⑴各种收入是什么意思?请举例说明;⑵什么叫税率?你能写出税率的公式吗?(税率=应纳税款÷各种收入×100%)3、介绍,纳税比率。税率的高低由国家统一规定,国家规定下面的一般纳税率是:⑴增值税13%或者17%⑵营业税务3%至20%(行业不同,标准不等,如交通行业5%,娱乐行业20%)⑶消费税务3%到50%不等。⑷个人所得税5%到45%不等。[意图:理解税种是教学中的难点,为此,采取适当分层,多举实例,观察思考,讨论交流,介绍说明等方法,让学生了解在现实生活中纳税的种类,为例题的教学做好铺垫。]活动三:学习纳税算法。1、出示例题:一家饭店十月份的营业额约是30万元。如果按营业额的5%缴纳营业税,这个饭店十月份应缴纳营业税约多少万元?2、读题理解:①按营业额5%缴纳营业税这句话你是怎样理解的?②如何列式计算?3、试做汇报:学生独立试尝试计算后,指名回答,教师板书:30×5%=1.5(万元)4、反馈练习:
教学难点:理解整数除以分数的计算方法;二、说教法和学法为了突出重点,分散难点,让学生积极主动地参与到知识形成的过程中来。教学中采用分步探究,分步实施的原则。把整数除以分数的计算方法分两步进行探究。1.整数除以几分之一的计算方法;2.整数除以几分之几的计算方法;这样做,可以使学生通过自己的努力,小组合作交流,发现整数除以分数的计算方法。数学教学不仅是让学生获得数学的基础知识,还要教给学生学习知识的方法。培养学生的能力,发展学生的智力。教学中,让学生观察,分析,讨论引导学生寻找方法。再通过发现总结运用法则巩固知识内容。通过调动学生的积极性,不仅使学生学会了,而且会学了,会用了。从而也形成了一套良好学习方法,增强能力发展智力。
3、整理数据,确定思路。在此认知基础上,紧接着引申出进一步研究的问题“各条跑道的起跑线应该相差多少米?”这个问题很难通过观察得到,需要学生收集相关数据,具体分析起跑线的位置与什么有关。使学生在汇报的过程中自然的发现:要确定跑道的起跑线,只要算出每相邻两条跑道的长度差就可以了。有的学生说,由于跑道的直道长度是相同的,所以算出弯道的长度差就可以了。在这里,教师或学生还可就图片说明半圆形跑道的直径是如何规定的,也就是里圆的直径加上两个跑道的宽度,以及跑道线的宽在这里忽略不计等问题向其它学生作一具体说明。在些环节,让学生进行观察,让他们自己发现规律,培养他们抽象概括能力和语言表达能力,在这个环节中教师要灵活的驾驽课堂,及时的抓住课堂中新生成的问题,使问题得以提升,把课堂推向了高潮.
三、巩固练习,拓展应用练习是学生领悟知识,形成技能,发展智力的重要手段,我遵循“由浅入深,循序渐进”的原则设计了以下不同层次的练习。1、基本练习自主练习第1题填一填,借助直观图,巩固分数乘法的意义和计算方法。2、提高练习自主练习2、4题。本题的设计,目的是使学生除了掌握基本的数学知识和技能外,初步学会从数学的角度去观察事物、思考问题,同时,也让学生感受到生活中处处有数学,从而激发对数学的兴趣,以及学好数学的愿望。四、课堂小结,升华认识引导学生回忆总结:这节课你们都知道了些什么?你有哪些收获?这节课你表现得怎样?等等,这样的小结有利于学生巩固本节课的重点,获得成功的体验,激发学习的热情。五、板书设计:简单明了,能系统地反映出本课的重、难点。有利于学生形成一定的知识网络。都起到了“画龙点睛”的作用。
学生的学习活动是一个生动活泼而富有个性的过程,为了把学生探索的阵地从课堂延伸到课外,引导学生主动地应用所学的知识和方法解决实际问题。我又设计了以下练习题:1、脑筋乐园:学校田径运动会即将举行,你有办法帮学校在操场上画出一个半径为50米的圆吗?2、(1)应用圆的知识解释下列现象,并写出来。为什么井盖也得做成圆形的?人们在围观的时,为什么会自然地围成圆形?(2)搜集有关圆的资料。贴到教室的数学角上,大家共享。3、画出各种大小、不同颜色的圆,组合出一幅美丽的图画。(设计意图)将学生探索的阵地从课堂延伸到课外,引导学生主动地应用所学知识和方法解决实际问题。(我认为把本句提前,这里删去,这样显得更连贯)(五)全课总结1、让学生谈收获,进行自我评价。2、我对整节课进行知识要点归纳和对学生学习情况进行评价。(这样总结,我注重学生的自我评价,自我体验和个性发展。即学生情感的体验和收获)(我认为蓝色字那句可删去)
