冷的;冰冻的Leave a basin of water outside in freezing weather.在冰冻的天气里,放一盆水在室外。It’s freezing cold outside so wear a warm coat.外面超冷的,所以穿一个暖和一点的外套吧。8.It was not until 9:30 a.m.that they finally reached the capital of Ontario,Toronto.直到上午9时30分,他们才终于到达多伦多的首府安大略省。【句式剖析】本句是一个强调句,强调的是句子的时间状语until 9:30。含有not...until...的句子的强调句为It is not until...that...,that后面的句子要用肯定形式。It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier than I was.直到那时我才突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 2 Learning about Language教学设计
The activity theme of this section is to design various activities around the key words in the first text. Therefore, the activities require students to pay attention to the spelling of words. On the other hand, let students grasp the meaning of words more accurately through sentences and short texts. This kind of teaching design also helps to improve the ability of using English thinking.1. Cultivating students' ability to use word formation to induce and memorize vocabulary, and the ability to use lexical chunks to express meaning.2. Guide the students to think independently and use the correct form of words to complete sentences3. Cultivate students' habit of using lexical chunks to express language completely, guide students to draw words in sentences quickly, pay attention to word collocation, so as to accumulate more authentic expressions4. Instruct students to create sentences with the chunks.1. Enable students to use the language points in the real situation or specific contexts flexibly and appropriately.2. Guiding the Ss to use unit topic words and the sentence patterns in a richer context.Step1: Think of a word that best fits each definition.1. to remember sth2.to accept, admit, or recognize sth or the truth/existence of sth3. the process of changing sth or yourself to suit a new situation4 .to make sb feel less worried or unhappy5. a strong desire to achieve sth
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 5 Reading for writing教学设计
你校英语报计划出版一期急救常识专刊,现面向全校学生公开征集稿件,你有意参加。请你根据下面提示内容,用英语写一篇短文,介绍在车祸现场对伤者进行急救的方法和步骤。1.确保现场的安全;2.询问伤者,确保其呼吸正常;3.检查伤口,如流血则应采取止血措施;4.如需急救,确保其处于康复位置。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:康复位置 recovery positionAs we all know, having a knowledge of first aid can make a great difference in our daily life. If a traffic accident happens and someone is injured, the following steps can be used to treat the injured.In the first place, we should make sure that the accident scene is safe so that we won’t get hurt. We should ask the injured person if he is OK, and see if he is breathing. What’s more, we should check for cuts and wounds. If he is bleeding badly, it is vital that we should try to stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the injury. This is because if a person loses too much blood, he may die. If necessary, take the injured person to the hospital as soon as possible.Do remember: when giving first aid, please be sure to place the person in a recovery position.
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 2 Reading and thinking教学设计
Her tutor told her to acknowledge __________ other people had said if she cited their ideas, and advised her _______（read） lots of information in order to form __________wise opinion of her own.Now halfway __________ her exchange year, Xie Lei felt much more at home in the UK. She said __________ (engage) in British culture had helped and that she had been__________ (involve) in social activities. She also said while learning about business, she was acting as a cultural messenger __________（build） a bridge between the two countries. keys:Xie Lei, a 19yearold Chinese student, said goodbye to her family and friends in China and boarded (board) a plane for London six months ago in order to get a business qualification. She was ambitious(ambition) to set up a business after graduation. It was the first time that she had left (leave) home.At first, Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country. She chose to live with a host family, who can help with her adaptation (adapt) to the new culture. When she missed home, she felt comforted (comfort) to have a second family. Also Xie Lei had to satisfy academic requirements. Her tutor told her to acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, and advised her to read lots of information in order to form a wise opinion of her own.Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei felt much more at home in the UK. She said engaging (engage) in British culture had helped and that she had been involved (involve) in social activities. She also said while learning about business, she was acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between the two countries.
