Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.报纸报道说有一百多人在暴风雨中丧生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时,以及by、before后面接过去的时间时,主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10岁前就已经被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生产了好几吨大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引导的定语从句中,主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虚拟语气中,条件句表示与过去事实相反,且主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一点得到他的指示,我早就完成这项任务了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快点的话,我就不会误了火车。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚会,你就会见到他的。
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2.动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动词ing②名词所有格+动词ing③代词宾格+动词ing④名词+动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗?无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了,他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
温故知新 1.离散型随机变量的定义可能取值为有限个或可以一一列举的随机变量,我们称为离散型随机变量.通常用大写英文字母表示随机变量,例如X,Y,Z;用小写英文字母表示随机变量的取值,例如x,y,z.随机变量的特点: 试验之前可以判断其可能出现的所有值,在试验之前不可能确定取何值;可以用数字表示2、随机变量的分类①离散型随机变量:X的取值可一、一列出;②连续型随机变量:X可以取某个区间内的一切值随机变量将随机事件的结果数量化.3、古典概型:①试验中所有可能出现的基本事件只有有限个;②每个基本事件出现的可能性相等。二、探究新知探究1.抛掷一枚骰子,所得的点数X有哪些值?取每个值的概率是多少? 因为X取值范围是{1,2,3,4,5,6}而且"P(X=m)"=1/6,m=1,2,3,4,5,6.因此X分布列如下表所示
【课时安排】 1课时【教学过程】1.回顾梳理、归纳总结。师:我们学过哪些立体图形?生:长方体、正方体、圆柱体、圆锥体师:它们分别有哪些特征?师生共同总结立体图形的特征。 课件演示:长方体的特征:6个面是长方形(特殊情况有两个对面是正方形)相对的面完全相同;12条棱,相对的4条棱长度相等;8个顶点。正方体的特征:6个面都相等,都是正方形;12条棱都相等;8个顶点。圆柱的特征:上下两个面是完全相同的圆形,侧面是一个曲面,沿高展开一般是个长方形。上下一样粗;有无数条高,每条高长度都相等。
一、自觉依法纳税(二)我国税收“取之于民,用之于民” 1、税收的含义与基本特征 【学生活动】学生思考后回答。 【教师活动】税收是国家为实现其职能,凭借其政治权力,依法无偿地取得财政收入的基本形式。 【教师活动】税收具有强制性、无偿性和固定性的基本特征。[1]强制性:不管你愿意还是不愿意,都必须交税。[2]无偿性:交了税,没有补偿,更不会返还。[3]固定性:征税是有标准的,不是无止境的,按标准收到一定数量即算完成纳税。 2、税收的性质 【教师活动】展示多媒体图片,观察税收性质是什么? 【学生活动】分析图片,税收的性质。 【教师活动】每个人都与税收紧密地联系在一起,我们天天享受到的公共物品,无不有赖于税收。接受教育要有学校,看病要有医院,出行要有道路,保障国家安全要有国防,防洪、发电要有水利工程,这些都要依靠国家的税收来为公众提供公共服务。 【教师活动】播放国家免费为新冠肺炎患者治疗的视频。 【教师活动】劳动人民是税收的最终受益者,我国的税收是取之于民、用之于民的新型税收。
活动1【导入】谈话引入设计意图:这一环节,是一首小诗来激发学生的离别情感,勾起学生对小学六年生活的美好回忆,从而导入新课。同学们,今天老师给大家带来的不是美丽的图画,而是一首我写的诗,你们谁愿意来第一个来欣赏一下。出示课件1:学生配乐朗读:每到六年级心里就有些难过你们就要离开而我刚刚收获我不知道你们将来会怎样生活你们总说你们永远永远记得我
(设计意图:拨开云雾见天日。在学生自主探究后,利用多媒体教学课件,结合学生的生活实际,动态演示两种计时法的对应关系,充分调动学生多种感官参与学习的过程,提高了学习效率。)2、探究两种计时法的互换方法师问:“同学们看着钟面,能很快找到了两种计时法对应的时间,那没有了钟面,你能发现他们之间互换方法吗?”同学们通过观察发现普通计时法前面都有表示时间的词语,比如上午、下午、晚上,而24时计时法却没有这些;经过思考总结出由普通计时法向24时计时法转化时要去掉表示时间的词语,中午12时之后要加上12,中午12时之前不用加,反之由24时计时法向普通计时法转化时,要加上表示时间的词语,中午12时之后要减去12,中午12时之前不用减。
1.展示海洋鱼类图片,并导入课题。师:夏季炎热的天气已经开始了,老师带来了一份凉爽礼物想送大家,你们猜猜是什么呢?生:……师:想知道吗?这份礼物就是几张美丽的图片,请看大屏幕:在深蓝色的海底世界里,一群可爱的海洋鱼在悠闲地游来游去,好凉快,好舒服呀。喜欢这个礼物吗? 生:…… 师:喜欢呀,老师太高兴了。同学们再来看一看,在这几张漂亮的图片里,除了让我们感受到大海的凉爽和美丽之外,你还发现什么了吗?
