③于是,大自然出现了惊人的奇迹,不毛的石缝间丛生出倔强的生命。④或者就只是一簇一簇无名的野草,春绿秋黄。岁岁枯荣。它们只有三两片长长的细瘦的薄叶,那细微的叶脉,告知你生存该是多么艰难;更有的。它们就在一簇一簇瘦叶下自己生长出根须,只为了少向母体吮吸一点乳汁,便自去寻找那不易被觉察到的石缝。这就是生命,如果这是一种本能,那么它正说明生命的本能是多么尊贵,生命有权自认为辉煌壮丽,生机竟是这样地不可扼制。⑤或者就是一团一团小小的山花,大多又都是那苦苦的蒲公英。它们不似田野上的同宗长得那样茁壮,它们的茎显得坚韧而苍老。它们的叶因枯萎而失却光泽。它们已经不能再去为人们作佐餐的鲜嫩的野菜,却默默地为攀登山路的人准备了一个可靠的抓手。生命就这样地被环境规定着,又被环境改变着,适者生存的规律尽管无情。但一切适者就是战胜环境的强者。生命现象告诉你,生命就是拼搏。
二、程朱理学:1、宋代“理学”的产生:(1)含义:所谓“理学”,就是用“理学”一词来指明当时两宋时期所呈现出来的儒学。广义的理学,泛指以讨论天道问题为中心的整个哲学思潮,包括各种不同的学派;狭义的理学,专指程颢、程颐、朱熹为代表的,以“理”为最高范畴的学说,称为“程朱理学”。理学是北宋政治、社会、经济发展的理论表现,是中国古代哲学长期发展的结果,是批判佛、道学说的产物。他们把“理”或“天理”视作哲学的最高范畴,认为理无所不在,不生不灭,不仅是世界的本原,也是社会生活的最高准则。在穷理方法上,程颢“主静”,强调“正心诚意”;程颐“主敬”,强调“格物致知”。在人性论上,二程主张“去人欲,存天理”,并深入阐释这一观点使之更加系统化。二程学说的出现,标志着宋代“理学”思想体系的正式形成。【合作探究】宋代“理学”兴起的社会条件:
三、第三阶段。课后感悟与收获1、让学生以“走向学习型社会”为题,将在收集与整理、展示与交流两个环节中获得的体验和感悟,以心得体会的形式写一篇小论文。2、办一期专栏或黑板报,将优秀小论文作集中展示与交流。(进行理论总结,将实践与理论相结合,让科学理论更好地指导实践。充分挖掘学生潜力,增强学生的自信)[评析]新课程理念之一就是政治课不应只局限于课堂上的教与学。把综合探究课与研究性学习相结合,不失为一种有益的尝试。传统的学习方式把学习建立在客观性、受动性、依赖性的基础上,把学生看成一个没有感情的接受容器,这种学习会窒息学生的思维和智力,成为学生发展的障碍。单元探究活动的开展就是要转变学生的学习方式,关注学生的学习过程,使得探究过程成为学生发现问题、提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的过程,培养学生的创新精神和实践能力。本教案的第一阶段充分发挥了学生的主动性。
2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(该动作在说话的瞬间未必正在进行)。Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.(说话时,并不一定正在进行)3.表示一种经常性的被动行为,常和always,constantly 等表示频度的副词连用,这种用法常常带有赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。He is always being praised by the leader.4.表示按计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词所表示的动作(仅限于少数及物动词)。A party is being held tonight.Step 4 Special cases1.像take care of, look after, talk about, think of等动词与介词构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时, 其中的介词不可省略。The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about. 2.可与部分情态动词连用,表示对正在发生的事情的推测。She may be being punished by her mother.3.有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作。A celebration is being held this weekend for his success.4.某些表示“状态、心理活动、存在”等的动词,如have,want,need,love,一般不用现在进行时的被动语态,而常用一般现在时的被动语态。With the population increasing,more land is needed.5.“be+under/in+n.”可表示现在进行时的被动意义。My computer is under repair.=My computer is being repaired.
The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.观察下列句子特点,总结共同点。1.(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.2.(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.3.(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club.4.(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.5.(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.(肯定句)他已被挑选出来参加运动会。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.(否定句)墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。
Q5:What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6:What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.