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 2 Reading for writing教学设计
The theme of this section is to express people's views on studying abroad. With the continuous development of Chinese economic construction, especially the general improvement of people's living standards, the number of Chinese students studying abroad at their own expense is on the rise. Many students and parents turn their attention to the world and regard studying abroad as an effective way to improve their quality, broaden their horizons and master the world's advanced scientific knowledge, which is very important for the fever of going abroad. Studying abroad is also an important decision made by a family for their children. Therefore, it is of great social significance to discuss this issue. The theme of this section is the column discussion in the newspaper: the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad. The discourse is about two parents' contribution letters on this issue. They respectively express their own positions. One thinks that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages, and the other thinks that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. The two parents' arguments are well founded and logical. It is worth noting that the two authors do not express their views on studying abroad from an individual point of view, but from a national or even global point of view. These two articles have the characteristics of both letters and argumentative essays1.Guide the students to read these two articles, and understand the author's point of view and argument ideas2.Help the students to summarize the structure and writing methods of argumentative writing, and guides students to correctly understand the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad3.Cultivate students' ability to analyze problems objectively, comprehensively and deeply
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 2 Using langauge-Listening教学设计
? B: Absolutely! Getting involved with Chinese cultural activities there definitely helped a lot. I got to practice my Chinese on a daily basis, and I could learn how native Chinese speakers spoke.? A: What do you feel is your biggest achievement?? B: Learning Chinese characters! I have learnt about 1,500 so far. When I first started, I didn't think it was even going to be possible to learn so many, but now I find that I can read signs, menus, and even some easy newspaper articles.? A: What are you most keen on?? B: I've really become keen on learning more about the Chinese culture, in particular Chinese calligraphy. As I have learnt Chinese characters, I have developed a great appreciation for their meaning. I want to explore Chinese characters by learning how to write them in a more beautiful way. ? A: Finally, what do you want to say to anyone interested in learning Chinese?? I have really become keen on learning more about the Chinese culture, in particular Chinese Calligraphy. As I have learnt Chinese character, I have developed a great appreciation for their meaning. I want to explore Chinese characters by learning how to write them in a more beautiful way.? A: Finally, what do you want to say to anyone interested in learning Chinese?? B: I'd say, give it a shot! While some aspects may be difficult, it is quite rewarding and you will be happy that you tried.? A: Thanks for your time. ? B:You're welcome.
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 4 Learning about Language教学设计
This section guides students to pay attention to the typical context of vocabulary use, helps students accumulate vocabulary around the key vocabulary of this unit, and uses the learned words and word chunks in different contexts to deeply understand their meaning and usage, so as to achieve the purpose of review and consolidation.The teaching design activities aim to guide students to pay attention to the typical context in which the target vocabulary is used, as well as the common vocabulary used in collocation, so that students can complete the sentence with correct words. In terms of vocabulary learning strategies, this unit focuses on cultivating students' ability to pay attention to collocation of words and to use word blocks to express meaning.For vocabulary learning, it is not enough just to know the meaning of a single word, but the most important thing is to master the common collocations of words, namely word blocks.Teachers should timely guide students to summarize common vocabulary collocation, such as verb and noun collocation, verb and preposition collocation, preposition and noun collocation, and so on.1. Guide students to understand and consolidate the meaning and usage of the vocabulary in the context, 2. Guide the students to use the unit topic vocabulary in a richer context3. Let the students sort out and accumulate the accumulated vocabulary, establishes the semantic connection between the vocabulary,4. Enable students to understand and master the vocabulary more effectivelyGuiding the Ss to use unit topic words and the sentence patterns in a richer context.
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 4 Reading for writing教学设计
假定你是英国的Jack，打算来中国旅行，请你给你的中国笔友李华写一封信，要点如下：1．你的旅行计划：北京→泰山→杭州；2．征求建议并询问他是否愿意充当你的导游。注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：故宫 the Forbidden City；泰山 Mount TaiDear Li Hua，I'm glad to tell you that 'm going to visit China.First，I am planning to visit Beijing，the capitalof China，where I am looking forward to enjoying the Great Wall，the Forbidden City and somebeautiful parks.Then I intend to go to visit Mount Tai in Shandong Province.I've heard that it is one ofthe most famous mountains in China and I can't wait to enjoy the amazing sunrise there.After that，I amalso going to Hangzhou.It is said that it is a beautiful modern city with breathtaking natural sights，among which the West Lake is a well- known tourist attraction.What do you think of my travel plan? Will you act as my guide? Hope to hear from you soon.
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 4 Using langauge-Listening教学设计
The theme of the listening section is " talking about scenery and culture along a journey."The part is designed to further lead the students to understand Canadian natural geography and social environment, and integrated into the cultural contrast by mentioning the long train journey from Beijing to Moscow routes. On this basis, the part activates students related travel experience, lets the student serial dialogue, guides the student to explore further the pleasure and meaning of the long journey, and Chinese and foreign cultural comparison.The part also provides a framework for the continuation of the dialogue, which is designed to provide a framework for students to successfully complete their oral expressions, and to incorporate an important trading strategy to end the dialogue naturally.1. Help students to understand and master some common English idioms in the context, and experience the expression effect of English idioms.2. Guide the students to understand the identity of different people in the listening context, and finish the dialogue according to their own experience.3. Instruct the students to use appropriate language to express surprise and curiosity about space and place in the dialogue, and master the oral strategy of ending the dialogue naturally.1. Instruct students to grasp the key information and important details of the dialogue.2. Instruct students to conduct a similar talk on the relevant topic.