1.叫一名学生在班里走动,站在一名学生的后面。 2.教师举起一张本单元的单词图片。先正确地说出这个单词第一个字母的读音的学生坐下,另一名学生继续在班里走动,继续活动。 板书设计 :My friends 黑板上方:上课前打好的四线三格,在课堂上随讲随写的字母Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz 黑板下方: 教案点评: 本课时主要学习字母Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz及相关单词。因为本课时将结束字母的学习,因此在热身、复习环节,有必要先进行字母Aa-Vv的听写。然后出示字母卡、单词卡让学生认读字母和复习单词。呈现新课环节,教师可将字母教学放到单词中进行。在教学过程 中,教师结合图片或实物逐个进行字母和单词的教学,可辅以字母课件进行教学,便于学生更好的领会和掌握。教师要注意侧重字母的书写教学,使学生养成正确的书写习惯。两个小游戏“Bingo”和“Listen and show”帮助学生在趣味活动中巩固了所学的全部字母。扩展性活动的设计目的在于复习本单元的单词。
教师问:Can you spell these words? 如有学生能够拼出单词,教师要给与表扬并说:那让我们来看一看他拼的对不对,然后出示单词卡。如没有学生拼出单词,教师说:我们学习单词不仅要会说还要会写,今天我们就来学习几个单词的拼写,看谁学得快。然后出示单词卡。 让学生看单词卡拼读单词。 教师让学生看单词回答:How many letters in this word?学生回答后,让他们背着拼出单词。 教师让学生在四线三格中默写字母b, o, k, r, l, e, p, n, c, I, a,教师教学生在四线三格中书写单词。告诉学生首先要把每个字母书写正确,然后按照单词的拼写把字母写在一起,注意单词的每个字母间要有一点距离。教师在教写ruler和pencil-case时, 注意小写u和s还没有学习书写,让学生照着板书写就可以了。 让学生照板书抄字头,然后每个单词写一行。 (三)趣味操练(Practice)
Part two1. Teaching AimsMaster the 26 letters.Master the pronunciation of the letters.2. Teaching Aidsa tape-recorder, some cards, some papers and so on.3. Important pointsThe pronunciation of the letters4. Teaching steps1) Greetings and revisionLet some groups act out the dialogue in the last lesson.2) New contentsLet them say out the 26 letters and let some ones say them out.Then listen and learn the letters song.First, give them some minutes and let them read the letters. Let’s see whether there is anyone who can learn anything in them. Then give them some information and let them read again. At last, give them the answer and read again.Let them remember it.PracticeShow the cards where are written the math patterns and let some answer it. Then ask “Who can read it in English?” Let some one read it. Others follow him.Next, show the cards and ask others answer them. T asks and S answers. Then S asks and S answers. Practice in pairs.HomeworkMaster the letters.Teaching notesPart three1. Teaching AimsIntroduce self and others using the words and phrases.Let’s play.2. Teaching Aidsa tape-recorder, some cards3. Important pointsShe has…She likes…I have…4. Teaching stepsGreetings and revisionLet some one read the letters and divide them by the pronunciations.
