Q5:What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6:What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.(肯定句)他已被挑选出来参加运动会。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.(否定句)墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “ask about online habits”. Many middle school students have been surfing the Internet for many years, but what they do with the Internet and how much time they spend every day may not be very clear to themselves, nor to other students. This section allows students to investigate their peers' Internet use, which is conducive to their mutual understanding and understanding of the Internet. It can also help them reflect on their own online behavior, learn from other people's good online habits, and get rid of their bad online behavior.The listening text of this section is an investigation interview. The investigators interview specific groups with the same questions to obtain information, so as to understand their views, practices or attitudes on this issue. There are two specific questions: “how much time do you spend online every day? What do you usually do online?”. The answers of the three respondents provide rich and different information, and achieve the purpose of the investigators. The oral discourse structure of survey interviews generally includes greeting and explaining the purpose of the interview, presenting the interview questions and the respondents' answers. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of “choosing the right application ". Listening text is a conversation between Laura and Xiao Bo. In this part of listening, “oink”; “piggy bank” may cause the students' hearing comprehension limitation. Oink refers to sound word and pig's sound. So, add some oink to my piggy bank is often used to describe "making a little money".1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of listening for definitions.2. Cultivate students' ability to define words and understand an investigation interview.
Paragraph 3. Jan decided to start an IT club to teach old people how to use computers and the Internet. Paragraph 4. Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Paragraph 5. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. Step 5: Critical thinking:(1)How do you arrange your time spent on study and the Internet? Is it reasonable? I usually surf the Internet using my mobile phone for only an hour after class, and it is reasonable for me.(2)What are your online activities? Are they safe? I chat with my friends, read news and play games. I never give away my private information so I think they are safe.Step 4: summary Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)______(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)_____(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) _________________(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)_____(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)___(she) company. She joined an online group (6)______ she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)_______(benefit). She was so inspired (8)____ she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)___ children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)______(great) improved by the Internet. Step 5 Homework:Review what we have learned and find out the key language points in the text.
⑦identity theft 身份盗窃⑧chat room 聊天室⑨draft your blog post 起草博客帖子⑩post embarrassing photos 张贴尴尬照片 【话题句式】 1. How do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 你如何在网上保持安全, 避免在网上的不良经历? 2. I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two. 我不是专家, 但作为一个博主, 我已经学了好几年了。 3. If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. 如果你看到或读到一些让你觉得不舒服的东西, 立即离开这个网站。4. Don’t give out your address or phone number. 别告诉别人你的地址或电话号码。 5. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. 身份盗窃是一个常见而严重的问题。6. Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don’t want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. 上网并不是无礼的借口, 你也不想成为发挑衅帖子的人或网络恶霸的目标。 7. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. 发挑衅帖子的人经常使用几个假名, 这样他们就可以留在一个网站上。8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有礼貌, 你被攻击的可能性就越小。
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar “The Present Perfect Passive Voice.” To begin with, teachers should lead students to revise what they have learned about the Present Perfect Passive Voice. And then, teachers move on to stress more special cases concerning this grammar。This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercises. 1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the Present Perfect Passive Voice2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly.2. Enable students to use the basic phrases structures flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the Present Perfect Passive Voice in a sentence2. Instruct students to write essays using the proper the Present Perfect Passive Voice.观察下列句子特点,总结共同点。1.(教材P28)Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.2.(教材P28)But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life more convenient.3.(教材P28)Many people have been helped by the club.4.(教材P28)She no longer feels lonely, and her company has become quite successful.5.(教材P32)Today I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times—how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet?