2学情分析这是一个学生比较感兴趣的内容,通过学习不仅能提高学生的学习欲望,更希望能根据一句话或者一段话以画画的形式表现出来。3重点难点重点:了解绘画故事的表现特点,感受真、善、美。绘画自编故事的创作特点及步骤。难点:选材、构思设计、构图与绘制。
教学反思:1、引导学生体验抽象除法竖式的过程。学生在学习表内乘除法时,利用乘法口诀已经能够在算式上直接写出得数。教材安排了“18个苹果,每盘放6个,可以放几盘”的“分苹果”活动,列举了四种解决这一问题的方法。在此基础上,引导学生按照自己的想法来分这些苹果,进而再由对除法竖式有一定了解的学生介绍竖式计算,并且把竖式中的每一步所表示的含义和分苹果的活动紧密联系起来。2、在探究中理解除法的试商方法。学生通过实际操作、观察比较,培养学生质疑和创新精神,学会学习、积累数学活动经验的有意义的学习过程。3、不足:这节课上得不够生动、活泼。
参与实践,充分体验1、直观感知,初步认识吨让学生说说自己的体重,请出4个体重大约25千克的同学站在一起。算一算4个学生的体重大约是多少千克。再推算一下40个这样的同学大约重多少千克?讲述:为了简便计算1000千克,我们把1000千克规定为1吨。吨也可以用英文字母“t”表示。2、结合实际,进一步认识吨我们教室里的桌、椅、书本等,你认为用吨做单位合适吗?你认为多少张桌子或者椅子合在一起大约重1吨?学生独立思考;引导学生在小组内展开讨论;小组汇报讨论结果;问:在生活中,你见过哪些物体是用吨做单位的?学生举例。讲述:计量比较重或大宗物品有多重时,通常用吨做单位。练习:1棵白菜重1千克,( )棵白菜重1吨。 1袋大米重100千克,( )袋大米重1吨。 1头奶牛重500千克,( )头奶牛重1吨。 1桶油重200千克,( )桶油重1吨。
精读课文,指导阅读1. 理解课文第1自然段。 (1)教师指名读,思考:这一个自然段讲了什么?(了解枣核出生的原因) (2)齐读第1自然段。2.理解第2~4自然段。 (1)理解:一年又一年,枣核一点儿也不见长,父母忧愁的原因。 (2)默读第2自然段,思考。(要给学生充分的时间读书、思考。为第3、4自然段的学习打下基础。) (3)自读第3~4自然段,回答问题。 ①枣核为什么让父母不用担心? ②枣核能做什么? ③大旱时发生了什么事? ④学生齐读。 ⑤提问:这一部分重点写了哪些方面?3.学习第5~13自然段。 (1)理解:大旱后,县衙门做了什么事?枣核又是怎么做的? (2)学生默读,思考。小组讨论、交流。 (3)全班交流,进一步深入理解。枣核的做法说明了什么?(联系上文,回答问题)而对枣核的决定,大家是怎样的态度?面对别人的不信任,枣核做出了怎样的选择?(板书:不争辩,靠行动说话)
细读课文学生读课文,想想:“漏”指的是什么?学生自读、交流。1. 细读第1~5自然段。 (1)教师指名读,引导学生思考:这几个自然段主要告诉了我们什么? 师:“漏”指的是谁?老婆婆为什么说“什么都不怕,就怕漏”? (2)教师指导朗读。 教师指名试读,学生自由练读,最后集体齐读。2. 学习第6~18自然段。 (1)学生自由读课文,想想这些自然段讲了一个什么故事。 (2)教师指导朗读。学生自由练读,最后集体齐读。 (3)教师指名读选段,让学生说说老虎和贼之间发生了什么,为什么会出现这种情况。3. 学习第19~20自然段。 (1)教师指名读,要求学生思考:这两个自然段告诉了我们一件什么事? (2)天亮了,结果怎么样?(3)教师引导学生感受童话故事,体会其乐趣。
◆观察细致,描述具体。(教学重点) 师:请同学们认真读一读第三自然段,思考:这一段是围绕哪句话来写的? 生1:这个自然段是围绕“缸里的小虾十分有趣”这一句来写的。 师:说得对。那么,作者是怎样描写小虾的有趣的? 生2:作者用“有的……有的……有的……”这样一个排比句写出了小虾在缸里不同的状态。 生3:作者观察了活动的小虾和休息的小虾不同的表现。 师:说得很好。那休息的小虾和活动的小虾有怎样的表现呢? 生1:休息的小虾受到打扰时会很生气。作者观察很细致,用“一张一张、一翘一翘、一突一突”这些词语写出了小虾生气时的表现,很有趣。
教学目标:1、通过观察实物,体会到从不同角度观察物体所看到的形状可能是不同的。2、会辨认简单物体从不同角度观察到的形状,发展空间观念。教学重点:会辨认简单物体从不同角度观察到的形状。教学难点:体会到从不同角度观察到的的形状可能是不同的,发展空间观念。课前准备:实物或图片等教学过程:一、出示玩具汽车,学会观察物体第一步:1、观察玩具汽车,学生分别站在汽车侧面和后面两个不同的方向观察。2、分别把玩具汽车的侧面和后面对着全班,让学生说一说这是谁看到的?3、小结:不同的位置观察同一物时,看到的形状可能是不同的。
一、积极游戏乐活动 教师活动: 1、组织学生进行常规训练。 2、组织学生游戏活动,注意安全。 学生活动: 1、体育委员整队,检查出席人数。 2、指导学习向左转走队列要求。