教学目标:(1)知识目标:1.能够听、说、认读句子:Let's read, Let's make ,listen,write,match and say 中的句子。2.能够听懂 Listen and write 部分的录音并正确填写句子。(2)能力目标:通过教学,使学生能够了解英语请柬的内容并会模仿书写英语请柬。(3)情感目标:培养师生之间和同学之间的友谊与情感,积极鼓励学生展现才能。三、说教学重点:1.能够听、说、认读句子:"We're going to have a farewell party . How do you feel? I feel …."四、说教学难点:Is every having a good time?五、说教法:1. 教法设计本节课中,在教学过程中注意发挥学生的主动积极性,给学生一个轻松愉快的语言学习氛围,让学习过程充满乐趣,同时使他们感受到一定的挑战,满足他们的成就感,使思维始终处于积极状态。2. 学法指导重视多元智能教学原理、合作学习法和任务型语言学习法等应用,充分调动学生的感觉器官,想象能力,激发学生积极参与课堂教学活动。
Teaching Goal:1. General aims:Talk about recent past events2. Particular aims:A. Language Focus.Talk about recent past events and think of the past events.B. Language goalsHow was….?It was …What did …do over the weekend?C. Language structures:(1). How was your weekend? I was great. Pay attention to no form.(2). What did you do over the weekend? I played soccer. We went to the beach.D. Useful words and phrases:Words: was, did, went, beach, over, project, test, wasn’t, false, number, geography, spend, week, most, mixture, their, had, little, cook, read, saw, change, everyone, sit, sat, no, anythingPhrases: did one’s homework, played soccer, cleaned my room, went to the beach, played tennis, went to the movies, on Saturday morning, over the weekend, cook … for, what about, do some reading, have a party, talk show, go shoppingE. Grammar language:Present simple past tenseRegular and irregular verbsF. Learning strategies:Tour and holidaysG. Interdiscipinary:H. Emotion and manner:Teaching time: 5 periodsTeaching procedures:Period One教学步骤、时间 教师活动 学生活动 媒体应用Step 1Free talk 3’ Ask some questions like:Who’s on duty today?What’s the weather like? Answer and talk about something.让同学们回答下列问题1. Do you like weekend? (Let some students answer)It takes them three minutes to talk about the question.2. Why do you like weekend? (let the students answer) Most of the students like the weekend此时教师用汉语问:“在周末期间问你干了什么?这句话用英语这么回答?Let the students guess.At last the teacher give them right answer3. What did you do over the weekend?(板书、学习)
Period 2 (3a----Section B 2c)Preview(Pre-task): Key points: What laAdd another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardnguage does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Preview(Pre-task): Add another information about their pen pals----their language on the cardKey points: What language does she/he speak?She/He speaks....Does she/he have any brothers and sisters? Does she/he speak English?Step 1 Revision1.Revisionand dictation of the new words 2.Revise the drills they learned yesterday.(by pairwork and grammar exercise)Step 2 Leading-inT has a conversation with one student. The conversation is following:---Do you have a pen pal?---Yes, I do.---What's your pen pal's name? ---His/Her name is....---Where is your pen pal from? ---He/She is from...---Where does he/she live? ---He/She lives in....---What language does he/she speak?He/She speaks...Write the new words on the Bb. They are following: EnglishChineseJapaneseFrenchStep 3 LearnLearn the new words with the whole class.Finish 3a with the students3b Pairwork T still does an example with one student Then the Ss practise in pairs. The example is following:--Curry Muray is my pen pal. He is from the United States.---What language does he speak?
Don’t fight. =You can’t fight. (板书,教读)教师把这些句子板书在黑板上,并请学生大声整齐地读祈使句和“can’t”句型,并让学生注意两种句型表达形式的不同和转换,“Don’t …=You can’t…”;并对学生说:These are our school rules. (板书,教读) You can’t break the school rules. Don’t break the school rules.(板书,教读)步骤3 :Practicea. T: Now, each of the students is breaking one of these rules.Please finish 1a.学生看图,完成1a的内容,检查答案并大声朗读校规。b. 听录音,完成1b,选出四位学生都违反了哪条校规;听之前,学生要读会英文名。c. 请两位学生朗读1c部分的句型;要求学生两人一组对话表演,SA扮演外校转来新生,SB告知本校校规。(学生可经过讨论,多说出他们想到的校规,不必只限于书上;教师应给予帮助)2) 第二课时(2a~4)步骤1 :warming up of revisionT: What are the rules at your school?学生使用“can”或祈使句表达各条校规;其中老师可引出“eat in the cafeteria outside”的表达。步骤2 :Practicea.T: Christina is an exchange student. She doesn’t know the rules. Let’s listen, what activities they’re talking about?学生听第一遍时,完成2a;第二遍时,完成2b;b. 请学生领读2c部分,看着2a完成的表格,理解2c活动的要求;分成小组针对2a进行问答;
三、教学建议第一课时:1. Lead in (Vocabulary)A) Before class, teacher should collect some pictures of working places. For example: Bank, TV Station, Restaurant, Police Station, Hospital ...B) In class, show students the pictures (PowerPoint, OHP). Ask students to tell the name of the working places and the name of the jobs.Shop assistant, doctor, actor, reporter, police office, waiter, bank clerk, studentC) Do exercise 1a and 3a.2. Bingo GameAsk groups of students to make up pairs of cards with a job on one and the related workplace on the other. For example, waiter / restaurant, teacher / school, doctor / hospital. Encourage students to use both the job / workplace combinations in the book and the ones that students came up during class discussions. Be sure they have twice as many sets of cards as there are students in the group. They can make two sets of cards for a single job / workplace, if necessary. Then have each group mix up its set of cards and hand their cards out in random order. Each time a student gets a pair of cards that match, he or she can lay these cards down. The goal is to have no cards in your hand at the end.3. Task OneA) Ask students to work in pairs and ask the partner what does he / she want to be in the future.e. g. :What do you / does he / does she want to be?I want to be a.Why?Because it's (adj).B) Vocabulary: Section B, 1a4. Homework 1.2.