8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有礼貌, 你被攻击的可能性就越小。 Step 8 Writing---the articleHow to stay safe in the online chat roomToday I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times--- how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences in the online chat room ? I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two.First of all, there’s the golden rule of the Internet: keep out of what makes you uneasy. Don’t post comments or click on anything. Second, protect your privacy. Don’t give out too much private information like your address, phone numbers, the ID numbers, etc. Third, be polite. If you are polite to others on the Internet, you won’t be attacked in normal situation. Finally, don’t believe in others easily and never meet someone you met online alone. It is very dangerous.Have you had any bad experiences online, or do you have some good advice for staying safe? Post your comments below!Step 9 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer tell the reader what he/she know about the topic ?2. Are the tips and suggestions well organised ?3. Has the writer defined the new words ?4. Does the author include examples, comparison, or explanations ?5. Does the writer end by asking readers to leave comments and/or suggestions ?6. Can you find any grammar or spelling mistakes.Step 6 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
(五)平抛运动规律的应用例1:一架老式飞机在高出海面45m的高处,以80m/s的速度水平飞行,为了使飞机上投下的炸弹落在停在海面上的敌船,应该在与轰炸目标的水平距离为多远的地方投弹?不计空气阻力。分析:对于这道题我们可以从以下几个方面来考虑:(1)从水平飞行的飞机上投下的炸弹,做什么运动?为什么?(2)炸弹的这种运动可分解为哪两个什么样的分运动?3)要想使炸弹投到指定的目标处,你认为炸弹落地前在水平方向通过的距离与投弹时飞机离目标的水平距离之间有什么关系?拓展:1、式飞机在高出海面45m的高处,以80m/s的速度水平飞行,尾追一艘以15m/s逃逸的敌船,为了使飞机上投下的炸弹正好击中敌船,应该在与轰炸目标的水平距离为多远的地方投弹?不计空气阻力。2、在一次摩托车跨越壕沟的表演中,摩托车从壕沟的一侧以速度v=40m/s沿水平方向向另一侧,壕沟两侧的高度及宽度如图所示,摩托车可看做质点,不计空气阻力。(1)判断摩托车能否跨越壕沟?请计算说明(2)若能跨过,求落地速度?
1、知识与能力:知道诸子百家,认识春秋战国时期“百家争鸣”局面形成的重要意义;了解孔子、孟子和荀子的主要观点,理解儒家思想的形成。2、过程与方法:适度引入古代中国政治发展与传统文化方面的材料 ,启发学生思考百家争鸣局面形成的重要意义。以列表的方法,从时代、主要观点、影响等方面,指导学生归纳孔子、孟子和荀子的主要内容。以百家争鸣为主题,组织学生谈一谈继承中国传统文化思想的认识和感受。组织一次“我读《论语》的读书活动”。3、情感态度价值观:感受中国古代思想的博大精深:通过学习早期儒家的民本思想,培养学生的人文关怀精神;了解儒家文化是我国传统文化的最主要部分,认识其在世界文化史上的地位和对后世的影响;联系现实,使学生正确对待儒家传统文化,发挥其在当代的积极意义。
一、教材分析第一目,矛盾的统一性和斗争性。世界上的一切事物都包含着两个方面——矛盾的定义——矛盾的两个基本属性——矛盾的同一性——矛盾的斗争性——同一性和斗争性的辩证关系。这一目的重点是让学生理解世界上的一切事物都包含着矛盾,没有矛盾就没有世界。第二目,矛盾的普遍性和特殊性。这一目逻辑顺序是:事事有矛盾,时时有矛盾——承认矛盾的普遍性是坚持唯物主义的前途——矛盾的特殊性及其三层涵义——矛盾的普遍性和特殊性的辩证关系——矛盾普遍性和特殊性关系的原理是矛盾问题的精髓。最后得出结论:马克思主义普遍原理与中国具体实际相结合体现了矛盾普遍性和特殊性的具体的历史的统一。学习了唯物辩证法的矛盾观,就要学会理论联系实际,学会在生活、学习和工作中进一步运用所学的知识,处理好生活中的实际问题