⑦identity theft 身份盗窃⑧chat room 聊天室⑨draft your blog post 起草博客帖子⑩post embarrassing photos 张贴尴尬照片 【话题句式】 1. How do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 你如何在网上保持安全, 避免在网上的不良经历? 2. I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two. 我不是专家, 但作为一个博主, 我已经学了好几年了。 3. If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. 如果你看到或读到一些让你觉得不舒服的东西, 立即离开这个网站。4. Don’t give out your address or phone number. 别告诉别人你的地址或电话号码。 5. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. 身份盗窃是一个常见而严重的问题。6. Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don’t want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. 上网并不是无礼的借口, 你也不想成为发挑衅帖子的人或网络恶霸的目标。 7. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. 发挑衅帖子的人经常使用几个假名, 这样他们就可以留在一个网站上。8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有礼貌, 你被攻击的可能性就越小。
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:温故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1.(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system.2.(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack,...3.(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge).Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:过去分词作定语时的意义1.及物动词的过去分词作定语,在语态上表示被动;在时间上,常表示动作已经发生或完成,有时也不表示时间性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我们的老师看着我们做实验,最后给了我们一个满意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.会上提出的计划将很快被执行。2.不及物动词的过去分词作定语,它不表示被动意义,只强调动作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.
Features of languages1.Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.该句是一个复合句。该句主句为:the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK;which resulted in the full name we have today为which引导的定语从句代指前面整句话的内容,we have today为定语从句修饰先行词name。译文:最后,在20世纪,爱尔兰南部脱离英国,这导致了我们今天有的英国的全名:大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。2.Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.该句是一个复合句。该句主句为:you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people;其中Almost everywhere you go in the UK为让步状语从句; who took over at different times throughout history为定语从句修饰先行词people。译文:几乎无论你走到英国的任何地方,你都会发现历史上有四种不同的人在不同的时期统治过英国。3.The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.该句是一个复合句。该句主句为:The capital city London is a great place to start; as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.为原因状语从句;dating all the way back to Roman times为现在分词短语作定语修饰history。
Step1:自主探究。1.(教材P52)Born(bear) in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988.2.(教材P52) Moved(move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”3.(教材P56)I was very afraid and I felt so alone and discouraged(discourage).4.(教材P58)Encouraged(encourage) by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience, I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day.Step2:语法要点精析。用法1:过去分词作表语1).过去分词可放在连系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表语,表示主语所处的状态Tom was astonished to see a snake moving across the floor.汤姆很惊讶地看到一条蛇正爬过地板。Finally the baby felt tired of playing with those toys.终于婴儿厌倦了玩那些玩具。注意:1).过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时,强调主语所处的状态;而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。The library is now closed.(状态)图书馆现在关闭了。The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.(动作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。2)感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态,常译作“感到……的”;现在分词多表示事物具有的特性,常译作“令人……的”。
This lesson is about music. Students can classify the types of music through the instruments and its sound and can talk about their preferences about music, even join some activities and play a role in them according to their musical talents. On the basis, they are guided to use the languages to express their preferences and some plosive sounds and their rules.1. Classify the music types through the instruments and its sound.2. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons; talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and the rules.4. Join some activities and play a role in them according to the talents. 1. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons;2. talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and incomplete plosives and its rules.Step 1 Lead inPoint at the pictures on P50 and ask Q1: What are the people doing in the pictures below?Q2: What kind of music they are?Then play the MP3s one by oneStep 2 ListeningTask 1: A reporter from the school newspaper is interviewing students about music. Listen to the interviews. Draw lines between the words to make complete sentences. Some words will not be used.
The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?
(2)Consolidate key vocabulary.Ask the students to complete the exercises of activity 6 by themselves. Then ask them to check the answers with their partners.(The first language:Damage of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire.A second language: Yunnan - one of the most diverse provinces in China).Step 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the more words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences.2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes.3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better.Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否结合文本特点了解文章的结构和作者的写作逻辑;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否了解旧金山的城市风貌、文化特色,以及加利福尼亚州的历史,体会多元文化对美国的影响。
该板块的活动主题是“介绍一个有显著文化特征的地方”( Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity)。该板块通过介绍中国城继续聚焦中国文化。本单元主题图呈现的是旧金山中国城的典型景象, Reading and Thinking部分也提到中国城,为该板块作铺垫。介绍中国城的目的主要是体现中国文化与美国多元文化的关系,它是美国多元文化的重要组成部分。中国城也是海外华人的精神家园和传播中国文化的重要窗口,外国人在中国城能近距离体验中国文化。1. Read the text to understand the cultural characteristics of Chinatown in San Francisco and the relationship between Chinese culture and American multiculturalism;2. Through reading, learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose and writing characteristics;3. Learn to give a comprehensive, accurate, and organized description of the city or town you live in;Learn to revise and evaluate your writing.Importance:1. Guide the students to read the introduction of Chinatown in San Francisco and grasp its writing characteristics;2. Guide students to introduce their city or town in a comprehensive, accurate and organized way;3. Learn to comb the main information of the article, understand the author's writing purpose, and master the core vocabulary.
