⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
2. 您能看到, 我头发太长了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 无论什么时候, 只要您想回来就回来。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您仅有很少的头发要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 为您服务是我的荣幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
1.观察(1)如图,在阳光下观察直立于地面的旗杆AB及它在地面影子BC,旗杆所在直线与影子所在直线的位置关系是什么?(2)随着时间的变化,影子BC的位置在不断的变化,旗杆所在直线AB与其影子B’C’所在直线是否保持垂直?经观察我们知道AB与BC永远垂直,也就是AB垂直于地面上所有过点B的直线。而不过点B的直线在地面内总是能找到过点B的直线与之平行。因此AB与地面上所有直线均垂直。一般地,如果一条直线与一个平面α内所有直线均垂直,我们就说l垂直α,记作l⊥α。2.定义:①文字叙述:如果直线l与平面α内的所有 直线都垂直,就说直线l与平面α互相垂直,记作l⊥α.直线l叫做平面α的垂线,平面α叫做直线l的垂面.直线与平面垂直时,它们唯一的公共点P叫做交点.②图形语言:如图.画直线l与平面α垂直时,通常把直线画成与表示平面的平行四边形的一边垂直.
本节内容是复数的三角表示,是复数与三角函数的结合,是对复数的拓展延伸,这样更有利于我们对复数的研究。1.数学抽象:利用复数的三角形式解决实际问题;2.逻辑推理:通过课堂探究逐步培养学生的逻辑思维能力;3.数学建模:掌握复数的三角形式;4.直观想象:利用复数三角形式解决一系列实际问题;5.数学运算:能够正确运用复数三角形式计算复数的乘法、除法;6.数据分析:通过经历提出问题—推导过程—得出结论—例题讲解—练习巩固的过程,让学生认识到数学知识的逻辑性和严密性。复数的三角形式、复数三角形式乘法、除法法则及其几何意义旧知导入:问题一:你还记得复数的几何意义吗?问题二:我们知道,向量也可以由它的大小和方向唯一确定,那么能否借助向量的大小和方向这两个要素来表示复数呢?如何表示?
6. 例二:如图,AB是⊙O的直径,PA垂直于⊙O所在的平面,C是圆周上的一点,且PA=AC,求二面角P-BC-A的大小. 解:由已知PA⊥平面ABC,BC在平面ABC内∴PA⊥BC∵AB是⊙O的直径,且点C在圆周上,∴AC⊥BC又∵PA∩AC=A,PA,AC在平面PAC内,∴BC⊥平面PAC又PC在平面PAC内,∴PC⊥BC又∵BC是二面角P-BC-A的棱,∴∠PCA是二面角P-BC-A的平面角由PA=AC知△PAC是等腰直角三角形∴∠PCA=45°,即二面角P-BC-A的大小是45°7.面面垂直定义一般地,两个平面相交,如果它们所成的二面角是直二面角,就说这两个平面互相垂直,平面α与β垂直,记作α⊥β8. 探究:建筑工人在砌墙时,常用铅锤来检测所砌的墙面与地面是否垂直,如果系有铅锤的细绳紧贴墙面,工人师傅被认为墙面垂直于地面,否则他就认为墙面不垂直于地面,这种方法说明了什么道理?
新知讲授(一)——古典概型 对随机事件发生可能性大小的度量(数值)称为事件的概率。我们将具有以上两个特征的试验称为古典概型试验,其数学模型称为古典概率模型,简称古典概型。即具有以下两个特征:1、有限性:样本空间的样本点只有有限个;2、等可能性:每个样本点发生的可能性相等。思考一:下面的随机试验是不是古典概型?(1)一个班级中有18名男生、22名女生。采用抽签的方式,从中随机选择一名学生,事件A=“抽到男生”(2)抛掷一枚质地均匀的硬币3次,事件B=“恰好一次正面朝上”(1)班级中共有40名学生,从中选择一名学生,即样本点是有限个;因为是随机选取的,所以选到每个学生的可能性都相等,因此这是一个古典概型。
