二、君主专制的演进(即中央政治制度的演变)通过地方政治制度演变的学习,掌握方法以后,以学生归纳整理基本线索为主,教师适当点拨,注意纠错。1. 汉承秦制,又有所变化。教师点拨强调继承与发展两个方面。创设情景:同学们看了电视连续剧《汉武大帝》后,知道汉武帝刘彻在继位之后,就急于对西汉王朝的政治制度进行改革。那么,西汉初期中央政治制度的基本框架是怎样的呢?汉武帝为什么要对它进行改革呢?改革后的西汉中央集权制度又是怎样的呢?请大家议一议,想一想。主干知识:西汉初期的中央政治制度的最大特点是“汉承秦制”。具体表现在两个方面:一是继续实行皇帝制度,维护皇权,这一做法也为后来各王朝所沿用;二是在中央设立三公,分别掌管行政、监察和军事。到汉武帝时,“中朝”成为西汉重要的中央决策机构,尚书令的权力日益重要,以丞相为首的三公九卿的权力被削弱,演化为执行机构。到了东汉光武帝时,进一步剥夺三公权限,扩大尚书的权力。
高三最后一次国旗下讲话稿老师们,同学们,本次升旗仪式是我们2008级高中生活的最后一次升旗仪式,因为,再过15天的时间,我们章丘四中的1237名优秀学子讲迈入高考的考场,迎接人生经历中非常重要的一次挑战和考验。随后,你们也将要背起行囊,和与你朝夕相伴三年的同学、老师话别,离开母校,启程远航。此时此刻,我怀着非常激动的心情,代表级部、学校和老师向在场的全体同学送上几句话:三年前,我们相聚在一起,共同学习、生活和成长,一路走来,虽然经历了许多的困难、挫折和坎坷,但也收获了不少的欢乐、友情和成功。
尊敬的老师、同学:今天是我们高三学生三年高中生活的最后一天,而我很荣幸能够作为代表同大家分享我们的感受。现在我们站在操场上,回首度过的三年,每个人都会有属于自己的回忆。我们曾以为那些我们一遍又一遍重复的而我们已习以为常的东西是永恒的,以为三年是一个漫长的过程,但当毕业日到来,才发现它原来转瞬即逝,而我们不曾注意的生活中的每一个小细节又显得弥足珍贵。这座校园并不大,但它承载的回忆却充实;对别人也许它什么都不是,但对我们,它却是整个世界。高三最后一次国旗下讲话稿。三年,四中改变了我们。我时常会想,我们在四中改变了什么。我记得我们经常抱怨现在脚下的操场地面不透水,每次下雨后很久才能进行体育活动,但恐怕我们不会意识到,正是因为这个缘故,我们流下的每一滴汗水都已经与地面融为一体,永远地留在了这淡绿色之中。
活动要求: 1、使幼儿了解安全使用电器得粗浅知识。 2、培养幼儿的安全意识。 活动过程: 1、请幼儿找一找教室中的电源插座或插头在什么地方? 2、讨论:幼儿园班级里的插座为什么都要安装得这么高?(让幼儿知道电插头、电源插座都是很危险的东西,如果手碰到插孔内,人就会触电,会有生命危险。) 3、请幼儿看教师拿插头时手的姿势和抓的位置,让幼儿知道插孔里有电,插头上的小铜片能把电通过电线传给录音机,所以手不能碰到铜片,更不能把手伸插孔内。
教师出示相关校园安全知识。(1)食品安全a. 不到没有卫生许可证的小摊贩处购买食品,选择新鲜和安全的食物;注意查看食品的保质期限、配方等安全信息。b. 养成良好的卫生习惯,饭前洗手。 c. 彻底洗净蔬果;不吃霉变的食物;不吃生食;尽量不吃剩菜剩饭。d. 保持健康的饮食习惯,不把饮料当水喝,不吃烧烤、油炸、烟熏及膨化食品,注意三餐定时定量。(2)人身安全 a.有序进出教室,上下楼梯靠右行,不拥挤或互相推搡。 b.在校园追跑打闹。不爬学校的围墙,门窗、围栏、树木、球架。 c.课外活动和体育锻炼,要按有关安全规则进行。在往返家校的路上,要注意交通安全,行路要严格遵守交通规则。 d.不得携带管制刀具,违禁物品进校园。(3)消防安全 a.不携带易燃、易爆、有毒物品等进入校园。 b.若插座、照明灯、电风扇等电器发生故障,不得私自动手排除,应报告教师或总务处,由学校电工进行故障排除。