知识和技能 1、 了解区域工业化和城市化之间的关系,以及它们对区域社会经济发展所起的作用 。2、分析导致珠江三角洲工业化和城市化快速推进的诸多思想束缚,并通过比较,认识到对外开放政策是其中的关键因素。3、 比较珠江三角 洲的 区工业化进程的两个主要阶段,归纳出不同时期的主要发展特点,并能够结合具体案例分析工业化进程对城市化的巨大推动。 4、分析珠江三角洲地区工业化和城市化进程中的问题,并尝试评价目前的一些调整措施和发展方向。5、通过分析我国珠江三角 洲地区工 业化、城市化的发展阶段、问题与对策,了解区域工业化和城市化的推进动力和发展规律。过程与方法 利用扮演不同的社会角色来谈对珠江三角洲地区未来经济和城镇发展的设想和建议,反馈学生知识、能力、价值观发展情况和效果, 培养学生对所学所得的运用能力,并为学生的创新精神的发 展营造有利氛围。情感、态度与价值观1、通过鼓励学生主动获 取资料的做法,关注学生实践能力、综合思维能力及终身学习能力的训练。
世界观、人生观、价值观是人们文化素养的核心和标志。一个人的世界观、人生观、价值观是在长期的生活和学习过程中形成的,是各种文化因素交互影响的结果。世界观、人生观、价值观一经形成,就具有确定的方向性,对人的综合素质和终身发展产生深远而持久的影响。◇课堂探究:(1)你能补充一两个定居海外的华裔在生活方式和习俗方面仍然表现出受我们民族文化影响的事例吗?(2)能否谈谈你阅读这段话时的感悟,并用自己的理解说明文化对人的影响力?◇探究提示:(1)启发同学们搜集材料,了解历史上或现实生活中海外华侨的生活方式受中华民族文化影响的具体事例。(2)通过阅读这段话,可以感受到,一段丰富的人生经历、一份令人心动的情感、一种远大的理想、一种催人奋进的力量,会深深地影响着人的发展。
这两章是对战争场面的描写。写的是战车、战马、象弭、鱼服以及士兵的劳累奔波、饥渴难当,通过这些具体生动的细节描写来展现战争生活的图景。而没有写战场上的刀光剑影、厮打拼杀,但战争的残酷已可想见。4“昔我往矣,杨柳依依。今我来思,雨雪霏霏”被视为情景交融的佳句。清人王夫之在论《诗经·小雅·采薇》这两句时说:“以乐景写哀,以哀景写乐,一倍增其哀乐。”谈谈你的看法。一以往昔之虚衬眼前之实,以出征之乐衬内心之思亲之悲痛;二“杨柳依依”与“雨雪霏霏”对比,突出不胜今昔之感;三大雪交加,饥渴难当,情境实悲,以哀景写哀情。四、交流延伸1写一首诗或一段文字表达你对“乡愁”的新的体验。在全班交流。2课后搜集更多的表现乡情的诗歌散文作品,将你最感动的一篇拿到班上与同学分享感受。
三、想象画面,把握意境1.指导想象学习陶渊明的《归园田居》我们脑海中自然会出现一幅幅的画面,比如他归家后的生活场景,我们会想象“榆柳”是如何遮蔽房屋的,而“桃李”又是如何摘种在房前的。我们会想象村落是如何在薄雾中若隐若现的,想象炊烟是如何袅袅升起的。《涉江采芙蓉》一诗只有8句话,更需要我们展开想象,去构画场景,这样才能深入诗歌,体会到诗歌的味道。2.学生想象要求学生闭目想象1分钟。3.学生展示想象结果(抽三四个学生回答即可)4.老师指导纠正学生想象不合理之处。要注意的地方:“江”可能学生会想象成小溪流、小池塘。“兰泽”可能学生理解成“湖泊”。注意字词“还顾”“漫浩浩”中隐含的情感,注意“离居”中流露的愁怨。5.时间允许的话,老师读自己的下水作文。