1.直观图:表示空间几何图形的平面图形,叫做空间图形的直观图直观图往往与立体图形的真实形状不完全相同,直观图通常是在平行投影下得到的平面图形2.给出直观图的画法斜二侧画法观察:矩形窗户在阳光照射下留在地面上的影子是什么形状?眺望远处成块的农田,矩形的农田在我们眼里又是什么形状呢?3. 给出斜二测具体步骤(1)在已知图形中取互相垂直的X轴Y轴,两轴相交于O,画直观图时,把他们画成对应的X'轴与Y'轴,两轴交于O'。且使∠X'O'Y'=45°(或135°)。他们确定的平面表示水平面。(2)已知图形中平行于X轴或y轴的线段,在直观图中分别画成平行于X'轴或y'轴的线段。(3)已知图形中平行于X轴的线段,在直观图中保持原长度不变,平行于Y轴的线段,在直观图中长度为原来一半。4.对斜二测方法进行举例:对于平面多边形,我们常用斜二测画法画出他们的直观图。如图 A'B'C'D'就是利用斜二测画出的水平放置的正方形ABCD的直观图。其中横向线段A'B'=AB,C'D'=CD;纵向线段A'D'=1/2AD,B'C'=1/2BC;∠D'A'B'=45°,这与我们的直观观察是一致的。5.例一:用斜二测画法画水平放置的六边形的直观图(1)在六边形ABCDEF中,取AD所在直线为X轴,对称轴MN所在直线为Y轴,两轴交于O',使∠X'oy'=45°(2)以o'为中心,在X'上取A'D'=AD,在y'轴上取M'N'=½MN。以点N为中心,画B'C'平行于X'轴,并且等于BC;再以M'为中心,画E'F'平行于X‘轴并且等于EF。 (3)连接A'B',C'D',E'F',F'A',并擦去辅助线x轴y轴,便获得正六边形ABCDEF水平放置的直观图A'B'C'D'E'F' 6. 平面图形的斜二测画法(1)建两个坐标系,注意斜坐标系夹角为45°或135°;(2)与坐标轴平行或重合的线段保持平行或重合;(3)水平线段等长,竖直线段减半;(4)整理.简言之:“横不变,竖减半,平行、重合不改变。”
问题导入:问题一:试验1:分别抛掷两枚质地均匀的硬币,A=“第一枚硬币正面朝上”,B=“第二枚硬币正面朝上”。事件A的发生是否影响事件B的概率?因为两枚硬币分别抛掷,第一枚硬币的抛掷结果与第二枚硬币的抛掷结果互相不受影响,所以事件A发生与否不影响事件B发生的概率。问题二:计算试验1中的P(A),P(B),P(AB),你有什么发现?在该试验中,用1表示硬币“正面朝上”,用0表示“反面朝上”,则样本空间Ω={(1,1),(1,0),(0,1),(0,0)},包含4个等可能的样本点。而A={(1,1),(1,0)},B={(1,0),(0,0)}所以AB={(1,0)}由古典概率模型概率计算公式,得P(A)=P(B)=0.5,P(AB)=0.25, 于是 P(AB)=P(A)P(B)积事件AB的概率恰好等于事件A、B概率的乘积。问题三:试验2:一个袋子中装有标号分别是1,2,3,4的4个球,除标号外没有其他差异。
1.圆柱、圆锥、圆台的表面积与多面体的表面积一样,圆柱、圆锥、圆台的表面积也是围成它的各个面的面积和。利用圆柱、圆锥、圆台的展开图如图,可以得到它们的表面积公式:2.思考1:圆柱、圆锥、圆台的表面积之间有什么关系?你能用圆柱、圆锥、圆台的结构特征来解释这种关系吗?3.练习一圆柱的一个底面积是S,侧面展开图是一个正方体,那么这个圆柱的侧面积是( )A 4πS B 2πS C πS D 4.练习二:如图所示,在边长为4的正三角形ABC中,E,F分别是AB,AC的中点,D为BC的中点,H,G分别是BD,CD的中点,若将正三角形ABC绕AD旋转180°,求阴影部分形成的几何体的表面积.5. 圆柱、圆锥、圆台的体积对于柱体、锥体、台体的体积公式的认识(1)等底、等高的两个柱体的体积相同.(2)等底、等高的圆锥和圆柱的体积之间的关系可以通过实验得出,等底、等高的圆柱的体积是圆锥的体积的3倍.