1、书中还有许多描写旺达的片段,哪一处给你留下了深刻的印象呢?请同座位互相交流。全班交流。老师也想和大家一起分享一点感受。老师读第13页片段,并谈感受。课件出示:孤单,被嘲笑者2、你有过被人嘲笑的经历吗?谈一谈。旺达是怎样面对同学们的嘲笑?3、转学之后,十三班的同学们收到了她爸爸的来信。谁愿意读读这封信?圣诞节来临之际,旺达也写来一封信。学生读。读完这两封信,大家肯定感慨万千,一定有很多话想说吧?全班交流课件出示:善良 宽容
教学目标:1.充分认识安全工作的重要意义;2.在学习和生活中注意人生安全、饮食安全、交通安全等;3.进行预防灾害,预防突发事件的教育。教学过程:1.导入:列举出生活中的安全事例。2.安全工作的重要性a 公路上、公共场所的安全事故时有发生,是因为有的人安全意识不强。b 班级举例:学校发生的事故及后果。c 目前学校抓的几项工作。小学生应该注意安全的地方:1.学生讨论。2.集体归纳。(1)人身安全,在校园内或公路上不追逐打闹,不爬围墙,不爬树,不接近有电等危险地点,劳动时,注意安全,不与社会上不三不四的人交往,课外不玩火,不玩水。(2)交通安全,在公路上不追逐打闹,自觉遵守交通规则,交叉路口要注意行人车辆,通过公路要做到一停二看三通过。
学习过程:一、自主预习课本P175——186的内容,独立完成课后练习1、2、3、4、5后,与小组同学交流(课前完成)二、回顾课本,思考下列问题:1.SAS定理的内容2.ASA定理的内容3.SSS定理的内容4.几何证明的过程的步骤
1、学习7的分合,知道7分成两份有6种分法,尝试记录其结果。2、在观察和探索操作活动中,知道按序分合不易漏掉数字。3、会用语言讲述操作过程。活动准备:1、教具:人手一个小盘子,7个雪花插片,数字卡片1--7。2、学具:幼儿用书、铅笔。活动过程:1、集体活动。(1)复习"碰球"游戏。 教师出示数字卡片5,与幼儿共同玩"碰球"游戏。 教师:嘿、嘿,我的2球碰几球? 幼儿答:嘿、嘿,你的2球碰3球。 教师可以变换数字卡片,与集体、小组、个别幼儿玩,也可以请个别幼儿上来出示卡片带领大家玩碰球游戏。(2)学习7的组成。①引导幼儿报出盘子中雪花插片的总数,并将自己盘子中的雪花插片分成两份,鼓励幼儿尝试多种分法。每当幼儿说出一种分法,教师就记录下来,直至幼儿讲完所有的分法。
2、引导幼儿观察两个部分数之间的互补关系。3、启发幼儿运用呼唤的方式省略相关的几组分合式。重点:学习8的组成难点:引导幼儿观察两个部分数之间的互补关系活动过程:一、集体活动复习7的组成---碰球今天我们来碰球,我的球和你们的球合起来是7。
1、 学习按序将9分成不同的两份,感知9的分合。2、 继续感知两个部分数之间的互补关系。活动准备: 教具:9朵大小、颜色不同的话,数字,分合号。学具:幼儿操作材料。重点、难点分析: 重点:引导幼儿学习按序将9分成不同的两份,感知9的分合 难点:在上一节课的基础上继续感知两个部分数之间的互补关系
重点领域:语言 科学 美术 活动方式:集体 小组 幼儿情况分析: 我们大班11月份的新的主题《童话世界》又开始了,主题里的分题——巨人先生搬家记,让小朋友领略了童话世界里和船上巨人的家,也让我们感受到这里的居住环境,小朋友非常有兴趣,为了让他们了解世界上更多民族人们的居住环境及房屋的建构特点,为此,我设计了这次爱朗主题活动。 活动目标: 1、让幼儿欣赏世界各地6种有特色的房屋建筑,知道不同的文化、气候与房屋的关系;让幼儿观察我们居住的房屋和有特色房屋的异同; 2、培养幼儿观察的细致的能力; 3、培养幼儿对不同民族房屋的浓厚兴趣; 活动重点: 让幼儿欣赏世界各地6种有特色的房屋建筑,知道不同的文化、气候与房屋的关系;
2、发展幼儿的观察力和绘画表现能力。3、加深幼儿对老师的热爱之情。二、活动准备:1、请配班老师配合上课。2、带花边的纸或一次性纸餐盘若干、彩笔。三、活动过程:1、引出教师节,导入活动,引起幼儿兴趣。教师:小朋友,我们班上有几位老师?你们怎样称呼她们?明天就是教师节了,今天我们给老师画张像,画好后,送给老师好不好?