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 5 Reading and thinking教学设计
The theme of this activity is to learn the first aid knowledge of burns. Burns is common in life, but there are some misunderstandings in manual treatment. This activity provides students with correct first aid methods, so as not to take them for granted in an emergency. This section guides students to analyze the causes of scald and help students avoid such things. From the perspective of text structure and collaborative features, the text is expository. Expository, with explanation as the main way of expression, transmits knowledge and information to readers by analyzing concepts and elaborating examples. This text arranges the information in logical order, clearly presents three parts of the content through the subtitle, accurately describes the causes, types, characteristics and first aid measures of burns, and some paragraphs use topic sentences to summarize the main idea, and the level is very clear.1. Guide students to understand the causes, types, characteristics and first aid methods of burns, through reading2. Enhance students’ ability to deal withburnss and their awareness of burns prevention3. Enable students to improve the ability to judge the types of texts accurately and to master the characteristics and writing techniques of expository texts.Guide students to understand the causes, types, characteristics and first aid methods of burns, through readingStep1: Lead in by discussing the related topic:1. What first-aid techniques do you know of ?CPR; mouth to mouth artificial respiration; the Heimlich Manoeuvre
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 5 Using langauge-Listening教学设计
The theme of this section is to learn how to make emergency calls. Students should learn how to make emergency calls not only in China, but also in foreign countries in English, so that they can be prepared for future situations outside the home.The emergency telephone number is a vital hotline, which should be the most clear, rapid and effective communication with the acute operator.This section helps students to understand the emergency calls in some countries and the precautions for making emergency calls. Through the study of this section, students can accumulate common expressions and sentence patterns in this context. 1.Help students accumulate emergency telephone numbers in different countries and learn more about first aid2.Guide the students to understand the contents and instructions of the telephone, grasp the characteristics of the emergency telephone and the requirements of the emergency telephone.3.Guide students to understand the first aid instructions of the operators.4.Enable Ss to make simulated emergency calls with their partners in the language they have learned1. Instruct students to grasp the key information and important details of the dialogue.2. Instruct students to conduct a similar talk on the relevant topic.Step1:Look and discuss:Match the pictures below to the medical emergencies, and then discuss the questions in groups.
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 5 Learning about Language教学设计
The purpose of this section of vocabulary exercises is to consolidate the key words in the first part of the reading text, let the students write the words according to the English definition, and focus on the detection of the meaning and spelling of the new words. The teaching design includes use English definition to explain words, which is conducive to improving students' interest in vocabulary learning, cultivating their sense of English language and thinking in English, and making students willing to use this method to better grasp the meaning of words, expand their vocabulary, and improve their ability of vocabulary application. Besides, the design offers more context including sentences and short passage for students to practice words flexibly.1. Guide students to understand and consolidate the meaning and usage of the vocabulary in the context, 2. Guide the students to use the unit topic vocabulary in a richer context3. Let the students sort out and accumulate the accumulated vocabulary, establishes the semantic connection between the vocabulary,4. Enable students to understand and master the vocabulary more effectivelyGuiding the Ss to use unit topic words and the sentence patterns in a richer context.Step1: Read the passage about chemical burns and fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
北师大初中数学九年级上册一元二次方程的解及其估算1教案
方法总结：(1)利用列表法估算一元二次方程根的取值范围的步骤是：首先列表，利用未知数的取值，根据一元二次方程的一般形式ax2＋bx＋c＝0(a，b，c为常数，a≠0)分别计算ax2＋bx＋c的值，在表中找到使ax2＋bx＋c可能等于0的未知数的大致取值范围，然后再进一步在这个范围内取值，逐步缩小范围，直到所要求的精确度为止．(2)在估计一元二次方程根的取值范围时，当ax2＋bx＋c(a≠0)的值由正变负或由负变正时，x的取值范围很重要，因为只有在这个范围内，才能存在使ax2＋bx＋c＝0成立的x的值，即方程的根．三、板书设计一元二次方程的解的估算，采用“夹逼法”：(1)先根据实际问题确定其解的大致范围；(2)再通过列表，具体计算，进行两边“夹逼”，逐步获得其近似解．“估算”在求解实际生活中一些较为复杂的方程时应用广泛．在本节课中让学生体会用“夹逼”的思想解决一元二次方程的解或近似解的方法．教学设计上，强调自主学习，注重合作交流，在探究过程中获得数学活动的经验，提高探究、发现和创新的能力.
北师大初中数学九年级上册一元二次方程的解及其估算2教案
探索1：上节我们列出了与地毯的花边宽度有关的方程。地毯花边的宽x(m)，满足方程 (8―2x)(5―2x)=18也就是：2x2―13x+11=0你能估算出地毯花边的宽度x吗？（1）x可能小于0吗？说说你的理由；_____________________________.（2）x可能大于4吗？可能大于2.5吗？为什么？（3）完成下表x 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.52x2-13x+11 （4）你知道地毯花边的宽x(m)是多少吗？还有其他求解方法吗？与同伴交流。探索2：梯子底端滑动的距离x(m)满足方程(x+6)2+72=102，也就是x2+12x―15=0（1）你能猜出滑动距离x(m)的大致范围吗？（2）x的整数部分是_____？十分位是_______？x 0 x2+12x-15 所以 ___<x<___进一步计算x x2+12x-15 所以 ___<x<___因此x 的整数部分是___,十分位是___.三、当堂训练：完成课本34页随堂练习四、学习体会：五、课后作业