1 Each group choose one place to describe and what you are doing in it Choose one place, and describe what they are doing 2 Move around the room and give suggestions Talk about it and write it down 3 Ask one to show their works and act it Choose one of each group to make a report 4 Evaluate the best group and the best reporter Choose the best one Homework Ask your friends their ideal place and write about it教学反思:新课程标准中强调学生在课堂中的主体地位,在综合课中他们的主体地位就更加突出。在各个活动中给不同程度的学生不同层次的任务,让各层面的学生都有表现发挥的机会,从而产生对英语的兴趣。使用照片图片多媒体来辅助教学,效果更好。同时让了解其他国家风景,风俗的同学介绍ideal place,增加学生的背景知知识,实现跨学科交流的目的。教案点评:采用任务型教学模式,在各个活动中给不同程度的学生不同层次的任务,让各层面的学生都有表现发挥的机会,从而产生对英语的兴趣。使用照片图片多媒体来辅助教学,效果更好。让了解其他国家风景,风俗的同学介绍ideal place,增加学生的背景知识,实现跨学科交流的目的。
单元整体说明(一)单元教材分析本单元的核心话题是描述动物和表达个人喜好,以及句式why do you like…? Because…。这也是本单元的教学重点。通过本单元的学习,学生应能较流利地运用所学词汇和句型描述动物,表达个人喜好。(二)单元知识结构1.词汇动物名称 tiger, elephant, koala, dolphin, etc.词汇描述性形容词: smart, cute, ugly, clever, shy, etc.国家名: Australia, South Africa2.句型Why do you like koala hears? Because they are cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(三)单元整体目标1.Master the vocabulary2.Master and use: Why do you like koalas? Because they am cute.Where are pandas from? They're from China.What animals do you like? I like dolphins.(四)单元教学重难点一览(五)单元学情分析学生此前已经学过由why, where, what 引导的特殊疑问句句型,具有了学习本单元知识的认知前提。形形色色的动物能激发学生的好奇心,产生了解它们的欲望,这有利于本单元知识的教学和学生学习兴趣的培养。
[活动一]导入:利用多媒体课件展示一些电影海报,从漂亮的海报引入今天所要学习的新单词。师生活动:师问:What kind of movies are they?引出单词:comedy thriller action movie documentary[设计意图]通过多媒体给学生以直观感受,熟悉的海报画面使学生兴趣大增,激发求知欲,顺利进入新课。[活动二](1)演示《三枪》海报师问:What kind of movies is it? What’s his name?Yes,he’s Xiao Shenyang.Do you like him?....Do you know his English name?结论:I guess it’s a comedy.[设计意图]从大家喜爱的喜剧名星入手,让学生辨认电影类型,鲜亮的海报色彩,夸张的人物造型,使课堂气氛大增。[活动三]师生活动:Match these pictures with the mew words.[设计意图]运用所学英语单词,说出这些电影的类型。活动中充分运用, Do you want to go to this movies?这个一般疑问句,为下面小组活动打基础。[活动四]1b师生活动:Please listen and circle the kinds of movies you hear.[活动五]1c结对活动:看例子,让学生依照例子两人一组做下面的对话。Sample:A:Do you want to go to a movie?B:Yes,I do,I want to see a comedy.[设计意图]充分练习此对话,熟练掌握want to do 句型,句子中多让学生使用第三人称,正确掌握语法知识。
该活动是为了加深学生对字母顺序的记忆。并在此同时学唱字母歌。要求活动前准备好火车头图案一个及字母歌磁带。在学生唱字母歌的同时,教师播放磁带。Arrive at the palace.( 进宫)到站了,字母客人经过一条由三张课桌垒成的地道后,来到一块写有“请过字母认读关”的牌前,一名交通警(由教师或学生扮演)出示字母卡片,让其逐个认读1—3个字母。凡认读过了关的到指定地点排好队。不能正确认读的经指导认读正确后去指定地点,准备上宾馆。该活动旨在训练字母的认读和发音。要求事先准备一块 “请过字母认读关”的标牌。Go to ABC Hotel. (上宾馆)已进城上宾馆的客人须在ABC Hotel(字母宾馆)内按编号拿取房门钥匙方可入内。这时带头饰大写A卡者拿取小写a卡,带头饰大写B卡者拿取小写b卡,其他人均寻找并取走相应的小写字母卡。