全班齐读第五段内容。请一位同学分析,接着让这位同学按他分析的读一遍。3、4两自然段的平缓之后,第5段作者的情感再次抬升。为了满足这种情感的张扬,作一口气连用了四个排比句式“现在是……时候”,一方面这是情感发泄的需要,另一方面这种排山倒海的语势也加强了内容的表达,极强地突出了现实为自由、平等而战的重要性。四、学会演讲我们刚才细读了课文,但读和讲是有区别的。所谓演讲,是一门语言艺术,它的主要形式是“讲”,即运用有声语言并追求言辞的表现力和声音的感染力;同时还要辅之以“演”,即运用面部表情、手势动作、身体姿态乃至一切可以理解的态势语言,使讲话“艺术化”起来,从而产生一种非凡的艺术魅力。那么,接下来就假设一下假如你是马丁·路德·金,你会怎样去讲这篇演讲辞。
一、导入新课年纪稍大的中国人应还记得,1968年春,"文革"还正如火如荼之际,毛泽东发表了一篇"五二O声明",全国各地为此举行了由上级组织的大规模游行。很多人应还记得,事情同马丁·路德·金被刺杀有关,而这位马丁·路德·金,乃是著名的美国黑人民权运动领袖。事过多年之后,我却发现,不少人居然把这位诺贝尔和平奖得主,同四百多年前那位德国宗教改革领袖马丁·路德相混淆,而对他的主要主张"非暴力抵抗",更是懵然无知!1956年,在26岁的马丁·路德·金第一次领导黑人市民,抵制蒙哥马利市公共汽车公司的种族隔离制度时,他就举起了"非暴力抵抗"的旗帜。他号召久被歧视的黑人群众说:"我们要抵抗,因为自由从来不靠恩赐获得。有权有势的欺压者从不会自动把自由奉献给受压者。……权利和机会,必须通过一些人的牺牲和受难才能得到。"但是,"仇恨产生仇恨,暴力产生暴力……我们要用爱的力量,去对付恨的势力。我们的目标,绝不是击败或羞辱白人,正相反,我们要赢得他们的友谊和理解。"
The activity topic of this section is "report an ongoing event", and the structure is the passive voice of present continuous tense. Rare wild animals are suffering from large-scale poaching, and species are on the brink of danger. Rescue operations are underway. "Being" and "suffering" are the meanings of the present progressive passive voice.The usage of present progressive passive voice is of great importance in writing a good discourse and appreciating some difficult language items, so it is vital to master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Motivate Ss to deepen the understanding of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a fixed context.2. Enable Ss to master the usage of present progressive passive voice and use it flexibly in a context.3. Lead Ss to construct sentences or appreciate sentences used master it and use it flexibly in a context.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the usage of present progressive passive voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper usage of present progressive passive voice.Look at the picture and tell me what are workers doing? What is the house being done?
The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted
1. 标题首先根据海报的特点、格式写明标题。海报中往往把内容作为大标题。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海报其正文部分的侧重点不同。对于介绍性的海报, 首先要引出话题, 其次列出原因, 最后是总结。对于宣传类的海报, 要写明具体内容, 如: 活动内容, 地点以及参加活动的注意事项, 主持或举办单位等。1. 图片: 要选择引人注目的图片, 与主题要相关, 色彩明亮。话题句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我国的国宝。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上仅现存几千只熊猫。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因为人类的活动, 老虎处于濒危的状态。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生动物面临着灭绝的危险。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施来保护它们。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人们应该提高保护野生动物的意识。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃惊, 目前中国仅有不足1 000只江豚。
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.(肯定句)他已被挑选出来参加运动会。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.(否定句)墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “ask about online habits”. Many middle school students have been surfing the Internet for many years, but what they do with the Internet and how much time they spend every day may not be very clear to themselves, nor to other students. This section allows students to investigate their peers' Internet use, which is conducive to their mutual understanding and understanding of the Internet. It can also help them reflect on their own online behavior, learn from other people's good online habits, and get rid of their bad online behavior.The listening text of this section is an investigation interview. The investigators interview specific groups with the same questions to obtain information, so as to understand their views, practices or attitudes on this issue. There are two specific questions: “how much time do you spend online every day? What do you usually do online?”. The answers of the three respondents provide rich and different information, and achieve the purpose of the investigators. The oral discourse structure of survey interviews generally includes greeting and explaining the purpose of the interview, presenting the interview questions and the respondents' answers. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of “choosing the right application ". Listening text is a conversation between Laura and Xiao Bo. In this part of listening, “oink”; “piggy bank” may cause the students' hearing comprehension limitation. Oink refers to sound word and pig's sound. So, add some oink to my piggy bank is often used to describe "making a little money".1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of listening for definitions.2. Cultivate students' ability to define words and understand an investigation interview.