新知探究:向量的减法运算定义问题四:你能根据实数的减法运算定义向量的减法运算吗?由两个向量和的定义已知 即任意向量与其相反向量的和是零向量。求两个向量差的运算叫做向量的减法。我们看到,向量的减法可以转化为向量的加法来进行:减去一个向量相当于加上这个向量的相反向量。即新知探究(二):向量减法的作图方法知识探究(三):向量减法的几何意义问题六:根据问题五,思考一下向量减法的几何意义是什么?问题七:非零共线向量怎样做减法运算? 问题八:非零共线向量怎样做减法运算?1.共线同向2.共线反向小试牛刀判一判(正确的打“√”,错误的打“×”)(1)两个向量的差仍是一个向量。 (√ )(2)向量的减法实质上是向量的加法的逆运算. ( √ )(3)向量a与向量b的差与向量b与向量a的差互为相反向量。 ( √ )(4)相反向量是共线向量。 ( √ )
6.例二:如图在正方体ABCD-A’B’C’D’中,O’为底面A’B’C’D’的中心,求证:AO’⊥BD 证明:如图,连接B’D’,∵ABCD-A’B’C’D’是正方体∴BB’//DD’,BB’=DD’∴四边形BB’DD’是平行四边形∴B’D’//BD∴直线AO’与B’D’所成角即为直线AO’与BD所成角连接AB’,AD’易证AB’=AD’又O’为底面A’B’C’D’的中心∴O’为B’D’的中点∴AO’⊥B’D’,AO’⊥BD7.例三如图所示,四面体A-BCD中,E,F分别是AB,CD的中点.若BD,AC所成的角为60°,且BD=AC=2.求EF的长度.解:取BC中点O,连接OE,OF,如图。∵E,F分别是AB,CD的中点,∴OE//AC且OE=1/2AC,OF//AC且OF=1/2BD,∴OE与OF所成的锐角就是AC与BD所成的角∵BD,AC所成角为60°,∴∠EOF=60°或120°∵BD=AC=2,∴OE=OF=1当∠EOF=60°时,EF=OE=OF=1,当∠EOF=120°时,取EF的中点M,连接OM,则OM⊥EF,且∠EOM=60°∴EM= ,∴EF=2EM=
9.例二:如图,AB∩α=B,A?α, ?a.直线AB与a具有怎样的位置关系?为什么?解:直线AB与a是异面直线。理由如下:若直线AB与a不是异面直线,则它们相交或平行,设它们确定的平面为β,则B∈β, 由于经过点B与直线a有且仅有一个平面α,因此平面平面α与β重合,从而 , 进而A∈α,这与A?α矛盾。所以直线AB与a是异面直线。补充说明:例二告诉我们一种判断异面直线的方法:与一个平面相交的直线和这个平面内不经过交点的直线是异面直线。10. 例3 已知a,b,c是三条直线,如果a与b是异面直线,b与c是异面直线,那么a与c有怎样的位置关系?并画图说明.解: 直线a与直线c的位置关系可以是平行、相交、异面.如图(1)(2)(3).总结:判定两条直线是异面直线的方法(1)定义法:由定义判断两条直线不可能在同一平面内.
1.探究:根据基本事实的推论2,3,过两条平行直线或两条相交直线,有且只有一个平面,由此可以想到,如果一个平面内有两条相交或平行直线都与另一个平面平行,是否就能使这两个平面平行?如图(1),a和b分别是矩形硬纸板的两条对边所在直线,它们都和桌面平行,那么硬纸板和桌面平行吗?如图(2),c和d分别是三角尺相邻两边所在直线,它们都和桌面平行,那么三角尺与桌面平行吗?2.如果一个平面内有两条平行直线与另一个平面平行,这两个平面不一定平行。我们借助长方体模型来说明。如图,在平面A’ADD’内画一条与AA’平行的直线EF,显然AA’与EF都平行于平面DD’CC’,但这两条平行直线所在平面AA’DD’与平面DD’CC’相交。3.如果一个平面内有两条相交直线与另一个平面平行,这两个平面是平行的,如图,平面ABCD内两条相交直线A’C’,B’D’平行。
1.观察(1)如图,在阳光下观察直立于地面的旗杆AB及它在地面影子BC,旗杆所在直线与影子所在直线的位置关系是什么?(2)随着时间的变化,影子BC的位置在不断的变化,旗杆所在直线AB与其影子B’C’所在直线是否保持垂直?经观察我们知道AB与BC永远垂直,也就是AB垂直于地面上所有过点B的直线。而不过点B的直线在地面内总是能找到过点B的直线与之平行。因此AB与地面上所有直线均垂直。一般地,如果一条直线与一个平面α内所有直线均垂直,我们就说l垂直α,记作l⊥α。2.定义:①文字叙述:如果直线l与平面α内的所有 直线都垂直,就说直线l与平面α互相垂直,记作l⊥α.直线l叫做平面α的垂线,平面α叫做直线l的垂面.直线与平面垂直时,它们唯一的公共点P叫做交点.②图形语言:如图.画直线l与平面α垂直时,通常把直线画成与表示平面的平行四边形的一边垂直.③符号语言:任意a?α,都有l⊥a?l⊥α.
2学情分析一年级的学生,虽然经过了一学期学习但好习惯还没养成,课上易失去注意力等。因此我在教学中要关注学生的注意力,抓住学生的兴趣点加以引导、启发,说易懂的语言,练学生易学的方法,让学生在宽松融洽的气氛快乐的学习。a教学重点教学重点:以最简单的方式让学生了解图案的基本构成特点。学时难点把握个人创作与集体合作的关系。
2学情分析一年级学生对美术的兴趣很高,对五颜六色的物体特别感兴趣,孩子们课前做的准备很好。3重点难点1.节日里烟花的画法。2.油画棒和水彩颜料相结合的涂色技巧。教学活动活动1【活动】教案第5课五彩的烟花
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.