2、学习策略:(1)通过Disscussing, Classifying and Guessing等形式多样的活动,促使学生运用认知策略进行有效地学习。(2)在与同学合作完成任务的活动中主动探究和学习语言;并运用知识内在规律帮助记忆、巩固知识。三、课时结构为了能较好地 实现既定的教学目标,结合本单元教学内容和学生的学习规律,将本单元授课时定为四课时。Period 1 Section A 1a /1b /1c /2a /2b.Period 2 Section A 2c /3 /4 .Period 3 Section B 1a /1b /2a /2b /2c /3a /3b /3c /4a/4b.Period 4 Summing up Sections A and Band the grammar.四、教学过程设计Period One(第一课时)一、教学目标1.知识目标:1)单词:do, don’t, does, doesn’t, strawberries, like, have, hamburgers, orange, tomatoes,ice-cream,broccoli,salad,French fries, bananas.2)句型:Do you like bananas?Yes, I do. \ No, I don’t.2.能力目标:通过学习本课,学生能够用英语互相讨论喜欢与不喜欢的食品。3.情感目标:讨论美食,享受生活美味,提倡健康合理膳食。二、教学重点:掌握关于食物的词汇。三、教学难点:学会使用交际用语Do you like bananas?Yes,I do.\ No, I don’t.四、教学设计:Step1.通过让学生猜冰箱里有哪些食物的形式,导出新的单词。同时让全体学生拼读每个单词、让个别学生将单词写到黑板上。
1. First, ... then, ... next, ... finally, ...首先,……然后,……接着,……最后,……这是英语中表达做某事的步骤的一种说法。如果步骤较多,还可以说:first-next-after that-later on-finally/at last通常你会听到说英语国家的人在说 first, next, then, finally 和后面的内容时,他们会做一些停顿。这样就能提前告诉听者接下来讲的是一系列的步骤。这一点在朗读和听力中应特别注意。2. how many, how much均为疑问词,同是“多少”,但用法不同。请看:how many修饰可数名词复数,how much修饰不可数名词。但在用法上,同学们常犯如下错误:1) [误] How many are there bananas on the table?[正] How many bananas are there on the table?[析] how many, how much 中的many,much是形容词,常修饰名词作定语,故后面跟名词。2) [误]How much tea are there on the table?[正]How much tea is there on the table?[析] how much修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。how many与how much的区别可简记为:前how many:问“多少”,复数名词后面跑;how much问“多少”,不可数名词单数好。前者答语用基数词,后者答语用数量关系。
“Go for it!” is based on “Task-Based Language Teaching”. It adheres to “The authenticity principle”, “The form-function principle”, “The task dependency principle” and “The principle of learning by doing”. These principles all accord with the demands of curriculum focus.In and of Grade Seven (II), “Go for it!”, students have learned “The Simple Past Tense”. And it appears again in of Grade Eight (I). teaches students more about how to talk about events in the past. In addition, it gives affirmative and negative statements in the past tense, such as the sentence patterns “Did you see …?” “Were there …?” “Did you go …?” As the first part of Unit 8, Section A opens with a picture presenting the last school trip in the aquarium and continues with several step-by-step practice activities, which are all good for students to master “The Simple Past Tense”. Doing well in Section A will help students integrate the new target language with that in Section B. Thus, they can describe the events in the past freely and foster their own ability of reflecting and practicing. II. Teaching ObjectivesTeaching objective is the beginning and aim of teaching activities. According to the overall goal of the English elementary course--- improve students' synthetic ability of language application, which should be based on the development of students’ “Language knowledge”, “Language skills”, “Character building”, “Learning strategies” and “Cross-cultural awareness”. The teaching objectives are described as follows(I). Knowledge objectivesi. Master the simple past tense of regular and irregular verbsii. Recite the new words and expressions about the last school trip in the aquarium, including their pronunciation and intonation