a矛盾的同一性是矛盾双方相互吸引、相互联结的属性和趋势。它有两方面的含义:一是矛盾双方相互依赖,一方的存在以另一方的存在为前提,双方共处于一个统一体中;同一事物都有对立面和统一面两个方面,一方的存在以另一方为条件,彼此谁都离不开谁(形影想随、一个巴掌拍不响、不是冤家不聚头)。【举例】P67漫画:他敢剪吗?悬挂在山崖上的两个人构成一种动态的平衡。【举例】磁铁(S极和N极);没有上就没有下、没有香就没有臭、没有福就无所谓祸;【举例】父子关系(父亲之所以是父亲,因为有儿子,儿子之所以是儿子,因为有父亲);师生关系;二是矛盾双方相互贯通,即相互渗透、相互包含,在一定条件下可以相互转化。 【相关衔接】P68生物变性现象,雌雄转化现象【举例】生产与消费具有直接统一性
(2)由来:《黄帝内经》是我国古典医籍中现存最早的一部医学,在整个中医的发展过程起着重要的作用。该书中阐述的理论,一直以来指导着整个中医学术的发展,是学习中医不可缺少的一部经典读物,也是现代中医院学生学习中医时必读的医书。顾名思义,“内经”是讲内科方面的疾病,据《隋书.艺文志》记载,除了有《黄帝内经》外,还有一本《黄帝外经》。这两本书是姊妹篇。看来,《黄帝内经》是针对《黄帝外经》说的。2、《伤寒杂病论》:集大成的中医专著、“万世宝典”(1)作者:东汉张仲景(2)内容:全书分为“伤寒”和“杂病”两大部分,(3)地位:创造性地提出辩证施治的方法,奠定了后世中医临床学的理论基础,被后世医家誉为“万世宝典”。3、《本草纲目》:“东方药物巨典”(1)作者:明朝李时珍(2)内容:记录各类药物1892种、药方一万多个,还绘制了一千多幅药物形态图。(3)地位:这部重要的中药学著作,是对16世纪以前中药学的系统总结,被称为“东方药物宝典”。
【大宗与小宗的关系:君臣关系、兄弟关系】4、影响:宗法制保证了贵族在政治上的垄断和特权地位,也有利于统治集团内部的稳定和团结。【合作探究】分封制与宗法制的关系两者互为表里、相辅相成:从根本上说,分封制就是宗法制作用于国家地方政治制度的重要举措和体现。宗法制是分封制的内核和纽带,维护贵族统治集团内部的稳定与团结。宗法制与分封制结合紧密,宗法制是西周政治制度的基础,分封制基于宗法制而产生,与宗法制互为表里。小结:我国早期政治制度(夏商周)发展脉络:起源于夏——初步建立于夏商——完善于西周——瓦解于西周末年到春秋——崩溃于战国★问题解答⊙【学思之窗】从这段记载,你能看出商朝的相权有多大吗?答案提示:相是商朝中央最高官吏,相权很大,包括参定政制、主持政务、辅佐商王等,甚至有时可废立商王。
一、教材分析本节内容主要讲述了社会实践在文化创新中的作用和意义,明确了社会实践是文化创新的源泉,也是文化创新的动力,文化创新的作用,既表现为不断推动社会实践的发展,又表现为不断促进民族文化的繁荣。我们要从中体会社会实践的重要性和意义。二、教学目标(一)知识目标(1) 理解文化发展的实质在于创新;理解社会实践是文化创新的源泉(2) 理解文化创新的作用;理解人民群众是社会实践的主体、文化创新的主体。(二)能力目标培养学生列举实例说明社会实践在 文化创新中的作用。情感、态度价值观目标:帮助学生充分认识建 设社会主义先进文化的意义,增强民族文化的自豪感。 (三)情感、态度与价值观目标情感、态度及价值观目标:通过学习本课题内容,初步理解文化创新的、意义、作用,做一个有“文化”的人,认识到文化创新的重要性。深刻理解建。
(1)社会实践是文化创新的源泉实践,作为人们改造客观世界的活动,是一种有目的、有意识的社会性活动。人类在改造自然和社会的实践中,创造出自己特有的文化。离开了社会实践;文化就会成为无源之水、无本之木,人们不可能从事任何有价值的文化创造。◇本课小结:1.关于本课逻辑结构的宏观把握:文化创新的源泉和作用这一问题,教材分三个层次展开论证:一是不尽的源泉,不竭的动力;二是巨大的作用,深刻的意义;三是呼唤文化创新的时代。教材运用辩证方法从文化创新的源泉和作用展开论述。即社会实践是文化创新的源泉,文化创新又推动社会实践的发展和促进民族文化的繁荣。教材关于文化创新的途径问题,从三个层次展开讲述:第一个层次是“继承传统,推陈出新”;第二个层次是“面向世界,博采众长”;第三个层次是“坚持正确方向,克服错误倾向”。三个层次三个角度,着重于分析每一个层次,然后予以归纳总结,即采用了分析归纳法,层次清晰,教学目标明确,既便于传授知识,又便于学生学习时识记、理解和把握。
猜想:既然物体下落过程中的运动情况与物体质量无关,那么为什么在现实生活中,不同物体的落体运动,下落快慢不同呢?我们能否猜想是由于空气阻力的作用造成的呢?如果没有空气阻力将会怎样呢?学生讨论后回答.三、猜想与假说伽利略认为,自由落体是一种最简单的变速运动.他设想,最简单的变速运动的速度应该是均匀变化的.但是,速度的变化怎样才算均匀呢?他考虑了两种可能:一种是速度的变化对时间来说是均匀的,即经过相等的时间,速度的变化相等;另一种是速度的变化对位移来说是均匀的,即经过相等的位移,速度的变化相等.伽利略假设第一种方式最简单,并把这种运动叫做匀变速运动.四、实验验证实验验证是检验理论正确与否的唯一标准.任何结论和猜想都必须经过实验验证,否则不成理论.猜想或假说只有通过验证才会成为理论.所谓实验验证就是任何人,在理论条件下去操作都能到得实验结果,它具有任意性,但不是无条件的,实验是在一定条件下的验证,而与实际有区别.
四、速度和速率学生阅读教材第18页相应部分的知识点,让学生总结.生:速度既有大小,又有方向,是矢量,速度的大小叫速率,教师引导学生看教材第18页图1.3—2.观察汽车的速度计,讨论后说出你从表盘上获取的有用信息。生:汽车的速率.指针指在相应数字的瞬间,就表示汽车在那一瞬时的速率是那个值.生:还可以从表盘上直接读出公里里程.师:日常生活中的“速度”有时指速度,也有时指速率,要看实际的物理情景。[讨论与交流]甲、乙两位同学用不同的时间围绕操场跑了一圈,都回到了出发点,他们的平均速度相同吗?怎样比较他们运动的快慢?学生讨论,体验平均速度的缺陷,引入平均速率。生1:位移都是零,平均速度等于位移跟发生这段位移所用时间的比值,所以他们的平均速度都是零。生2:即使一位同学站在原地不跑,他的平均速度也是零啊,可我们运动会上不是这样比快慢的,如果这样,那多不公平啊?
生:还可以从表盘上直接读出公里里程.师:日常生活中的“速度”有时指速度,也有时指速率,要看实际的物理情景。[讨论与交流]甲、乙两位同学用不同的时间围绕操场跑了一圈,都回到了出发点,他们的平均速度相同吗?怎样比较他们运动的快慢?学生讨论,体验平均速度的缺陷,引入平均速率。生1:位移都是零,平均速度等于位移跟发生这段位移所用时间的比值,所以他们的平均速度都是零。生2:即使一位同学站在原地不跑,他的平均速度也是零啊,可我们运动会上不是这样比快慢的,如果这样,那多不公平啊?师:平均速度v=Δx/Δt,甲、乙的位移都为零,所以他们的平均速度也都等于零.在这里平均速度无法显示他们运动快慢的不同,要用到另一物理量:平均速率.平均速率等于物体运动通过的路程跟所用时间的比值.他们两人通过的路程相同且都不为零,但所用时间不同.显然用时短的运动得快,也就是平均速率大.生:这不是我们初中学过的速度吗?
在当时雅典的公民大会和陪审法庭上,人们常常要发表意见,要和自己的对手辩论,雅典法庭规定每个公民须替自己辩护,不许旁人代辩。所以出现了这样一批专门教授人辩论、演说、修辞的技巧和参政知识的职业教师。①政治因素:雅典奴隶制民主政治发展到顶峰,成为希腊政治和文化中心。参与政治生活成为每个公民生活的重要内容②古希腊工商业发展,奴隶制经济繁荣(在广大奴隶的劳动基础上,古希腊的经济迅速发展起来,为哲学的成长提供了物质条件)——根本原因③人的地位的提高(民主政治制度和每个公民参与政治意识的加强,使人的中心地位日益突出)最后教师强调:提示并强调学生学习时要注意理解“一定的文化是一定社会的政治和经济在观念形态上的反映”。3、代表人物:普罗泰格拉4、研究领域:人和人类社会关注人与人之间的关系、社会组织、风俗习惯和伦理规范
六、学习效果评价设计1、评价方式:我对学习效果的评价,来自两个方面。一是教师的教授是否认真、严肃、科学;二是学生的学习成果如何,是否达成了事先预设的教学目标,是否在学习过程中有提高的过程。评价的方式有:同伴评价;教师自我评价和反思;学生反馈。2、评价量规:我设置了几个问题用于课后的教学评价:(1)教学目标是否符合课标要求,是否符合三贴近原则,是否体现学生学习效果的生成性和过程性。(2)学习所用资源是否来自生活实际,是否真实,是否是学生感兴趣的问题。(3)教师在课堂教学过程中是否能有效的通过提问和资料的展示分析,引导学生自己生成思考过程,而不是“教师代替学生的思考”。(4)学生参与的广度和态度,学生是否提出有意义的观点和问题。学生的回答是否是实话。